Showing papers in "Taylor and Francis in 2014"

Knowledge, Expertise and the Professions.

Abstract: Desde hace mucho tiempo se reconoce que el conocimiento especializado es el nucleo de lo que distingue a las profesiones de otras ocupaciones. Sin embargo, la situacion privilegiada de las profesiones en la mayoria de los paises, junto con sus reclamos de autonomia y acceso a conocimientos especializados, se ve cada vez mas cuestionada tanto por las presiones del mercado como por los nuevos instrumentos de rendicion de cuentas y regulacion. Las profesiones establecidas y emergentes se ven cada vez mas como la solucion o como fuentes de conservadurismo y resistencia al cambio en las economias occidentales, y los desarrollos recientes en la educacion profesional se basan en un modelo de competencia que enfatiza lo que los miembros recien calificados de una profesion 'pueden hacer' en lugar de hacerlo. que lo que 'ellos saben'. Este libro aplica las disciplinas de la sociologia del conocimiento y la epistemologia a la cuestion del conocimiento profesional. ?Que es este conocimiento? Va mas alla de los debates tradicionales entre "saber como" y "saber eso", y "teoria" y "practica". Los capitulos cubren una amplia gama de temas, desde discusiones sobre las amenazas a la base de conocimientos de profesiones establecidas, incluidos ingenieros y arquitectos, hasta las situaciones tensas que enfrentan las ocupaciones cuya fragil base de conocimientos y estatus profesional se ve cada vez mas desafiada por nuevas formas de control. Si bien reconoce que los graduados que buscan empleo como miembros de una profesion deben mostrar sus capacidades, el libro aboga por revertir la tendencia que difumina o colapsa la distincion habilidad / conocimiento. Para que las profesiones tengan futuro, los conocimientos especializados seran mas importantes que nunca.

Megacities and the Coast: Risk, Resilience and Transformation

Abstract: Executive Summary 1. Mega-Urbanisation on the Coast: Global Context and Key Trends in the Twenty-First Century Sophie Blackburn and Cesar Marques 2. The Environmental Impacts of Megacities on the Coast Antje Bruns 3. Coastal Megacities, Environmental Hazards and Global Environmental Change Andrea Young 4. Contributions of Coastal Megacities to Environmental Changes at Regional and Global Scales Sue Grimmond 5. Reducing Risk from Natural Hazard, Pollution and Climate Change in Megacities and Associated Networks Jessica Lamond 6. Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change and Development: Interaction and Integration Joern Birkmann , Nina Qaiem Maqami and Qingnian Yu 7. Case Studies Mark Pelling and Sophie Blackburn

Prisons, Terrorism and Extremism : Critical issues in management, radicalisation and reform

