Showing papers in "Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management in 2020"

The different articulations between work and non-work of tunisian managers

Abstract: The question of the link between working time and non-working time remains a contemporary issue. The analysis of the experience and the perception of this articulation on a sample of 40 Tunisian managers made it possible to highlight, on the one hand, the determinants and the practices of articulation between working time and time out of work. On the other hand, to better understand the experience of the executives of the articulation of social times. Through the analysis of the interviews, we were able to identify three categories of executives adopting different strategies vis-a-vis the articulation of social times. A first group of managers is made up of managers who adopt a strategy of integrating working time with that of non-working time. For this group, social times intersect and collide without invading each other. The second group of managers adopts a partitioning strategy. They believe that the border between the working and non-working spheres must remain tight and that respecting the separation between the two spheres is fundamental. A third group of managers adopts an overflow strategy. Of course, the two spheres overlap one another, but this overflow can be both negative and positive. Keywords: Articulation, Manager, Social Time, Partitioning, Overflow, Integration CITATION: Khanchel, H. (2020). The different articulations between work and non-work of Tunisian managers. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 122 – 154.

Impact of covid-19 pandemic to meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (mice) tourism in rwanda

Abstract: Since the beginning of 2020 COVID-19 engulfed the world halting the daily activities. In a matter of weeks, the pandemic had threatened health and lives of millions of people worldwide. By the last quarter of the month of March 2020 several countries in the world including Rwanda had imposed travel restrictions and lockdown measures to combat COVID-19 pandemic. This led to unprecedented levels of mass commercial flight cancellations and travel restrictions, forcing millions to alter their travel plans. Both international and domestic tourists cancelled bookings in Rwanda and outbound tourism activities were also banned. Airlines had cancelled flights, while hotels were almost completely vacant. Consequently, tour operators were facing huge economic losses and employment cuts in Rwanda. According to the Minister for Trade and Industry, Soraya by July 21st 2020 Rwanda’s MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions) industry had been hit by a $48 million (over Rwf45 billion) loss as a result of the global Covid-19 crisis. The purpose of this paper was to discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE) tourism in Rwanda. The study covered a period of 7 months (December, 2019- July, 2020). The study adopted a descriptive survey design. 36 general managers of hotels offering MICE tourism for a period of three years from 2017-2020 in Kigali Province were targeted. A sample of 34 respondents was determined from this population using purposive sampling technique. Both primary and secondary data was collected. Primary data was collected using the questionnaire while for secondary data the study reviewed journals, historical records, newspaper articles, World Health Organization statistics, government data, and website materials on COVID-19 incidences in tourism. Data analysis was done with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. The study findings revealed that 58.8% of the respondents strongly agreed that COVID-19 created conditions and disruptions forcing socio-behavioural changes on societies . In addition, 76.5% of the respondents strongly agreed that MICE consumers in Rwanda had been seriously curtailed by the pandemic . Moreover, 64.7% of the respondents agreed that their hotel expectations of the right to unfettered mobility across national borders has been severely challenged by government responses to COVID-19, 35.3% . Furthermore, a combination of (82.4%) of the respondents agreed that closure of attractions and tourism facilities had negatively affected the MICE tourism . Lastly, 61.8% agreed that virtual events mainly served as a good substitute for recession-prone exhibitors and attendees during COVID-19 while 32.8% strongly agreed. A half of the respondents representing 50% also strongly agreed that travel restrictions on rights to visit friends and family had negatively impacted the MICE tourism . From the review of respondents, the study noted that MICE consumers had not only been affected in Rwanda alone but globally. In general, there was no doubt that the hospitality and tourism sector was operating at a loss. The study concluded that in Rwanda, COVID-19 had adversely impacted MICE tourism. Based on the study findings the study recommended to the Government of Rwanda to continue imposing measures to combat the pandemic. Since the end of the pandemic was not predetermined there was need to continuously address both on an on-going basis as the pandemic and its effects evolved over time and place and as a retrospect once the new hospitality and tourism in Rwanda to make the sector sustainable during and after the pandemic. Future studies can be carried in other districts of the country. Also, a study on MICE tourism preparedness in responding to the crisis and recovery of their enterprises can be carried out. Keywords: Meetings, Incentives, Conferences Exhibitions, COVID-19, Tourism CITATION: Rwigema, P. C. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 pandemic to Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE) tourism in Rwanda . The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(3), 395 – 409.

Effect of financial management practices on performance of micro and small enterprises in bungoma town

Abstract: Micro and Small Enterprises account for 75 per cent of the total employment and 30 per cent of the Kenya’s Gross Domestic Product However two thirds of micro and small enterprises fail within the first few months of operation This study sought to assess how selected financial management practices affect performance of MSEs in Bungoma Town, Kenya Correlational research design was adopted and the target population for the study was 712 small scale traders in Bungoma Town from which a sample of 256 respondents were selected using the simple random sampling technique Data was collected using questionnaire and was analyzed both descriptively and inferential using SPSS 26 Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to summarize responses The correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were calculated The analysis showed that all the financial management practices had a statistically significant effect on performance of MSEs The study established that liquidity management practices had greatest positive effect on performance of small and medium enterprises while asset management practices had least positive effect on the performance Working capital management and financial reporting practices had also positive effect on the performance The study concluded that adoption of financial management practices such as working capital management, liquidity management, asset management and financial reporting would result to improvement in medium and small enterprises in Bungoma Town The study recommended that both county and National governments to start offering basic business and financial management skills as this would enable the MSEs to adopt various financial management practices For further studies, Investigation on the impact of entrepreneurial characteristics on the financial management practices of MSEs is recommended Key Words: Working Capital Management, Liquidity Management, Asset Management, Financial Reporting CITATION: Anangwe, Z L, & Malenya, A (2020) Effect of financial management practices on performance of Micro and Small Enterprises in Bungoma Town The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 648 – 671

Effect of strategic planning practices on performance of state corporations in kenya: a case of agricultural finance corporation

