Showing papers in "Technology audit and production reserves in 2017"

Research of electrical properties of epoxy composite with carbon fillers

Abstract: The object of research in this study is electroconductive epoxy compositions with carbon fillers. Based on the porous structure of the filler, the technology of manufacturing composite materials in the form of films using ultrasound is proposed. The effect of the type and content of the carbon filler on the electrical properties of the epoxy composite is investigated. It is found that the resistivity in the direction perpendicular to the axis of formation of samples with content of thermally expanded graphite (normal and after ultrasonic grinding at room temperature) can reach 7.5∙10 -6 Ω∙m, while for carbon nanotubes is 5.1∙10 -8 Ω∙m. It is found that the percolation threshold for systems of epoxy resin – thermally expanded graphite is ~ 5 wt. %, and for epoxy resin systems – carbon nanotubes is ~ 1 wt. %. Research results of the effect of carbon filler on the dielectric properties of epoxy composite are presented. It is experimentally established that as the filler concentration increases, the dielectric constant increases in the polymer matrix. A sharp increase in the dielectric constant of research systems is observed with a CNT concentration of 1%. An increase in the dielectric losses of the orientational polarization is observed as the frequency of the alternating current increases to 10 5 Hz.

Strength analysis of lamellar graphite cast iron in the «carbon (C) – carbon equivalent (Ceq)» factor space in the range of C = (3,425-3,563) % and Ceq = (4,214-4,372) %

Abstract: The object of research is the structural lamellar graphite cast iron, where the carbon equivalent (C eq ) is in the range of (4,214-4,372) % and the carbon content (C) is in the range of (3,425-3,563) %. The aim of research is to describe the distribution of values of tensile strength of cast iron series in the factor space C–C eq at a fixed level of Cr-Ni-Cu-Ti alloyed complex in narrow ranges. To achieve this aim, there are the next objectives. 1. Build a workable analytical description of the impact of the selected input variables on the tensile strength of cast iron. 2. Study the response surface and identify the most informative point of the factor space for further detailed investigation of the microstructure in these points. It is shown that polynomial regression equation provides forecast accuracy, exceeding the accuracy using a linear regression equation in 1,23 times. An existence of a saddle point is revealed on the basis of the canonical transformation of response surface. It is an informative indicator, which suggests that the respective values of the input variables C = 3,492 %, C eq = 4,28 % when the content of alloying elements , form a microstructure that guarantees the value of cast iron tensile strength TS = 203 MPa. In view of the resulting confidence interval, this value with a probability of 95 % is in the range of TS = (193-213) MPa. Metallographic microstructure description in the saddle point is important and can be obtained by the development of modeling results. It is noted that there is a fundamental opportunity to improve accuracy and obtaining more precise description of the response surface – due to numerical building of D-optimal plan or artificial orthogonalization of full factorial experiment , inside the considered in this work

Minimization of Boolean functions by combinatorial method

Abstract: The object of solving the problem of minimizing the Boolean function in this work is a block diagram with repetition, what is the truth table of the given function. This allows to leave the minimization principle within the function calculation protocol and, thus, dispense with auxiliary objects like algebraic expressions, Karnaugh map, Veitch diagram, acyclic graph, etc. The algebraic transformations of conjunctors are limited to the verbal form of information, they require active decoding, processing and the addition of algebraic data, therefore, as the number of variable variables increases and the resource of such minimization method is quickly exhausted. In turn, the mathematical apparatus of the combinatorial block diagram with repetition gives more information about the orthogonality, contiguity, uniqueness of truth table blocks, so the application of such minimization system of the Boolean function is more efficient. Equivalent transformations by graphic images, in their properties have a large information capacity, capable of effectively replacing verbal procedures of algebraic transformations. The increased information capacity of the combinatorial method makes it possible to carry out manual minimization of 4, 5-bit Boolean functions quite easily.Using a block diagram with repetition in tasks of minimizing Boolean function is more advantageous in comparison with analogues for the following factors:– lower cost of development and implementation, since the principle of minimization of the method remains within the truth table of this function and does not require other auxiliary objects;– increasing the performance of the manual minimization procedure for 4-, 5-bit functions and increasing the performance of automated minimization with a greater number of variable functions, in particular due to the fact that several search options give the same minimum function.The combinatorial method for minimizing Boolean functions can find practical application in the development of electronic computer systems, because:– DNF minimization is one of the multiextremal logical-combinatorial problems, the solution of which is, in particular, the combinatorial device of block-schemes with repetition;– expands the possibilities of Boolean functions minimization technology for their application in information technology;– improves the algebraic method of minimizing the Boolean function due to the tabular organization of the method and the introduction of the device of figurative numeration;– the minimum function can be obtained by several search options that reduces the complexity of the search algorithm, and is the rationale for developing a corresponding function minimization protocol.

