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Showing papers in "Systems Research and Behavioral Science in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the requirements and key challenges for implementing smart factory, investigates available new technologies, reviews existing studies that have been done for smart factory and further provides guidance for manufacturers to implement smart factory in the context of Industry 40.
Abstract: The transformation from traditional manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing intrigues the profound and lasting effect on the future manufacturing worldwide Industry 40 was proposed for advancing manufacturing to realize short product life cycles and extreme mass customization in a cost‐efficient way As the heart of Industry 40, smart factory integrates physical technologies and cyber technologies and makes the involved technologies more complex and precise in order to improve performance, quality, controllability, management, and transparency of manufacturing processes So far, leading manufacturers have begun the journey toward implementing smart factory However, most firms still lack insight into the challenges and resources for implementing smart factory As such, this paper identifies the requirements and key challenges, investigates available new technologies, reviews existing studies that have been done for smart factory, and further provides guidance for manufacturers to implementing smart factory in the context of Industry 40

89 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper systematically analyse the technology of blockchain and its application in the financial and economic field, the status quo and the challenges it faces, and then give constructive suggestions to help the blockchain technology develop better in the economic field.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Ling Li1
TL;DR: In this paper, a curriculum structure based on system thinking is proposed for higher education in the context of Industry 40 and the benefits of sharing of global intellectual resource and top talents through transnational mobility and education joint ventures.
Abstract: To date, there is a very limited literature on the use of systems ideas and methodologies as a basis for developing curriculum or courses To fill the gap, this study has made several contributions by employing systems theory and thinking in analysing issues related to higher education Industry 40 is reshaping the future of education, which opens up our vision and makes us to consider what knowledge and skills students should possess after they have graduated from college, when to accelerate workforce reskilling and what is the building blocks and connections of education supply chain In this study, it is the first time the concept of ‘education supply chain’ is proposed and coined Furthermore, our research has led us to view educational systems and configurations, such as international mobility and transnationalization, as outcomes of enduring power related to industrial revolutions Finally, a curriculum structure based on system thinking is proposed We engage our inquiry with transformations that are happening around higher education and position our research on the benefits of sharing of global intellectual resource and top talents through transnational mobility and education joint ventures in the context of Industry 40

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a qualitative research approach was used by utilizing a case study of the automotive industry in Slovenia to increase understanding of the concept of smart factories system and its implementation in the automotive Industry in terms of addressing necessary changes in human aspect of system, namely, employees' competencies, as well as new job profiles.
Abstract: This paper increases understanding of the concept of smart factories system and its implementation in the automotive industry in terms of addressing necessary changes in human aspect of system, namely, employees' competencies, as well as to new job profiles. A qualitative research approach was used by utilizing a case study of the automotive industry in Slovenia. For the purpose of data collection, we used a semistructured interview on a sample of experts from governmental, educational, and private automotive sectors. In order to analyse gathered data, we used the method of content analysis. Research results indicate that significant changes are essential in the transformation from traditional to a smart factory system, especially regarding organizational mindset, the architecture of system and its processes, and the inclusion of Industry 4.0 technologies at all levels. Also, results indicate changes are essential regarding future job profiles and competencies. Although there are different perceptions about future jobs and competencies needed for Industry 4.0‐induced changes, depending on the sector in which the expert is employed, there is an overall agreement that job profiles related to programming, mechatronics, robotics, data analysis, Internet of Things, design, and maintenance of smart systems, process analysis, and bionics are the new job profiles needed in smart factory systems. In addition to the high emphasis on technical skill and knowledge, soft competencies are considered important, as well as competencies of continues learning, flexibility, creativity, problem solving, critical, and analytical thinking. Our findings possess important implications for conceptualizing job profiles and competencies in smart factories systems and practical implications for managers concerned with human resource management activities. We provide an outlook to the future job profiles that are underresearched, especially in the field of smart manufacturing. As well, our paper provides insight into the importance of different competencies recognized as crucial for complete functioning and optimal performance of smart factories system. This study provides a starting point for further research regarding human resource management issues in smart factories in the automotive sector, especially related to future job profiles and employee competencies, and their role in system performance.