Abstract: Strategic planning practices enables an organization to perform relatively well in regards to competition in the industry. Agricultural Finance Cooperation like any other state corporation is faced by numerous challenges in regards to strategic planning as well strategy implementation which adversely affect their service delivery. This study sought to analyze the effect of strategic planning practices on performance of state corporations a case of Agricultural Finance Corporation. The study focused on strategic planning practices such as stakeholders’ involvement, top management support and environmental scanning and how they affect the performance of Agricultural Finance Cooperation (AFC). The study adopted an explanatory research design and targeted 157 employees who were drawn from top and middle level management using census. Data was collected using structured questionnaires which were self-administered. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were tested after piloting 16 questionnaires at Agricultural Development Corporation . Inferential and descriptive statistical data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 software. Result of multiple regressions revealed that strategic planning practices jointly and independently influenced performance of Agricultural Finance Corporation. Jointly the four constructs namely stakeholders’ involvement, top management support and environmental scanning contributed 65.1% of the variation in performance of Agricultural Finance Corporation. The study constructs were also positively and significantly related to performance of AFC and this led to the rejection of the null hypothesis. This implied that the management of AFC and as well as other state corporations should pay high premiums in strategically formulating and implementing strategic practices through policies which can enhance their performance. In this regard AFC as well as other private or public institutions should formulate policies which strengthen their strategic planning practices to achieve high performance. Key words : Strategic Planning Practices, Organizational Performance CITATION: Muhsin, H. H., Mandere, E. N., & Onyango, R. O. (2020). Effect of strategic planning practices on performance of state corporations in Kenya: A case of Agricultural Finance Corporation. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 789 – 808.

Khat marketing and its export performance in the ethiopian economy

Abstract: The major aims of this paper were to assess Khat marketing and its export performance in the Ethiopian economy. The study used secondary data collected from different organizations. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and econometric methods . Descriptive study showed that the crop had crucial importance for the economy as a whole and the producers. The crop can also be cultivated by mixing with other crops and the production varied from region to region. The production was expanding rapidly in some regions of the country due to the high-income elasticity of plants than another crop. On the other hand, the plant was seen as socially undesirable in some parts of the country due to its social ill. Also, the crop has several adverse effects on both social and socioeconomic factors of a country. AS a result, the different country attempted to impose restrictions. On the other hand, econometric analysis result found that per capita income of importing country and real effective exchange rate were the most important factors which significantly affected Khat export in the long run in Ethiopia. Finally, the study recommended that there should be an appropriate policy towards the restrictions of further Khat expansion because it harboured considerable social and economic risks to the country. Keywords : Ethiopian economy; Export performance; Khat; Khat export; Khat marketing CITATION: Tolcha, P. T. (2020). Khat marketing and its export performance in the Ethiopian economy. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 58 – 69.

EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON FINANCIAL GROWTH IN SACCOs IN KWALE COUNTY

Abstract: The general objective of this study was to analyze the extent to which financial literacy affect the financial growth in SACCOs in Kwale County. To achieve the objective, the study used descriptive survey design. The target population was 15281 members drawn from 80 SACCOs licensed and operating in Kwale County. Data was collected using structured questionnaires from 397 out of 459 respondents, selected using stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s correlation test at a level of significance of alpha = .05 indicated that financial knowledge and financial training had a significant and weak positive correlation with financial growth of the SACCOs in Kwale County, while financial attitude and financial behavior had a significant and moderate positive correlation with financial growth of the SACCOs. Regression results revealed that financial knowledge, financial attitude, financial behavior and financial training had significant and positive influence on financial growth in SACCOs in Kwale County. The study concluded that financial knowledge, financial attitude, financial behavior and financial training had a statistically significant and positive influence on financial growth in SACCOs in Kwale County. The study findings could be useful to the County Government of Kwale through the department of trade and co-operatives in developing new initiatives for financial education of SACCO members in order to improve the financial growth of the SACCO industry and thereby enhance the general economic development of the County. The study findings could also be of benefit to the National Government through the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Co-operatives, State department of co-operatives, and SASRA in improving the existing policy and regulatory framework to support the financial education of SACCO members as part of the strategies to alleviate poverty. The study findings could also be useful to scholars and researchers as a source of reference for conducting further studies on the factors influencing the financial growth in SACCOs. The study could be replicated in different sectors so as to check findings with the aim of generating additional data on the impact of financial literacy on financial growth. Key Words: Financial Knowledge, Attitude, Training, Behavior, Financial Growth CITATION: Mwatondo, H. J., & Wekesa, M. W. (2020). Effect of financial literacy on financial growth in SACCOs in Kwale County. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7 (4), 697 – 713.

Effect of fit for purpose approach management skills on justice delivery in kenya; a case of milimani high court nairobi

Abstract: Strategic management plays a role for attainment of organization’s goals and objectives; hence it is a continuous planning, monitoring, analysis and assessment of all activities that makes an organization succeed competitively. This study had the strength of relying on literature of Justice Delivery since it is commonly identified by four pillars, namely; fairness in process, transparency in action, opportunities for voice and impartiality in decision making. General impression of this study was on delivery of justice by the Kenyan judiciary which had been facing challenges ranging from cases backlog, ethical and corruption issues, insufficient judicial officers, insufficient digitization and infrastructure. This study focused on the review of the judicial strategic plan and performance reports on delivery of justice. Specific objective of the study was to determine the effect of deploying Fit for Purpose Approach Management Skills in Justice Delivery in Kenya. This study used a descriptive survey research design anchored on pragmatism philosophy on a population target of judicial officers which constituted; Judges and Magistrates who practice in Milimani law court, Nairobi; Kenya. Data collection was done through structured questionnaires by use of census technique on all concerned respondents. Analysis of data of the study was done by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24) in order to solve concerned information of descriptive and inferential content of the study. Descriptive statistics included; frequencies, percentages and means, however for inferential Statistics, main concern was on correlation. The conclusion of the study was that Fit for Purpose Approach Management Skills had significant positive effect on Justice Delivery since the null hypothesis was rejected. This study recommended strengthening of Fit for Purpose Approach Management skills as strategic management tool in the administration of justice as it had shown to improve Justice Delivery. Key words ; Fit for Purpose Approach Management Skills, Justice Delivery CITATION: Wanyonyi, C. K., & Juma, D. (2020). Effect of fit for purpose approach management skills on justice delivery in Kenya; A case of Milimani High Court Nairobi . The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 1177 – 1194.