Abstract: PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Terrorists, Extremists and Prison: An Introduction to the Critical Issues, Andrew Silke 2. 'To Punish, Deter and Incapacitate': Incarceration and Radicalisation in UK Prisons after 9/11, Colin Murray PART II: RADICALISATION, DE-RADICALISATION AND DISENGAGEMENT 3. Developing a Model of Prison Radicalisation, Joshua Sinai 4. From Criminals to Terrorists: The US Experience of Prison Radicalisation, Liran Goldman 5. Does De-radicalisation Work? Considering Communication and Psychological Impact in Prison De-radicalisation Programmes, Kurt Braddock 6. A Time to Think, A Time to Talk: Irish Republican Prisoners in the Northern Irish Peace Process, John Morrison PART III: CRITICAL ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT, RISK ASSESSMENT AND REFORM 7. The Healthy Identity Intervention: The UK's Development of a Psychologically Informed Intervention to address Extremist Offending, Chris Dean 8. Risk Assessment of Terrorist and Extremist Prisoners, Andrew Silke 9. Violent Extremist Risk Assessment: Issues and Applications of the VERA-2 in a High Security Correctional Setting, D. Elaine Pressman and John Flockton 10. The Israeli Experience of Terrorist Prisoner Management and Risk Assessment, Sagit Yehoshua PART IV: KEY CASE STUDIES 11. Terrorism, Extremism, Radicalisation and the Offender Management System in England and Wales, Richard Pickering 12. Saudi Arabia's "Soft" Approach to Terrorist Prisoners: A Model for Others?, Marisa Porges 13. De-radicalising the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), Arie Kruglanski, Michele Gelfand, Jocelyn Belanger, Rohan Gunaratna and Malkanthi Hetiarachchi 14. The "Three Rings" of Terrorist Rehabilitation and Counter-Ideological Work in Singapore: A Decade On, Kumar Ramakrishna 15. Radicalisation, Recidivism and Rehabilitation: Convicted terrorists and Indonesian prisons, Sulastri Osman 16. The Red Army Faction Prisoners in West Germany: Equal treatment or unfairly tough?, Gisela Diewald-Kerkmann 17. Prison Policy as an Anti-Terrorist Tool: Lessons from Spain, Manuel R. Torres Soriano PART V: POST-RELEASE EXPERIENCES 18. Do Leopards Change Their Spots? Probation, Risk Assessment and Management of Terrorism-Related Offenders on Licence in the UK, Ben Wilkinson 19. Northern Irish Ex-Prisoners: The impact of Imprisonment on Prisoners and the Peace Process in Northern Ireland, Neil Ferguson

Social Ontology and Modern Economics

Abstract: PART I. The Cambridge approach to social ontology 1. A conception of social ontology 2. Quine and the ontological turn in economics 3. The scope of ontological theorising PART II. Traditions and projects 4. The nature of heterodox economics 5. Economics as progress: The LSE approach to econometric modelling and critical realism as programmes for research 6. An evolutionary economics? On borrowing from evolutionary biology 7. Structure, agency and causality in post-revival Austrian economics: tensions and resolutions PART III. Interventions in the history of economic thought 8. Smith and Newton: Some methodological issues concerning general economic equilibrium theory 9. Metatheory as the key to understanding Schumpeter after Shionoya 10. Order without equilibrium: A critical realist interpretation of Hayek's notion of spontaneous order PART IV. Methods 11. Methods of abstraction and isolation in modern economics 12. Applied economics, contrast explanation and asymmetric information PART V. Ethics 13. Critical ethical naturalism: an orientation to ethics 14. Realism, universalism and capabilities PART VI. Elaborating conceptions of social reality 15. Ontology and the study of social reality: emergence, organisation, community, power, social relations, corporations, artefacts and money 16. Open and closed systems and the Cambridge school 17. The nature of gender 18. Technological objects, social positions, and the transformational model of social activity 19. Technology and the extension of human capabilities 20. What is an institution?

Communication and marital infidelity

Abstract: Traditionally, relational infidelity has been defined in terms of sexuality. Researchers, theorists, and clinicians typically viewed marital affairs as including a range of sexual behaviors, but some sort of sexual behavior was seen as the defining component of these relationships. More recently, researchers have made note of the emotional or affective components of marital affairs. This chapter argues that extramarital relationships have yet another defining component: communication. Communication is central to the initiation of affairs, it affects the various relationships of individuals involved with affairs, and it influences how people deal with affairs once they have ended. In line with stereotypical sex role attitudes, men tend to report their extramarital relationships as more sexual, while women report theirs as more emotional. The researchers found that some of the cues were more diagnostic of sexual affairs, whereas others were more indicative of emotional infidelity.