65 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Li Da Xu1
TL;DR: The potential contribution of systems science to Industry 40 is discussed in this article, where the authors point out that systems science is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming systems complexity in Industry 40 and the surrounding industrial ecosystem.
Abstract: Industrie 40, also called Industry 40, represents the current trend of manufacturing industry characterized by high level of automation, industrial integration, and industrial information integration It mainly includes enabling technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber‐physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, industrial integration, industrial information integration, and other technologies Systems science has been emerged and well developed since the second half of the twentieth century From 1940s until now, systems science has been called systems science, systems engineering, systems theory, cybernetics, systems analysis, systems methodology, systems approach, and systems thinking Since its emergence, a wealth of research has produced an astonishing array of theoretical results and empirical insights, and a large suite of methods and techniques Systems science has been continuously, widely, and successfully applied to many subjects in natural science and social sciences This paper aims at discussing the potential contribution of systems science to Industry 40 As we approach the era of Fourth Industrial Revolution, this paper points out that systems science is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming systems complexity in Industry 40 and the surrounding industrial ecosystem

45 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show a common short- and long-term pattern between parenting styles and psychosocial development: the indulgent style equaled or even surpassed the authoritative style, whereas the neglectful and authoritarian styles were associated with low scores.
Abstract: Classical studies have found that parental warmth combined with parental strictness is the best parental strategy to promote children's psychosocial development. Nevertheless, a growing set of emergent studies has questioned the benefits of parental strictness. The present study examined parental socialization and its short- and long-term impact on the psychosocial development of adolescents and adult children. The sample consisted of 2150 Spanish participants, 623 adolescents (12-18 years), 619 young adults (19-35 years), 502 middle-aged adults (35-59 years), and 406 older adults (60 years or older). Families were classified into one of four typologies (indulgent, authoritative, authoritarian, and neglectful). Psychosocial development was examined with five indicators (physical and family self-concept, nervousness, empathy, and internalization of social values of benevolence). The results show a common short- and long-term pattern between parenting styles and psychosocial development: the indulgent style equaled or even surpassed the authoritative style, whereas the neglectful and authoritarian styles were associated with low scores. The present findings were discussed by considering the importance of the cultural context in family socialization. Additionally, the long-term impact of parental socialization seems to be crucial, even in adulthood.

43 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical framework that integrates safety principles, technologies and modes for safety management and industry 40 is presented. And knowledge graphs are developed with Citespace to explore the status of cross-topic research on safety management.
Abstract: Safety management determines and implements safety policy It is closely intertwined with industrial development As the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 40 presents new challenges and opportunities for safety management The paper identifies three stages, namely, Safety 10, Safety 20 and Safety 30, for the evolution of safety management by considering safety principles, technologies and modes A theoretical framework that integrates Safety 30 and Industry 40 is presented Furthermore, knowledge graphs are developed with Citespace to explore the status of cross‐topic research on safety management and Industry 40 Potential opportunities for integrating Safety 30 and Industry 40 are discussed

40 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors reviewed the key concept and implementation mechanism of Industry 4.0 and provided a key strategy for the transformation and upgrade of China's manufacturing industry, and proposed a digital manufacturing ecosystem framework to explore theoretical and practical significance of this strategy.
Abstract: Currently, many countries are striving to transform and upgrade their manufacturing industries. Manufacturing development strategies such as Industry 4.0 have attracted a lot of attention from both industry and academia. To provide a fundamental basis and reference for the development of China's manufacturing industry, this study reviews the key concept and implementation mechanism of Industry 4.0. After analysing main problems existing in China's manufacturing industry, this study provides a key strategy for the transformation and upgrade of China's manufacturing industry. A digital manufacturing ecosystem framework is also proposed to explore theoretical and practical significance of this strategy.

39 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Empirical evidence of family relationships in adolescents’ eating disorders confirms the relevance of relational aspects in the development and maintenance of the pathology.