Effect of human resource planning practices on organizational performance in public universities in western kenya

Abstract: The universities are citadels of knowledge, research and academic excellence. The continuing role of universities in the provision of transformational experience for individuals and the global community cannot be under estimated. However, in the current climate and with substantial increase in technological advancement, higher education has witnessed increased cases of lack of honest appraisal of the problems facing universities. This study sought to assess the effect of human resource planning on the performance of public universities in western Kenya region . The specific objectives of the study were to; examine the effect of recruitment and selection on the performance of public universities and to determine the effect of outsourcing on the performance of public universities in western Kenya region. The study adopted analytical cross-sectional and survey research design. The target population was 2,822 employees and a sample size of 341 was drawn from a total population of 2,822 employees to represent the whole population using Krejcie and Morgan Table 1970. The researcher selected the six public universities in western region purposively. The public universities represented clusters from which simple random sampling was used to sample non-academic staff. Simple random sample was taken from the clusters in proportion to the cluster size in comparison to the population by use of proportional allocation. Data was collected by use of questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 25.0. The null hypothesis was tested at 5% significance level. Result of multiple regressions revealed that human resource planning practices jointly and independently influenced organizational performance in public Universities in Western region. Jointly the two constructs namely outsourcing and recruitment and selection contributed 53.5% variation in performance of public universities (Adjusted R Square = 0.535). The β value for Outsourcing (.284) and recruitment and selection (.623) were all positive. All these together led to the rejection of the null hypothesis. The synergistic effect of the human resource planning practices under study cannot be gain said in achieving high performance of public universities. This implied that the management of public universities should pay high premiums in formulating and implementing human resource planning practices to galvanize performance of the public universities. Key words: human resource planning, organizational performance, outsourcing and recruitment and selection CITATION: Nondoh, R. A., Tsuma, E., Alala, B. O., Onyango, R. (2020). Effect of human resource planning practices on organizational performance in public Universities in Western Kenya. T he Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 20 – 39.

Masculine images of god and leadership in presbyterian church of east africa (pcea)

Abstract: The masculine language ascribed to God and image of God seems to be linked to the exclusion of women from senior church leadership in the Presbyterian Church of East Africa The Study explored the theological and hermeneutical principles that have influenced the Church to marginalize women from leadership The study was guided by the following objectives; exploring the reasons for the exclusion of women from senior leadership in PCEA, determining the link between masculine images about God and its impact on the female leadership in the church, analyzing how biblical and theological hermeneutical principles have affected women leadership in the church and proposing a hermeneutical methodology of inclusion for all in the leadership of PCEA The dissertation applied the hermeneutical approach to the understanding of masculine language refereed to God and its influence on the women leadership in the PCEA The dissertation made three observations on the question of the exclusion of women from senior leadership First, the long-time practice of excluding women from senior leadership are attributed to foundation of the church and the language of elder which is masculine in the traditional culture, associating God with maleness and not a woman Second, the process of election is influenced much by male figures with powers to determine the outcomes Thirdly, women are seen and said to be busy with domestic chores thus should not be given positions and if given, they should be of lower profile as realized in cultural biasness which sees female from a cultural point of view as a home manager and domestic caretaker who should not be involved in external matters Keywords: Women Leadership, God’s Image, Masculinity, PCEA CITATION: Kairu, J W (2020) Masculine images of God and leadership in Presbyterian Church Of East Africa (PCEA) The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 513 – 544

Determinants of successful implementation of early childhood education projects in elgeyo marakwet county

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the determinants of successful implementation of early childhood education projects in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. The study used the following theories in supporting the research variables; stakeholder theory, competence theory and ladder of participation. A descriptive research design was used in the study. The study targeted 297 respondents . From the targeted population, the study sampled 169 respondents using stratified random sampling techniques. The study used primary data which was collected using structured questionnaires. Pilot test was conducted to test validity and reliability of data collection tools. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23) and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. For variable relationships, inferential analysis was examined and analyzed data was presented by use of tables and models. The findings established that there is significant positive influence of project fund management, stakeholder participation, technical capacity, monitoring and evaluation on successful completion of ECDE projects in the county of Elgeyo Marakwet. The study concluded that improvement of project funding management, stakeholder participation, and technical capacity; monitoring and evaluation would results to successful completion of ECDE projects. The study recommended that there is need of appropriate structures of stakeholders’ participation which for successful implementation of devolved projects in Kenya. The study also recommended that county governments should consider institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation by creating monitoring unit and hire an officer responsible for the Unit with adequate resources. Key Words: Project Fund Management, Stakeholder Participation, Monitoring and Evaluation, Technical Capacity, Early Childhood Education CITATION: Barchok, P. K., & Miroga, J. (2020). Determinants of successful implementation of early childhood education projects in Elgeyo Marakwet County. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 591 – 608.