Understanding Collective Pride and Group Identity: New Directions in Emotion Theory, Research and Practice

Abstract: Introduction Gavin Brent Sullivan Part 1: Philosophical, Conceptual and Theoretical Issues The Rational Appropriateness of Collective Emotions Mikko Salmela. Self, Certainty and Collective Emotions Gunter Gebauer. Emotions, Pride and the Dynamics of Collective Ritual Events David Knottnerus. Nationalist Libido: On Love and Circuits of Attachment Derek Hook. The Social Consequences of Collective Emotions: National Identification, Solidarity, and Out-Group Derogation Manuela Beyer, Christian von Scheve, Sven Ismer. Collective Pride and Collective Arrogance in Organizations Gavin Brent Sullivan, James Hollway Part 2: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Collective Pride and Related Emotions Collective Pride and Prejudice: A Naturalistic Study of the Effects of Group Pride Versus Individual Pride on Attitudes to Migrants Following a National Team Victory Gavin Brent Sullivan, Kitty Dumont. Happiness, National Pride and the 2010 World Cup Valerie Moller. Collective Emotions, German National Pride and the 2006 World Cup Gavin Brent Sullivan. Collective Emotions and the Imagined National Community Sven Ismer. Marketing National Pride: Commercialization and the Extreme Right in Germany Cynthia Miller-Idriss. Construction of Belongingness in Late Modernity: National Pride in Brazil from a Social Inequality Research Perspective Thomas Kuhn. Is Collective Pride Possible After Intergroup Violence? A Case Study of Kenya Following the Post-Election Violence of 2007 and 2008 Gavin Brent Sullivan, Rose Ruto-Korir. Developing the Capacity to Share in Collective Emotion: Research on Children and Young People's Perspectives Gavin Brent Sullivan. Summary: New Directions in Theory and Practice.

Governing Borders and Security

Abstract: This book explores and maps the relationship between borders, security and global governance. Theoretically, the book seeks to establish to what degree, and in what ways, traditional notions of borders, security and (global) governance are being eroded, undermined and contested in the context of a globalising world. Borders are increasingly being reconceptualised to account for connectivity as well as divisions, at the same time as focus is shifting from permanence to permeability. The ambivalence ascribed to bordering processes is at heart a security concern; borders are not only entwined with state formation but are also attempts at governing securities, identities and histories. Proceeding from a critical rendering of statist conceptualisations of borders, security and governance, the book not only emphasises the politics of borders, mobility and relocations, but also provides a shared groundwork for interrogating the spatial conditions for bordering and border work as manifestations of a continuously deferred becoming rather than being. A principal contribution of the volume is its scrutiny of how borders are enacted and perceived in and through the everyday, and of how such production and construal can make sense as acts of resistance to various forms of governing. Such a focus reveals the necessity of investigating how governing from afar affects the possibilities and tendencies to securitise as well as desecuritise, within as well as beyond elite settings. This book will be of much interest to students of border studies, human geography, governmentality, global governance and IR/critical security studies.

Working Memory and Ageing

Abstract: Logie & Morris, Introduction Angela Kilb & Moshe Naveh-Benjamin, The effects of divided attention on long-term memory in younger and older adults Anna Stigsdotter Neely & Lars Nyberg, Working Memory Training in Late Adulthood:A Behavioral and Brain Perspective, Irene E. Nagel and Ulman Lindenberger Functional neuroimaging investigations of age-related working memory decline Timothy A. Salthouse, Individual Differences in Working Memory and Aging Rebecca Charlton & Robin Morris, Structural correlates of age-related working memory decline Robert Logie & Mark Horne, What is and what is not affected by age in working memory Randall Engle, Commentary.

The puzzle of existence : why is there something rather than nothing?