Abstract: Background: Adolescents' eating disorders have been explored through various conceptual and empirical models. Only recently, scientific literature in this area has more specifically investigated the role of relationships, with particular attention to family functioning. Objective: This paper reviews family relationships aspects of eating disorders in adolescence. Methods: A narrative literature review of relational issues in adolescents' eating disorders was performed. Results: Empirical evidence of family relationships in adolescents' eating disorders confirms the relevance of relational aspects in the development and maintenance of the pathology. In particular, the contribution of the relational-systemic approach is wide, suggesting the need to refer to the family context for a better understanding of adolescents' sufferance. Additionally, the empirical contributions from the conceptual model of Developmental Psychopathology, highlighting the importance of risk and protection factors in family relationships, provides knowledge about the phenomenon of adolescents' eating disorders in terms of complexity. Conclusions: An integrated relational model aimed to explore adolescents' eating disorders is worthy of investigation to accomplish specific program of intervention.

37 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic literature review is presented and discusses a comprehensive list of potential factors that influence the implementation of Industry 40 and strengthens the idea that further research is necessary in order to address contradictory findings and to develop efficient Industry 40 implementation frameworks.
Abstract: Within only a couple of years, Industry 40 made the transition from a potential buzzword with an uncertain future to a serious manufacturing concept that is adopted by a constantly increasing number of companies However, recent studies suggest that corporations struggle with the transitional process or even hesitate to implement Industry 40 at all As a consequence, several investigations examined the potential factors that influence the implementation of Industry 40 Yet a comprehensive view of the issue cannot be formed because the findings are spread throughout a number of publications, and no single study has attempted to synthesize previous investigations Therefore, this study sets out to build a solid foundation for future research and to provide orientation for practitioners and governmental institutions by building a bridge between what already has been explored and by showing how the Systems Thinking perspective can help to get a better understanding of the complex nature of Industry 40 Based on a systematic literature review, this study presents and discusses a comprehensive list of potential factors that influence the implementation of Industry 40 and strengthens the idea that further research is necessary in order to address contradictory findings and to develop efficient Industry 40 implementation frameworks

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: From the perspective of intelligent manufacturing, combined with cyber-physical system, big data, Internet of things, cloud computing, industrial transformation and value chain concepts, the authors studies digital manufacturing, also called intelligent manufacturing.
Abstract: From the perspective of intelligent manufacturing, combined with cyber‐physical system, big data, Internet of things, cloud computing, industrial transformation and value chain concepts, this paper studies digital manufacturing, also called intelligent manufacturing. Intelligent manufacturing is explored from the perspective of the supply chain and industry chain. In this paper, other topics in the integrated big data‐driven intelligent manufacturing is also discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the availability of exercise equipment at home predicts behavioral decisions, namely, intention, planning, and habits with respect to participation in physical activity, using a socio-ecological framework.
Abstract: 'Shelter in place' and 'lockdown' orders implemented to minimize the spread of COVID-19 have reduced opportunities to be physically active. For many, the home environment emerged as the only viable option to participate in physical activity. Previous research suggests that availability of exercise equipment functions as a determinant of home-based physical activity participation among the general adult population. The purpose of this study was to use a socioecological framework to investigate how the availability of exercise equipment at home predicts behavioral decisions, namely, intention, planning, and habits with respect to participation in physical activity. Participants (n = 429) were adults recruited in U.S. states subject to lockdown orders during the pandemic who completed measures online. A structural equation model indicated that availability of cardiovascular and strength training equipment predicted physical activity planning. Social cognition constructs mediated the relationship between each type of exercise equipment and intentions. Autonomous motivation and perceived behavioral control were found to mediate the relationship between each type of exercise equipment and habit. The availability of large cardiovascular and strength training equipment demonstrated significant predictive effects with intention, planning, habit, and autonomous motivation. Facilitating these constructs for home-based physical activity interventions could be efficacious for promoting physical activity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was shown that it is possible to describe the structure of the relationship between cognitive abilities and academic achievement for all levels of schooling with a single model, and information processing speed is the key predictor of fluid intelligence, working memory, and number sense, which in turn contribute to individual differences in academic success.