Determinants of public procurement in tertiary institutions in kenya: a case study of the kenya medical training college

Abstract: This study established the determinants of public procurement in tertiary institutions in Kenya with a specialized focus of Kenya Medical Training College. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study’s target population was 285 heads of procurement, finance officers and their assistants at KMTC. Size of the sample constituted 166 respondents who were selected with the help of a stratified random sampling approach. The study used primary sources of data that was collected using semi-structured questionnaires having both open-ended and closed questions. Data was analyzed using quantitative analysis methods namely, descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. Under descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation were utilized to summarize the pattern of variables while regression analysis was utilized to test hypothesis and associations between variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was utilized for data analysis. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study found that information technology, procurement planning and staff competence were significantly linked to performance. However, political influence was insignificantly linked to procurement performance. The coefficient of determination was satisfactory (56.3%) and overall regression model significant since its p-value was below 5% (0.000). Correlation results established that information technology and procurement planning were strongly correlated to procurement performance while staff competence and political influence were moderately and weakly correlated to procurement performance. The study recommended the need to continue investing in technological innovations and integrating procurement systems. These technologies should be integrated with business processes and supply chain channels to lower cost and enhance efficiency. There is need for public organizations to sponsor their staff for development and training programs to improve their skills and boost their efficiency and creativity in their work. Also, public organizations should institute plans to ensure that funds for procurement can be channeled through effective methods that facilitate efficient delivery of goods, services and works. Key Words: Procurement Planning, Information Technology, Politics, Staff Competence, Public Procurement CITATION: Ngari, J. N., & Machoka, P. (2020). Determinants of public procurement in tertiary institutions in Kenya: A case study of The Kenya Medical Training College. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(4), 645 – 663.

Effect of essential business communication practices on consumer choices in the oil and gas industry: a case study of national oil corporation of kenya

Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to examined the role of essential business communication practices on the consumer choices in the oil and gas industry. Business communication entails the sharing of information, both internally and externally in regard to the execution of company obligations towards the realization of mission and vision. Traditional mediums of business communication notably print media and visual audio communication have remained reliable and useful over many decades. However, with the advancement in technology in this information age, digital communication has really gained traction in business communication. Companies in the oil and gas industry have also embraced best practices in essential business communication in effort to appeal the ever growing consumer base in the oil and gas industry. This posits the importance of understanding the effect of essential business communication on consumer choices. This study adopted case study approach with National Oil Corporation being the organization of focus. Top managers from the company drawn from marketing, human resource and corporate communication department participated in the study. An interview schedule (Appendix 1), was used as the tool for data collection. The study established that essential business communication was a critical factor in selling reputation in the eyes of petroleum consumers. Digital communication was found out to be useful in regard to faster transmission of important information both internally and externally. The study concluded that most modern petroleum consumers were digital connected thus well confirmed on all trends within the oil and gas industry which informed their petroleum brand preferences. The study recommended for investment in digital communication, through modernization of communication systems and technologies into cutting edge high-tech systems. The study also recommended for capacity building in boosting digital communication and human resource pool for petroleum companies which is necessary for modernized communication with informed consumers. Key Words: Business Communication, Consumer Choices CITATION: Maundu, J. (2020). Effect of essential business communication practices on consumer choices in the oil and gas industry: A case study of National Oil Corporation of Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7 (4), 1534 – 1546.

Influence of decision-making practices on quality of social service delivery in rwanda

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of decision-making practices on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . The questions were identification of reforms that had been affected and an assessment on its impact on service delivery. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The target population of the study was 7000 respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected through structured questionnaires. The sample size of 379 respondents was determined using the Yamane’s formula. The questionnaire was pretested before data collection for validation and reliability. The collected data was coded and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24 was used. Testing of hypotheses was done using analysis of variance. Variance Inflation Factor was used to illustrate the significance of the association between governance practices on the quality of social service delivery by local governments in Rwanda . Analyzed data was presented using tables and percentages. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.658, which means that this variable alone can explain up to 65.8% of the variations in the dependent variable, quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . The findings further confirmed that the regression model of decision-making practices on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda is significant for the data F=156.122, p<0.01) since p-values was 0.00 which was less than 0.05. The study at 95% confidence interval solved the third research question by indicating that the variable decision-making practices is statistically significant in the quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . The findings confirmed that there is a statistically significant influence of decision-making practices and on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . A positive increase in decision-making practices leads to an increase in on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . It was concluded from this study that decision-making practices is statistically significant in explaining on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . The study concluded that decision-making practices are effective in determining on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda . Keywords: Quality of social Service delivery , Decision-Making Practices, Public institutions in Rwanda CITATION: Ngirabakunzi, B., Iravo, M. A., Namusonge, G., & Mulyungi, P. (2020). Influence of decision-making practices on quality of social service delivery in Rwanda. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7 (4), 1523 – 1533.

Effect of transactional leadership style on employee engagement

Abstract: This study examined the effect transactional leadership style on employee engagement in public secondary schools of Murang’a County in Kenya. A survey research design was employed. The target population was 3,860 teachers. Systematic random sampling followed by use of random numbers were applied to sample 368 respondents in 306 Public Secondary Schools. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical methods that provide measures of central tendency like the mean, standard deviation and percentages to describe the characteristics of the variables of interest in the study. The inferential statistical tools applied in this research were correlation analysis and linear regression. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 23 was used to assist in data analysis. The results showed that transactional leadership had a positive significant effect on employee engagement and its dimensions. Based on the findings of this study, it was established that applying transactional leadership style on employees could increase employee engagement. It was recommended that strategies be put in place by the Ministry of Education through the Teachers Service Commission to ensure appropriate application of transactional leadership style by leaders in schools. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the leadership–behavioural outcomes domain that are significant to school leaders and recommends strategies that will enhance employee engagement. Key Words: Transactional Leadership, Employee Engagement, Teachers, Principals, Secondary Schools CITATION: Maundu, M., Namusonge, G. S., & Simiyu, A. N. (2020). Effect of transactional leadership style on employee engagement. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7 (4), 963– 974.

Process innovation and organizational agility in the banking sector of nigerian economy

Abstract: This study examined the relationship between process innovation and organizational agility in the banking sector in Nigerian economy. The study adopted a cross sectional survey research design. 36 top and middle managers from 18 Deposit Money Banks formed the population of the study and the 36 respondents were the size of our sample. Pearson Product Moment Coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The reliability of the research instruments with all the items attaining coefficients surpassing the threshold of 0.70 with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. The study findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between process innovation and organizational agility in the banking sector in Nigeria economy. Therefore, process innovation in the banking sector in Nigeria led to high sensing agility, decision agility and acting agility. The study recommended that there should be more emphasis on process innovation for the attainment of sensing agility in the pursuit of organizational agility. Keywords: Process Innovation, Organizational Agility, Sensing Agility, Decision Agility, Acting Agility CITATION: Ekweli, F. (2020). Process innovation and organizational agility in the banking sector of Nigerian economy. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(1), 81 – 93.