Abstract: 1. Introduction: Understanding the Question Tyron Goldschmidt 2. Could There Be a Complete Explanation of Everything? Timothy O'Connor 3. Ultimate Naturalistic Causal Explanations Graham Oppy 4. Explanatory Power and the Principle of Sufficient Reason Shieva Kleinschmidt 5. The Principle of Sufficient Reason and the Grand Inexplicable Jacob Ross 6. Contingency, Dependence, and the Ontology of the Many Christopher Hughes 7. Conceiving Absolute Greatness Earl Conee 8. A Proof of God's Reality John Leslie 9. Metaphysical Nihilism Revisited E.J. Lowe 10. Contingency John Heil 11. Methodological Separatism, Modal Pluralism, and Metaphysical Nihilism David Efird and Tom Stoneham 12. The Subtraction Arguments for Metaphysical Nihilism: Compared and Defended Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra 13. The Probabilistic Explanation of Why There Is Something Rather Than Nothing Matthew Kotzen 14. Are Some Things Naturally Necessary? Marc Lange 15. Questioning the Question Stephen Maitzen 16. Ontological Pluralism, the Gradation of Being, and the Question "Why is there Something Rather than Nothing?" Kris McDaniel

Advanced Methods in Family Therapy Research: A Focus on Validity and Change

Abstract: Introduction 1 The Importance of Validity, Relationships, and Change in MFT Research LN Johnson, RB Miller Section I: Foundational Issues 2 Developing a good research idea RB Miller, L Pfeifer 3 Integrating Theory and Research M Davey, S Zeytinoglu, L Lynch 4 Measurement Issues with Couple and Family Level Data DM Busby, FO Poulsen 5 Ethical Guidelines for Conducting Clinical Research in Relationship-Focused Therapy SM Harris, K Wickel Section II Data Collection 6 Recruitment and Retention of Couples and Families in Clinical Research MM Olson, RB Miller 7 Using Questionnaires in Clinical Couple and Family Research DLinville, JL Todahl, ME O'Neil 8 Emergent Technologies in MFT Research CW Smith, K Maxwell, LN Johnson 9 Physiological Research in Couple and Family Therapy KD Gregson, SA Ketring 10 Electroencephalography (EEG) in MFT Research TS Parker, KM Blackburn, RJ Werner-Wilson Section III Methodologies 11 Cultural Adaptation Research: A Critical Opportunity for Addressing Mental Health Disparities in the Couple and Family Therapy FieldJR Parra-Cardona, M Whitehead, AR Escobar-Chew, K Holtrop, S Lappan, S Horsford, MD Rodriguez, and G Bernal 12 Randomized clinical trials: Putting MFT Interventions to the Test WH Denton 13 Single-Case Research KD Mennenga, LN Johnson 14 Examining Micro-Change in Clinical Populations Using a Daily Diary Approach JB Yorgason, LN Johnson, NR Hardy 15 Observational Research KS Wampler, JM Harper 16 Qualitative Research for Family Therapy JE Gale, ML Dolbin-MacNab 17 Mixed-Methods Clinical Research with Couples and Families ML Dolbin-MacNab, JR Parra-Cardona, JE Gale 18 Community Based Participatory Research: Where Family Therapists can make a Difference DRobinson, MM Olson, R Bischoff, P Springer, J Geske 19 Health Services Research: Optimizing Delivery of Care A Blow, C Marchiondo Section IV Analysis 20 Applied Statistical Analysis and Interpretation LN Johnson, RB Miller 21 Missing Data CM Wilson, R H Barrett, SC Stuchell 22 Mediation and Moderation: Conceptual Foundations and Analytical Applications JR Anderson, JA Durtschi, KL Soloski, MD Johnson 23 Dyadic or Systemic Data Analysis SBartle-Haring, LM McWey, JA Durtschi 24 Observing Couple and Family Relationships: Data Management and Analysis RB Seedall 25 Statistical Analysis with Small Samples RB Tambling, SR Anderson 26 Integrating Costs into Marriage and Family Therapy Research JD Christenson, DR Crane