Abstract: The relationship between cognitive abilities and academic achievement across schooling from the first to the eleventh grade was analyzed. Information processing speed, visuospatial working memory, number sense, and fluid intelligence were considered predictors of general academic achievement, which was derived from grades in mathematics, language, and biology. This cross-sectional study involved 1560 pupils who were in grades 1-11 at general education schools and were aged from 6.8 to 19.1 years (50.4% were boys). Information processing speed, visuospatial working memory, and number sense were measured using the Choice Reaction Time, Corsi Block-Tapping, and Number Sense computerized tests, respectively. Fluid intelligence was measured using the paper-and-pencil version of the Standard Progressive Matrices test. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were carried out. It was shown that it is possible to describe the structure of the relationship between cognitive abilities and academic achievement for all levels of schooling with a single model. In this model, information processing speed is the key predictor of fluid intelligence, working memory, and number sense, which in turn contribute to individual differences in academic success. Additionally, the specificity of the relationship between individual indicators of cognitive abilities and academic achievement at each level of schooling was revealed.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examining the efficacy of an adapted mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program that was implemented in a classroom setting in the Philippines and how mindfulness practice can affect empathy and self-compassion on senior Filipino college students aged 19–22 years old provides a promising groundwork for the emerging interest and research in Asia on how the practice of mindfulness can help with the mental health of college students.
Abstract: Attending college is meaningful for many young adults. This period is marked by physical, emotional, and psychological changes that can have both positive and negative effects on college students. The last two decades have seen an alarming increase in the number of college students who suffer from mental health conditions, such as depression, suicide, anxiety, and alcohol abuse. It is recommended that actions to support the students' wellbeing must be creative and evidence-based. Research suggests that a mindfulness-based intervention may be an effective strategy to address mental health conditions among college students. This study was done to examine the efficacy of an adapted mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) program that was implemented in a classroom setting in the Philippines and to explore how mindfulness practice can affect empathy and self-compassion on senior Filipino college students aged 19-22 years old. Two classes were used to compare the effects of mindfulness intervention. One class underwent the adapted MBCT program while the other class underwent the same kind of class without mindfulness interventions. Self-report measures of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Perspective Taking subscale and Empathic Concern subscale of Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Self-compassion scale-short form were administered before undergoing the adapted MBCT and after the program. After going through the adapted MBCT, college students' mindfulness significantly improved. Empathy and self-compassion also significantly improved after undergoing the program. This corroborates previous studies done on mindfulness and its efficacy with adolescents and suggests how practicing mindfulness can improve empathy and self-compassion with Filipino college students. It provides a promising groundwork for the emerging interest and research in Asia, particularly in the Philippines, on how the practice of mindfulness can help with the mental health of college students.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the entire scholarship of Industry 40 demonstrates three broad clusters, the implications of automation on industry, the integration of technologies and technological advancements driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Abstract: A systems perspective of an emergent field such as Industry 40 requires combining and analysing the entire multidisciplinary scholarship under one map Recent developments in scientometric analysis allow researchers to carry out complex bibliometric analyses coupled with an unstructured ontological discovery made available through thematic and ensuing semantic analyses to gain a holistic outlook on the ecosystem of Industry 40 The state‐of‐the‐art review of the entire scholarship of Industry 40 demonstrates three broad clusters—the implications of automation on industry, the integration of technologies and technological advancements driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution The scholarship output is, for the first time, compared with the leading industrial and policymaking institutional reports to highlight similarities and discrepancies This allows to propose a previously unavailable definition of Industry 40, which is much needed to progress the research further The three highly discrepant areas between academic literature and industry insights include lack of research into return on investment, lack of research involving policymaking, and the implications of technological development on the workforce, firms and countries It is imperative to drive research into the existent, as well as the highlighted, themes in advancing the knowledge and aligning the academic scholarship with the interests of practitioners


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is described how families are faced with an emotional vortex related to a never-ending wait, and how the mourning is solved only when the missing person is found dead or alive.
Abstract: This article presents the results of a qualitative study aiming to consider the relationship between ambiguous loss and anticipatory mourning amongst relatives of missing people in Italy Eight people participated in the research, narrating their experiences of losing a beloved person (one found alive, three found dead, and four still missing) Findings suggest the presence of a particular form of ambiguous loss, characterised by traits typical of both prolonged and traumatic grief These findings describe how families are faced with an emotional vortex related to a never-ending wait, and how the mourning is solved only when the missing person is found dead or alive The discovery of a corpse is traumatic but it allows mourners to fully recognise their grief When a person is found, it changes the relationship in a positive way When neither of these events happen, mourners have two different kinds of reactions: they experience either a prolonged grief or a drive to solve their suffering by helping other people (post-traumatic growth) In this study, it is highlighted how a community can be useful or detrimental in this process, and the importance of psychological and social support to prevent significant clinical outcomes is stressed

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pathway from interpersonal stress and/or FoMO, through insomnia, to compromises in mental health may be modifiable through behavioral interventions focusing on coping skills, sleep hygiene, and even technology-related habit changes.