Influence of strategy formulation on performance of state corporations in kenya

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to establish the influence of strategy formulation on performance of State Corporations in Kenya This was supported by four specific objectives derived from operationalization of strategy formulation Target population comprised of managers of 187 State Corporations A sample of 77 managers was picked Primary data was collected by using questionnaires Descriptive statistics was used in preliminary analysis of data Inferential statistics was used to establish predictive equation and tests its combined and individual significance Results revealed that in terms of leadership, top management makes decisions in consultation with employees and there is delegation of authority and responsibility It was revealed that in terms of mission and vision the organization possessed a formal mission to pursue its objectives and also organization focused on what really matters to the stakeholders Firm resources indicated that firm are a learning organization and has a well understood culture by employees embedded in values Environmental scanning key aspects were ethic and tribal inclinations, cultural practices and management uses various sources of information to scan the environment and level of annual budget allocation to the organization and population growth rate The predictive model was fit for prediction as the explanatory power was 812 percent The predictive model was both overall and individually significant Environmental scanning had the highest positive influence on performance followed by leadership which had negative influence on performance, firm resources have positive influence on mission and vision statement The study concluded that State Corporations need to embrace leadership, mission and vision, resources and environmental scanning so as to improve their performance The established predictive model should be used for foresting performance in State Corporations More emphasis should be placed on environmental scanning and leaderships as they are key indicators of strategy formulation Manager should embrace strategy formulation so that firm performance could be improved Policy makers should put more emphasis on strategy formulation aspect as it has important impact on firm performance Comparable studies should be carried out in other sectors and results be compared for generalization purposes Key Words: Leadership, Mission And Vision, Firm Resources, Environmental Scanning, State Corporation’s Performance CITATION: Maina, P N, Munga, J, & Njeru, E (2020) Influence of strategy formulation on performance of state corporations in Kenya The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 623 – 647

Effect of diversification on loan default rate in non deposit taking savings and credit cooperative societies, kakamega county kenya

Abstract: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of diversification on the loan default rate of non-deposit taking savings and credit cooperative societies in Kakamega County. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The study targeted 255 respondents from 46 non-deposit taking SACCOs in Kakamega County. The study sampled 144 respondents using stratified random sampling techniques. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaire. Validity was achieved through expert opinions of the supervisors while reliability was achieved through Cronbach alpha. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively using frequencies, Mean, Standard deviation and percentage while Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple linear regression analysis with aid of SPSS version 23 to generate inferential statistics. The data was presented in form of tables and regression models. The study established that diversification has a negative influence on loan default rate. The study concluded that diversification influence loan default rate of non-deposit taking savings and credit cooperative societies in Kakamega County. The study therefore recommended that SACCOS continue to diversify their lending activities and allocate more funds to the productive sectors of the economy. This is because a well-diversified portfolio has a tendency of reducing risk associated with lending. Key Words: Diversification, Loan Default, SACCOs CITATION: Mutire, C. J., Kadima, J., & Juma, D. (2020). Effect of diversification on loan default rate in non-deposit taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies, Kakamega County Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(3), 867 – 879.

Determinants of successful implementation of donor funded health programmes in st. elizabeth mukumu mission hospital of kakamega county

Abstract: The main objective of this study therefore was to investigate the determinants of success of donor funded projects in implementation of health programmes in St. Elizabeth Mukumu Mission Hospital of Kakamega County. The study used the following theories in supporting the research variables; stakeholder theory, resource dependency theory and complexity leadership theory. A descriptive research design was used in the study. The study targeted administrative officers, Project Finance officers, Project internal auditors, Project accountants, the clergy (Hospital Chaplian) and sub county Aids and STI coordinators. Census sampling was used to select fifty six respondents. The study used primary data which was collected using structured questionnaires. Pilot test was conducted to test validity and reliability of data collection tools. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23) and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. For variable relationships, inferential analysis was examined and analyzed data was presented by use of tables and models. The findings established that there is significant positive influence of fund availability, stakeholder participation, leadership, monitoring and evaluation on successful implementation of donor funded health programmes in St. Elizabeth Mukumu Mission Hospital of Kakamega County. The study concluded that improvement of fund availability, stakeholder participation, leadership; monitoring and evaluation would results to successful implementation of donor funded health programmes in St. Elizabeth Mukumu Mission Hospital of Kakamega County. The study recommended that there is need of appropriate structures of stakeholder’s participation in the implementation of donor funded health programmes. The study also recommended that health facilities should consider institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation by creating monitoring unit and hire an officer responsible for the Unit with adequate resources. Key Words: Project Fund Management, Stakeholder Participation, Monitoring and Evaluation, Leadership, Donor Funded Health Programmes CITATION: Mulwoto, C. O., & Miroga, J. (2020). Determinants of successful implementation of donor funded health programmes in St. Elizabeth Mukumu Mission Hospital of Kakamega County. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 1350 – 1369.

The role of service agreement on the performance of agricultural state corporations in kenya

Abstract: The overall objective of this study was to investigate on the r ole of service agreement practices on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya. Specifically, this study aimed at: examining the role of service agreement planning on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya; finding out the role of contract administration on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya; elaborating the role of service agreement regulation on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya; and determining the role of capacity building on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya. The scope of the study was limited to the state-owned ventures situated in different parts of the country. Basing the research on the financial period 2018-2019, a total of 40 state corporations were examined. Open and closed ended questionnaire were distributed through drop and pick approach where all 40 target companies were given three questionnaires each to achieve a total feedback of 120. Data output, such as inferential analysis, multiple regression, and ANOVA were generated using SPSS. The response rate of the study was 80%. The findings of the study indicated that service agreement planning, contract administration; service agreement regulation and capacity building have a positive relationship with performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya. Finally, the study recommended that public institutions should embrace service agreement best practices so as to improve performance and further researches should to be carried out in other public institutions to find out if the same results could be obtained. Key Words: Service Agreement Planning, Contract Administration, Service Agreement Regulation, Capacity Building CITATION: Owuor, W. A., & Moronge, M. (2020). The role of service agreement on the performance of agricultural state corporations in Kenya. T he Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(1), 948 – 966.