Carbon Governance, Climate Change and Business Transformation

Abstract: "Transformation to a low carbon economy is a central tenet to any discussion on the solutions to the complex challenges of climate change and energy security. Despite advances in policy, carbon management and continuing development of clean technology, fundamental business transformation has not occurred because of multiple political, economic, social and organisational issues. Carbon Governance, Climate Change and Business Transformation is based on leading academic and industry input, and three international workshops focused on low carbon transformation in leading climate policy jurisdictions (Canada, USA and the UK) under the international Carbon Governance Project (CGP) banner. The book pulls insights from this innovative collaborative network to identify the policy combinations needed to create transformative change. It explores fundamental questions about how governments and the private sector conceptualize the problem of climate change, the conditions under which business transformation can genuinely take place and key policy and business innovations needed. Broadly, the book is based on emerging theories of multi-levelled, multi-actor carbon governance, and applies these ideas to the real world implications for tackling climate change through business transformation. Conceptually and empirically, this book stimulates both academic discussion and practical business models for low carbon transformation"-- "The book brings together new analysis from primary research on business responses and innovations to climate legislation, outputs from workshop discussions, and insights from leading low carbon business practitioners. Broadly, the book is based on emerging theories of multi-levelled, multi-actor carbon governance, and applies these ideas to the real world implications for tackling climate change through business transformation"--

Comparative perspectives on environmental policies and issues

Abstract: Chapter 1: A Preview of Environmental Policies and Issues Robert Dibie. 2. Environmental Concepts and Applications Robert Dibie. Part I: Developed Countries. 3. Environmental Policies and Issues in the United States Robert Dibie and Mary Bourke. 4. Analysis Environmental Health Issues and Policies in Western Europe Emeka Nwagwu. 5. Environmental Health Policies and Issues in Canada Emmanuel Iyiegbuniwe and Robert Dibie. Part II: Developing Countries - Africa. 6. Environmental Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa Robert Dibie. 7. Environmental Policies and Issues in Ghana Albert O. Assibey-Mensah and Robert Dibie. 8. Environmental Policy and Impacts in South Africa Robert Dibie and Kealeboga Maphunye. 9. Environmental Policies and Issues in Ethiopia Robert Dibie. 10. Environmental Policy and Issues in Nigeria Offiong Offiong and Robert Dibie. Part III: Developing Countries - Other Continents. 11. Environmental Health Policy in Brazil Robert Dibie, William Mello, and Galia Benitez. 12. Environmental Policies and Issues in Jamaica Robert Dibie. 13. Environmental Policies and Issues in Trinidad and Tobago Robert Dibie. 14. Environmental Policies and Issues in Belize Emmanuel Iyiegbuniwe. 15. Environmental Policies and Issues in Some Arab Countries Robert Dibie and Muawya Hussein. Conclusion. 16. Environmental Sustainability and Solutions Robert Dibie.

Rhetoric, ideology and social psychology: essays in honour of Michael Billig

Abstract: This book brings together expert accounts of Billig’s ideas on a wide range of issues in a single text. Each of the contributors explains the importance of Billig’s work for a specific area detailing its application to a particular social psychological problematic. In doing so, the authors also demonstrate the relevance of Billig’s work to emerging concerns in twenty-first century social science, including conspiracy accounting, moral exclusion, discursive psychology and European identity.

The endoplasmic reticulum may be an Achilles' heel of cancer cells that have undergone an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

Abstract: In a recent report published in Cancer Discovery we identified a novel vulnerability of cancer cells that have undergone an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and established that the PERK branch of the unfolded protein response is constitutively activated upon EMT. In this commentary, we summarize and provide context for our findings.

Asymptotic distributions of order statistics and record values arising from the class of beta-generated distributions

Abstract: In this paper, we show that both the class of beta-generated distributions GF and its base distribution F belong to the same domain of maximal (or minimal or upper record value or lower record value) attraction. Moreover, it is shown that the weak convergence of any non-extreme order statistic (central or intermediate order statistic), based on a base distribution F, to a non-degenerate limit type implies the weak convergence of GF to a non-degenerate limit type. The relations between the two limit types are deduced.