Abstract: Introduction: The college years are characterized by psychosocial and biological phenomena that may impact mental health, such as heightened sensitivity to social stressors and compromises in sleep quantity and quality. The current study uses a biopsychosocial approach to examine the associations among interpersonal stress, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), insomnia, and mental health. Methods: Survey data were collected from 283 undergraduate students (90% female) with a mean age of 21.4 years. A path analysis was utilized to test a mediational model linking interpersonal stress and FoMO with mental health through a mediator of insomnia. We hypothesized that higher levels of interpersonal stress and FoMO would be associated with higher levels of insomnia symptoms, which would in turn be associated with poorer mental health. Results: As predicted, insomnia partially mediated significant associations of interpersonal stress and FoMO with mental health. The association of interpersonal stress with insomnia and mental health was more robust than the association of FoMO with these variables. Conclusions: The pathway from interpersonal stress and/or FoMO, through insomnia, to compromises in mental health may be modifiable through behavioral interventions focusing on coping skills, sleep hygiene, and even technology-related habit changes. Recommendations to help disrupt this pathway, particularly among college students, are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A systematic review of recent parent’s attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions regarding infant feeding, guided by constructs within behavioral models and theories provides updated findings to help inform the development of nutrition education curricula and public policy programs.
Abstract: A growing, global conversation, regarding realities and challenges that parents experience today is ever-present. To understand recent parent’s attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions regarding infant feeding, we sought to systematically identify and synthesize original qualitative research findings. Following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) framework, electronic databases were searched with a priori terms applied to title/abstract fields and limited to studies published in English from 2015 to 2019, inclusive. Study quality assessment was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist, and thematic analyses performed. Of 73 studies meeting inclusion criteria, four major themes emerged. (1) Breastfeeding is best for an infant; (2) Distinct attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of mothers that breastfeed, and those that could not or chose not to breastfeed, are evident; (3) Infant feeding behaviors are influenced by the socio-cultural environment of the family, and (4) Parent’s expectations of education and support addressing personal infant feeding choices from health care providers are not always met. This systematic review, guided by constructs within behavioral models and theories, provides updated findings to help inform the development of nutrition education curricula and public policy programs. Results can be applied within scale-up nutrition and behavioral education interventions that support parents during infant feeding.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative analysis of significant maturity models is conducted to identify generally shared traits of Industry 4.0 that are common to the majority of the analyzed maturity models. But, there still exist divergences in terms of their impact on the organizational units.
Abstract: The potential of Industry 4.0 concept is represented by increased productivity, improved cost efficiency, or higher product attractiveness. The adoption of this concept is related to a high number of challenges and risks. A possible solution to address these challenges and risks is the adoption or implementation of this concept using the maturity models. The maturity models use various approaches to Industry 4.0 with concepts and procedures varying in every maturity model. However, there still exist divergences in terms of their impact on the organizational units. This research conducts the comparative analysis of significant maturity models to identify generally shared traits of Industry 4.0 that are common to the majority of the analyzed maturity models. In addition, it discusses the impact of Industry 4.0 on the business informatics unit in organizations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using the cross-lagged panel analysis allowed concluding that the level of conscious self-regulation of the learning activity of the 4th graders significantly predicts their psychological well-being not only in the 4 fourth grade, but also in the 5th grade.