Influence of supply chain management practices on procurement performance in the county government of bungoma, kenya

Abstract: The establishment of the devolved governance aimed at bringing resources to the local level and to improve the standard of living among Kenyan citizens. However, Kenya government still loses about one third of the national budget to corruption, with 80% of corruption cases presented before the Kenya Anti-corruption commission being about procurement. This has therefore led to poor procurement performance. Moreover, the process of procurement has resulted to loss of colossal amount money for both county and national governments as a result of supplier’s collusion, late deliveries, and ineptitudes in transactions, inadequate in accountability and transparency, inadequacies in keeping of records and conflicts of interest. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of supply chain management practices on procurement performance in the County Government of Bungoma. Specifically, sought to examine how supply chain collaboration influences performance of procurement in the county government of Bungoma. Descriptive research design was adopted. Two hundred employees constituted target population comprising of support staff, managers at middle level rank and senior managers. A sample size of one hundred and thirty employees was sampled by use of stratified sampling method. Questionnaires were deployed to collect primary data. Data will be analyzed by use of both inferential and descriptive statistics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24 was used to process data. The association between dependent and independent variables was established using correlation and linear regression analysis. The study established that supply chain collaboration have significant positive influence on procurement performance. The study concluded that supply chain management practices significantly predict procurement performance in County Government of Kakamega. The study recommended that County governments should ensure that is comprehensive framework that would ensure maximum supplier collaboration in the supply chain management as this would enhance procurement performance. Keyword: Supply Chain Collaboration, Supply Chain Management, Procurement Performance, County Governments CITATION: Mwangale, F. W., & Okello, D. J. (2020). Influence of supply chain management practices on procurement performance in the county government of Bungoma, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 167 – 179.

Influence of customer care system on service delivery in county governments in kenya

Abstract: The changing global business environment has also dramatically transformed the way public sector organizations operate. Consequently, new opportunities have emerged following elimination of old constraints. Central to devolved functions in County Governments delivery is the level of expectation of citizens. Citizens expectations transcend economic status, methods of service delivery, funding methods and geographical boundaries. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of customer care System on service delivery in County Governments in Kenya. The study was anchored on the administrative management theory of Henri Fayol. This study adopted mix method referred to as concurred-explanatory design. A sample of 431 respondents was selected by first clustering them into respective counties, stratified into departments from which purposive sampling was done to select respondents with the required information for the study. Data was collected using questionnaires that were structured according to the 5 Likert scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with results displayed using figures and tables. Inferential statistics namely correlation and Chi-Square were used to test the validity of the study hypothesis at 5 % levels of significance. The Karl Pearson Correlation coefficients was found to be r (398) = 0.584, p-value=0.000. The Pearson Chi-Square was χ 2 (16, N=398) = 129.78 , p=0.000< 0.05. This revealed that there is a strong positive influence of customer care System on service delivery that is significant at 5% levels of significant. Customer service systems in the county governments should be established so as to enhance personal relationships, reduce misunderstanding and conflicts, strengthen cooperation, reduce time taken to respond to customers’ requests and foster understanding. Key Words: Devolved system of Governance, Customer Care System, Service Delivery. CITATION: Kimilu, J. M., Mwenja, D., Kiambati, K., & Mbugua, L. (2020). Influence of customer care system on service delivery in county governments in Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(1), 827 – 833.

Assessment of the factors influencing performance of deposit taking saccos (societies) in machakos county: a case study of machakos town sub-county

Abstract: Savings and credit cooperative societies (SACCO, s) in Kenya have been in operation for many years. The cooperative sector has been able to impact significantly on the Kenyan Economy. The basic purpose of SACCOs in Kenya has been the provision of access to business capital to members of the public who are members of these cooperative societies. However, this expectation of the cooperatives has not been met due to factors like financial management inadequacy dynamics, the SACCOs policy framework and the SACCOs’ external environmental factors. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the factors that influence the performance of SACCO’s in Machakos Sub-county in Machakos County. The study was guided by major key objective namely; to investigate the influence of financial management capacity on performance of SACCO’s in Machakos Sub-County. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Performance measurement of the SSACCO’s was done using the balanced scorecard model. The model incorporated both financial and non-financial performance measures. The measures tested key perspectives of the balanced scorecard which included processes, customer experience and learning, growth perspective and financial measures to determine the performance of the SACCO’s in Machakos Sub-County. A simple regression model was used in this study to determine the level of relationships between the independent variables and dependent variable. Data collection was carried out using closed ended questionnaires while data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). The study findings were presented using APA tables. The findings of the study established that there was a significant relationship between all the variables of study and the performance of the Sacco’s in Machakos Sub-County in Machakos County. The findings found that there was a positive correlation between the SACCO’s financial management capacity. The study recommended that SACCOs in Machakos Sub-County to strengthen their financial capacity because it had a significant correlation with performance. Key words: Financial Management Capacity, Cooperative Society, Performance CITATION: Mbatha, C. L., & Muhoho, J. K. (2020). Assessment of the factors influencing performance of deposit taking SACCOs (Societies) in Machakos County: A case study of Machakos Town Sub-County. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 1416 – 1427.