Computational Intelligence Techniques for Trading and Investment

Abstract: Computational intelligence, a sub-branch of artificial intelligence, is a field which draws on the natural world and adaptive mechanisms in order to study behaviour in changing complex environments. This book provides an interdisciplinary view of current technological advances and challenges concerning the application of computational intelligence techniques to financial time-series forecasting, trading and investment. The book is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the most important computational intelligence and financial trading concepts, while also presenting the most important methodologies from these different domains. The second part is devoted to the application of traditional computational intelligence techniques to the fields of financial forecasting and trading, and the third part explores the applications of artificial neural networks in these domains. The fourth part delves into novel evolutionary-based hybrid methodologies for trading and portfolio management, while the fifth part presents the applications of advanced computational intelligence modelling techniques in financial forecasting and trading. This volume will be useful for graduate and postgraduate students of finance, computational finance, financial engineering and computer science. Practitioners, traders and financial analysts will also benefit from this book.

International Law, Security and Ethics : Policy Challenges in the post-9/11 World

Abstract: 1. Introduction: Policy Challenges to International Law, Security and Ethics in the Post-9/11 World Andy Mumford and Natasha Kuhrt Part 1: Framing the Issue 2. Terrorism, Security and International Law Nigel White 3. Al Qaeda and Networked International Insurgency Andy Mumford 4. Ethical and Legal Reasoning about War in a Time of Terror James Connelly and Don Carrick Part 2: International Law and Security 5. Law and War in the Global War on Terror Rachel Kerr and James Gow 6. Security, Discretion and International Law Aidan Hehir 7. The Human Security Agenda after 9/11: From Humanitarian Intervention to Peacebuilding Natasha Kuhrt Part 3: Self Defence 8. Principles of Pre-Emption: a Commentary on Issues and Scenarios for Self-Defence in the 21st Century James Gow 9. Who Killed the Right to Self-Defence? Thomas Jones 10. Computer Network Attacks, Self-Defence and International Law Elaine Korzak 11. Conclusion: War, Law and Ethics Aidan Hehir

Incremental MapReduce Computations

Abstract: 1 0.1 Abstract Distributed processing of large data sets is an area that received much attention from researchers and practitioners over the last few years. In this context, several proposals exist that leverage the observation that data sets evolve over time, and as such there is often a substantial overlap between the input to consecutive runs of a data processing job. This allows the programmers of these systems to devise an efficient logic to update the output upon an input change. However, most of these systems lack compatibility existing models and require the programmer to implement an application-specific dynamic algorithm, which increases algorithm and code complexity. In this chapter, we describe our previous work on building a platform called Incoop, which allows for running MapReduce computations incrementally and transparently. Incoop detects changes between two files that are used as inputs to consecutive MapReduce jobs, and efficiently propagates those changes until the new output is produced. The design of Incoop is based on memoizing the results of previously run tasks, and reusing these results whenever possible. Doing this efficiently introduces several technical challenges that are overcome with novel concepts, such as a large-scale storage system that efficiently computes deltas between two inputs, a Contraction phase to break up the work of the Reduce phase, and an affinity-based scheduling algorithm. This chapter presents the motivation and design of Incoop, as well as a complete evaluation using several application benchmarks. Our results show significant performance improvements without changing a single line of application code. Distributed processing of large data sets has become an important task in the life of various companies and organizations, for whom data analysis is an important vehicle to improve the way they operate. This area has attracted a lot of attention from both researchers and practitioners over the last few years, particularly after the introduction of the MapReduce paradigm for large-scale parallel data processing [19]. 2 CONTENTS A usual characteristic of the data sets that are provided as inputs to large-scale data processing jobs is that they do not vary dramatically over time. Instead, the same job is often invoked consecutively with small changes in this input from one run to the next. For instance, researchers have reported that the ratio between old and new data when processing consecutive web crawls may range from 10 to 1000X [28]. Motivated by this observation, there have been several proposals for large-scale …