Abstract: This paper addresses the question of whether self-regulation capacities are a significant psychological resource of schoolchildren's psychological well-being. The study contributes to the search of significant predictors of the students' psychological well-being. Moscow secondary schools pupils (N = 239) participated in a two-wave longitudinal study, the procedure being made in the 4th grade and repeated in the 5th grade, six months after the first measurement. The results are presented describing the dynamics of manifestations of the psychological well-being and the conscious self-regulation of the schoolchildren during their transition from the primary to the middle school. Using the cross-lagged panel analysis allowed concluding that the level of conscious self-regulation of the learning activity of the 4th graders significantly predicts their psychological well-being not only in the 4th grade, but also in the 5th grade. The study revealed the specific regulatory predictors characteristic of different manifestations of the schoolchildren' psychological well-being. The obtained results highlight the significance of research on the conscious self-regulation of learning activities as a resource for pupils' psychological well-being, which is predictive for its maturation in the subsequent ages.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The COVID-19 ongoing pandemic constitutes a major challenge for countries throughout the world due to the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and devastating consequences in health and pregnant women are not the exception.
Abstract: The COVID-19 ongoing pandemic constitutes a major challenge for countries throughout the world due to the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and devastating consequences in health. No one is free from COVID-19 impact. In this regard, pregnant women are not the exception. The COVID-19 outbreak represents a massive source of stressful agents for women and their babies during the perinatal period. The COVID-19 pandemic has been suggested to potentially have short- and long-term detrimental effects on pregnant women and the baby. These adverse consequences range from mental to medical diseases. During the last centuries, several dreadful and fatal incidents have put pregnant women and their babies at higher risk of mortality and health deterioration. For example, it has been informed that women exposed to the 1918 flu pandemic (commonly known as the Spanish flu) while pregnant showed higher rates of premature delivery in the short term. Long-term consequences have also been reported and individuals (both males and females) who were exposed to the 1918 flu pandemic while in utero had a higher risk of developing schizophrenia, diabetes, coronary heart disease or cancer throughout their lifespan.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The finding that previous attitudes mediate the impact of the film complements the ideas of the contribution of individual differences to media effects and suggests the further task of identifying mechanisms of the sustainability of changes.
Abstract: Nowadays films occupy a significant portion of the media products consumed by people. In Russia, cinema is being considered as a means of individual and social transformation, which makes a contribution to the formation of the Russian audience’s outlook, including their attitudes towards topical social issues. At the same time, the question of the effectiveness of films’ impact remains an open question in psychological science. According to the empirical orientation of our approach to the study of mass media influence, our goal was to obtain new data on the positive impact of films based on specific experimental research. The task was to identify changes in the attitudes of young people, as the most active viewers, towards topical social issues after watching a specifically selected film. Using a psychosemantic technique that included 25 scales designed to identify attitudes towards elderly people, respondents evaluated their various characteristics before and after watching the film. Using a number of characteristics related to the motivational, emotional and cognitive spheres, significant changes were revealed. At the same time, significant differences were found in assessments of the elderly between undergraduate students and postgraduate students. After watching the film, postgraduate students’ attitudes towards elderly people changed in a positive way, while undergraduate students’ negative assessments only worsened. The revealed opposite trends can be explained by individual differences of respondents, which include age, educational status as an indicator of individual psychological characteristics, the experience of interaction with elderly people and, as a result, attitudes towards elderly people at the time before watching the movie. The finding that previous attitudes mediate the impact of the film complements the ideas of the contribution of individual differences to media effects. Most of the changes detected immediately after watching the movie did not remain over time. A single movie viewing did not have a lasting effect on viewers’ attitudes, and it suggests the further task of identifying mechanisms of the sustainability of changes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study presents the adaptation of the Self-Perceived Employability Scale to the Italian context and shows good psychometric properties of the Italian version in terms of internal consistency, construct and concurrent validity, with significant correlations with all the other measures.
Abstract: The recent transformation of the workplaces and labor market, characterized by rapid technological changes, social and economic instability, has greatly influenced the construction of people’s career paths. These paths cannot be viewed more as linear, but multifaceted and unstable. In organizational context, the psychological contract has changed from long term to short term. In this scenario, the construct of employability becomes central: people need to maintain and improve their ability to be attractive to the labor market to get or keep a job. The study presents the adaptation of the Self-Perceived Employability Scale to the Italian context. The participants are 660 Italian workers. The instruments used to verify the concurrent validity of the scale were the Employability Scale, the Flourishing Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Organizational Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale. Results showed good psychometric properties of the Italian version in terms of internal consistency, construct and concurrent validity, with significant correlations with all the other measures. The CFA highlights some dissimilarity in the scale’s structure compared to the UK version, probably due to cultural differences among the samples.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a family network or family 3.0 is proposed, which combines family business research, organization studies and systems theory to understand large-scale business families and the challenges involved in initiating, shaping and maintaining such networks.