Influence of pension fund management practices on investment performance of individual pension schemes in kenya

Abstract: This study intended to investigate the influence of pension fund management practices on investment performance of individual pension schemes in Kenya. The study employed explanatory survey research design and targeted 108 respondents which comprised of fund managers/fund administrators, actuaries/ fund scheme advisors and auditors from 36 individual pension schemes in Kenya; from where a census method was used to select all the 108 respondents. Primary data was collected by means of self-administered structured questionnaires. Data collected from the field was coded, cleaned, tabulated and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of specialized Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 software. Both descriptive and inferential statistics showed that all the study’s independent variables (financing management practice, investment management practice, financial control practice, asset base management practice) significantly influence investment performance of individual pension schemes in Kenya. The study concluded that one; well implemented financing management practices such as prudent financing approaches, cost management tactics, capital administration significantly influence investment performance of individual pension schemes; two, asset base management practices significantly influence investment performance of individual pension schemes in Kenya; only if mean asset base and its investment yield are well intertwined. The study recommended that one, fund and administrative managers of individual pension schemes should have prudent financial control practices while factoring in administrative costs in pension schemes so as to guarantee their significant influence on investment performance; two, fund and administrative managers of individual pension schemes should ensure effective utilization of mean asset base and investment yields so as to realize their significant contribution to investment performance. Key Words: Fund Management, Investment Management, Financial Control, Asset Base Management CITATION: Odira, L. A., Miroga, J. & Otinga, H. N. (2020). Influence of pension fund management practices on investment performance of individual pension schemes in Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 296 – 310.

Effect of housing improvement projects on poverty reduction: a case of shinyalu constituency, kakamega county; kenya

Abstract: The general objective of this study was the effect of housing improvement projects on poverty reduction of registered women groups in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya. Specific objectives of the study were; to examine the influence Housing Locality on poverty reduction of registered women groups in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya, to find out the effect of Housing Cost on Poverty reduction of registered women groups of Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya, to examine the influence of Housing Tenure on Poverty reduction of registered women groups in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya and to determine the influence of quality of housing on Poverty reduction of registered women groups in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya. The study used a descriptive survey research design on a population target of 284 registered women groups’ representatives. Data collection was done through structured questionnaires. Analysis of data of the study was done by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23) in order to solve concerned information of descriptive and inferential content based on descriptive statistics of (frequencies, percentages and means), correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results revealed was handled, recorded and analyzed in accordance with the objectives of the study. All the four variables had positive significant effect on poverty reduction in Shinyalu Constituency; Housing Locality had a significant influence on Poverty Reduction, Housing Cost had a significant influence on Poverty Reduction, Housing Tenure had a significant effect on Poverty Reduction, Quality of a shelter had a significant influence on Poverty Reduction. In terms of ranking as concerns the strength of impact strength on Poverty Reduction; Quality of Shelter was first, followed by Housing Locality, Housing Cost and the last was Housing Tenure. This study recommended embracing the house improvement projects by registered women groups in Shinyalu; Kakamega County. Key words: Housing Locality, Housing Cost, Housing Tenure, Quality Housing, Poverty reduction, women groups CITATION: Atsenga, Y. & Amuhaya, J. (2020). Effect of housing improvement projects on poverty reduction: A case of Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County; Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(3), 511 – 530.

Critical success factors in the implementation of e-procurement in the public sector: a case of rural electrification authority (rea)

Abstract: E-procurement is the technology-enabled acquisition of goods and services required by an organization at the best value obtainable. The goal is the right product or service, at the right place, at the right time, at the right price in the most efficient manner possible. This study was aimed at identifying the Critical Success Factors, CSFs, in E-procurement in the public sector which had helped to improve the performance of procurement department at Rural Electrification Authority, R.E.A. The research design chosen for this study was a case study. The target population was all the employees at REA. The sample size was about five employees from each department and about 60% of employees in the procurement department as it was the main beneficiary of the study. The sample size was selected using random sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire, which consisted of two parts: Part A contained general information about the respondents, while part B gathered information needed to answer the research questions. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings were presented in form of tables and graphs accompanied by detailed discussions. From the findings the researcher established that Stakeholder Participation, Government Policy, Monitoring and Evaluation as well as Capacity Building all had significant influence on the implementation of E-procurement in the public sector, as the correlation analysis revealed with all having a p-value (Sig. = .000) below the threshold of .05. Key Words: Stakeholder Participation, Government Policy, Monitoring and Evaluation, Capacity Building, E-procurement CITATION: Chigadi, E. K. A., & Gekara, M. (2020). Critical success factors in the implementation of e-procurement in the public sector: A case of Rural Electrification Authority (REA). The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 727 – 744.

Employee perceived supervisor support, narcissistic leadership and employee turnover intention: a literature review

Abstract: Although supportive leadership produces a genuine relationship between leaders and employees, resulting in higher employee job satisfaction and lower employee turnover intention (Pradhan & Pradhan, 2015), employees may perceive that many factors contribute to negative attitudes at work that increase turnover intention. Many researchers have established that uncivil behavior, toxic leadership, bullying and mobbing increases disengagement and absenteeism and negatively influence the leader-follower dyad and organizational performance. Narcissistic leaders have both positive and negative behavioral traits associated with them, which can be both prominent and damaging to the employees’ perceptions of their relationship with their managers, ultimately influencing their intent to stay or leave their job. Retaining skilled employees is essential for an organization’s success, but research has been mainly conducted through the lens of the supervisor instead of the employee. Based on the theoretical foundation of the leader-member exchange theory (LMX), the purpose of this literature review was to examine the relationship between the employees’ perceptions of supervisor support [PSS] and narcissistic leadership [NL]) on employee turnover intention [TI]. Managers and employees may use the information to improve employee professional development, promote safe and healthy workplaces, improve employee retention, and improve the collaboration of the leader-employee relationships, thus contributing to positive social change. Keywords: Supervisor Support, Narcissistic Leadership, Turnover Intention CITATION: Disque, N. A., Ph.D. (2020). Employee perceived supervisor support, narcissistic leadership and employee turnover intention: A literature review. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 426 – 455.