Abstract: This paper's point of departure is that business families are permanently confronted with a dual function: They engage in typical family relations yet also have formal decision‐making processes for business and family strategy. However, large business families—which may consist of several hundred shareholders who own one or more family businesses—are confronted with an additional challenge. Alongside being simultaneously a family and an organization, they also have to establish and maintain notions of membership and modes of communication between distantly related shareholders. This we have called family network or family 3.0. The challenges involved in initiating, shaping and maintaining such networks require new strategic reconsideration in the family itself and an extension of the existing theoretical observations regarding family businesses, thereby establishing the basis for a better understanding of large‐scale business families. For this, we try to combine family business research, organization studies and systems theory.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This research concludes that antifragility should not and cannot always be attained; its feasibility is to be assessed at the start of a system dynamics modelling project.
Abstract: Highly improbable events can have a substantial impact on complex socio‐economic systems and are frequently difficult to predict beforehand but easy to explain afterwards. Antifragile systems can withstand and benefit from this kind of outlier events, whereas merely robust systems cannot in any case. Yet the aim to design robust systems is almost as old as the system dynamics field itself. This research therefore aims to investigate the extent to which an antifragile system design criterion is more valuable than a robust one. By means of an extensive literature review, a simulation model was constructed, which is demonstrated to be antifragile. Comparing the antifragile and robust versions of the model shows that the former—as theorized—yields more favourable results in an environment with impactful outlier events. Implementing antifragility in systems involves the difficult task of changing policies (and, eventually, the mental models) of decision‐makers. Consequently, this research concludes that antifragility should not and cannot always be attained; its feasibility is to be assessed at the start of a system dynamics modelling project.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This meta-analysis found that there was a significant effect of BT+Ex on depressive symptoms in humans, and exercise intensity and elevated depressive symptoms may play a role in the effect of exercise.
Abstract: Behavioral therapy (BT) and exercise are efficacious treatments for depression and anxiety when employed separately. The combination of BT and exercise (BT+Ex) may augment improvements but the combined effect of these therapies is not fully elucidated. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine if BT+Ex yielded a significant reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms compared to BT alone (BT). Randomized controlled studies published prior to September 2019 were searched among several databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, PsychArticle, and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials). Studies that measured depression and anxiety symptoms following BT+Ex vs. BT were extracted and analyzed. The effect of these therapies on depression and anxiety were analyzed. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of exercise intensity (moderate and high), exercise type (aerobic and combined exercise), and baseline levels of depression. The moderating effects of gender, age, and treatment duration were performed. Data were extracted from 18 studies (1686 participants, mean age = 47 years, 65% female). There was a significant effect of BT+Ex on symptoms of depression. The effect of BT+Ex was significant for moderate intensity exercise and elevated baseline levels of depression. Age moderated the effect for depression. There was a significant effect of BT+Ex on depressive symptoms in humans. Exercise intensity and elevated depressive symptoms may play a role in the effect of exercise.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that a single session of MBT-T was beneficial in reducing the perceived level of stress in both first-year university students and students attending a post-graduate program in psychotherapy, regardless of educational level and expertise in the domain of well-being.
Abstract: This study is aimed at evaluating the outcomes of mind-body transformation therapy (MBT-T), previously known as the creative psychosocial genomic healing experience© (CPGHE). The intervention was aimed at reducing the perceived level of stress in two non-clinical groups of students with different educational levels and different expertise in the domain of well-being. Whereas participants from the first group were first-year university students, participants from the second group were students attending a post-graduate program in psychotherapy. All participants (n = 159) were exposed to a single session of MBT-T, each group in a separate session. The results of two paired-samples t-tests, conducted separately on the two samples, showed that there was a statistically significant reduction in the participants' perceived level of stress between pre- and post-intervention states in both samples (t88 = 5.39, p < 0.001; t53 = 4.56, p < 0.001 respectively). The results, therefore, showed that a single session of MBT-T was beneficial in reducing the perceived level of stress in both first-year university students and students attending a post-graduate program in psychotherapy, regardless of educational level and expertise in the domain of well-being.