Impact of structural capital and innovation capability on firm performance, (case study of pharma industry in karachi-pakistan)

Abstract: For firms, modifications and changes are quicker than their speed in obligation and the ability for adjustment. On this competitive world of technology and changes, firms are faced with possibilities and threats. Consequently, every invention and innovation causes alternate that may create possibility for employer. Having the right structural capital and innovation capability mind is very essential. Organizations should develop their new products and share clean vision to decorate the effectiveness in their new product improvement and performance. The objective of this research was to analyze the position of Structural capital and Innovation capability on company performance. The majority applicable SC & IC areas including Systems and Programs, R and D, Culture, Knowledge and environment, Along with IC areas Organizational and Employees innovation, Product innovation and launching have been selected for the research. The primary data were collected from 100 employees from different Pharmaceutical corporations in Karachi using closed ended questionnaire on 5 Likert scale. Secondary data was composed from the published reports, research articles and case studies. For the data analysis objective statistical tools, Descriptive analysis, Correlation and Regression were tested through SPSS. Results indicated that all SC & IC practices were strongly correlated with the Firm performance. This research designated that companies exercise these practices efficiently on a broader level produces top performance. To endure and maintain for the prospect expectations, it is vital that the Pharmaceutical industry be supposed to put these factors (Structural Capital and Innovation Capability) into a practice for the improvement of their performances. Keywords: Structural Capital, Innovation Capability, Firm Performance, Pharmaceutical Industry CITATION: Abdirahman, M. D., & Tarique, R. (2020). Impact of structural capital and innovation capability on firm performance, (Case study of Pharma industry in Karachi-Pakistan). The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(1), 736 – 748.

Investigation of the impact of training and development on employee performance: a case study of beta insurance company, kenya

Abstract: This study sought to investigate the impact of training and development on employee performance: A case study of BETA Insurance Company in Kenya. Training is the continuous and the systematic development among all levels of employees, knowledge, skills and attitudes which contribute to their welfare and that of the company. It provides organisation, the employees with a caliber of increasing the organization’s productivity & profitability. The present study focused on the following specific objectives: to determine the current training and development initiatives in Beta Insurance Company; to determine the impact of training on performance of Beta Insurance Company; and to offer recommendations to Beta Insurance Company. The study was quantitative in nature applying descriptive research design. The target population for the study was the staff of Beta Insurance Company in Kenya applying stratified random sampling to achieve a sample size of 45 participants focusing on the following groups of individuals: top management; middle level management; human capital manager; head of department; and junior staff. Questionnaire was the key apparatus of information gathering with closed ended inquiries to get quantitative information as the examination was quantitative in nature. The findings showed that demonstration method of facilitation during training was both effective and efficient form of training. The study concluded that training and development has a clear relationship with employee performance. The investigation prescribed that Beta Insurance Company to set up normal training and advancement programs that are equipped for raising the aptitudes, spirit and profitability of workers. Employee training and development initiatives should be based on a systematically identified knowledge and skill deficit so as it maximize the effort of the both the employee and organization. The findings of this study would be of value to all insurance companies including Beta Insurance Company in helping them develop lifelong training and development strategies to remain competitive and relevant in the sector through effective training and development initiatives. Key Words: Training and Development, Employee Performance CITATION: Kimanthi, D. (2020). Investigation of the impact of training and development on employee performance: A case study of beta insurance company, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 167 – 188.

EVALUATION OF ADVOCACY DECISION MAKING PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF SACCOs IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY; KENYA

Abstract: Globally, competitive advantage of an organization depends primarily on how well its human resources are managed especially when the quality of the decisions made by the management is in relation to their development. Due to increasing competition, the organization is required to constantly revise its product and service mix and managerial methods to increase productivity. Decisions can be costly or beneficial depending on the approach to the decision-making process used and the quality of the decisions made. While the impact of erroneous decision making at the lower levels of the firm are at times costly, the situation could be more pronounced even catastrophic when the erroneous decision was made at a higher managerial level in the firm. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Advocacy decision making Practices on performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County; Kenya. Descriptive Survey research design was employed and stratified random sampling technique adopted on the target population. The study used self-administered questionnaires as data collection instruments. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 computer software. The results were then presented in tabular summaries. The results revealed that advocacy decision making practice has significant positive effect on performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County; Kenya. The study recommended that management of SACCOs are advised to consider the opinions of all interested parties prior to arriving at decisions that are bound to have strategic effects on the operations of those firms. The foregoing is likely to avoid conflict among stakeholders and in particularly the implementers of decisions made and also the parties that are targeted to be impacted by those decisions. Key words; Advocacy Decision Making Practices, Performance CITATION: Buluma, P. N., & Amuhaya, J. (2020). Evaluation of advocacy decision making practices on performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County; Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7 (4), 1108 – 1117.

Empirical evidence on the perceptions of msmes entrepreneurs on operational management knowledge, skills and business growth

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyse MSMEs entrepreneurs’ perceptions of operational and management skills and its influence on business growth in Otjomuise residential area, Windhoek. The study analysed the perception of MSMEs entrepreneurs’ operational management skills using quantitative research approaches. A sample of 16 owners, 29 employees, and 15 customers in the 16 MSMEs was drawn. The study found that MSMEs entrepreneurs perceived capacity building, financial management, customer service and marketing skills as the required operation management skills. Furthermore, they perceived c ustomer service, marketing and financial management skills as crucial for business growth. It was equally found that MSMEs entrepreneurs’ perception of the required operation management skills was misaligned. However, t here was an association between financial management skills as an aspect of operation management knowledge and skill and business growth . There was an equally significant relationship on the views of the MSMEs entrepreneurs on customer service as a required operation management knowledge and skills and business growth. The study recommended that MSMEs entrepreneurs needed capacity building training in operations and management skills to be able to manage their business operations effectively and achieve business growth. The study concluded that MSMEs entrepreneurs needed to have appropriate operations and management knowledge and skills to be able to achieve business success. The study further concluded that business operation and management knowledge and skills enabled business growth. Also MSMEs entrepreneur who had business operations and management skills achieved faster business growth. Keywords: SME, Operations Management, Skills, Business Growth, Business Owners, Entrepreneur CITATION: Nambira, G.,& Namene, K. (2020). Empirical evidence on the perceptions of MSMEs entrepreneurs on operational management knowledge, skills and business growth. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(1), 893 – 910.