Modeling of passenger transport correspondence between regional centers in Ukraine

Abstract: Passenger transport system of Ukraine is studied for establishment of passenger correspondence using public routes between regional centers. The results of the analysis of existing methods of passenger correspondence calculation are found the inability to implement them without preliminary investigation of features of the systems and calculation of the actual values of gravity function. Empirical method is applied for establishing the parameters of quantitative index of gravity function. Unlike previous researchers, this approach for calculation of gravity function parameters allows to obtain new knowledge about the studied system. An opportunity to obtain performance parameters of the experimental system without the human factor and at any time is provided without the use of a manual or automated inspection means for passenger correspondence. Research results provide the opportunity to analyze the calculations of intercity passenger correspondence between regional centers of Ukraine on the general transport routes using a gravity model . Previously unknown parameters of gravity function are defined. This allows to predict the passenger correspondence in this system.

Development of methodological principles of support-preservation engineering work

Abstract: The object of research is the account of the peculiarities of color rendering in the process of publication preprint preparation. One of the most problematic places is manual color management, which is often done empirically, using simple tests and errors, which adversely affects the quality of the product. Methods of analysis and synthesis are used in research. The characteristic features of color are determined in terms of the work of the prepress engineer. It is found out that the main points which always need to be taken into account when conducting preprinting are the regime of consistent rendering of paint and the printing mode overlay. The technology of mixed color management is proposed. The result of the implementation of this technology ie the following recommendations: – for the creation of gradient fills and other similar effects with the transition «in white» as the final value of white, the initial mixed color with the value Tint=0 %; – to create gradient fills and other similar effects with the transition in «transparent» it is more reliable to apply the transition mode «in white» with the installation of the printing attribute with the overlay; – to create complex interactions between triads and blends should be used combinations of objects using the overprinting attribute. An algorithm for recording the characteristics of color rendering is created. As a result, the main contradictions concerning the use of color are resolved, and the methodical recommendations for the support of the prepress engineer are received taking into account the correct color reproduction. Automation of the process of determining the parameters of trapping is carried out. This automation gives the prepress engineer the following capabilities: – creation of a database, operational information files for color rendering; – obtaining recommendations for the analysis of individual objects at different stages of work; – further use of the information support system as a guide. This provides an active tool for maintaining prepress processes and getting some effects from the introduction into production. In particular, the productivity of the technological process of prepress preparation and its cost reduction may be increased.

Modeling of intercity passenger transportation system

Abstract: The modern state of modeling of intercity passenger transportation systems is considered. It is determined that the search for various options for technologies of interaction between the society and the transport industry is constantly at the stage of searching for the best possible methods of transportation organization. To assess the proposed scientific approaches, full-scale measurements are carried out on the route flows of passengers on sections of route routes. The approach to modeling intercity passenger route transportation systems is considered as original in the article, taking into account economic, social and organizational components. These components determine the overall efficiency of the transport process. Together with this, the above approach can be improved. To do this, it is desirable to consider in more detail individual subsystems by mode of transport and separately allocate night and day transportation. Practitioners note that with the same parameters of the trip, people feel differently the consequences of a day and night trip. This can lead to different requirements for the transport network as a whole. But the above algorithm allows to take this into account. The means for assessing the performance parameters of the system of routes for passenger transportation systems are explored. The sequence of formation of the transportation system of intercity passenger transport is proposed, which relies on the achievements of science and practice and takes into account the patterns of distribution of transport correspondence between cities from the transport network. The attraction functions between cities are complemented in accordance with the number of inhabitants and purchasing power. New information has been obtained on the modeling of transport route systems for transportation of passengers between cities within the investigated system. This is more advantageous in comparison with analogues due to the consideration of ensuring the social and economic characteristics of the population, the possibility of increasing productivity by optimizing the use of the route network and meeting the economic interests of the transport industry. This is more advantageous in comparison with the analogues due to ensuring the registration of social and economic characteristics of the population of Ukraine, a possible increase in productivity by optimizing the use of the route network, satisfaction of economic interests of the transport industry.

Application of super-sticking algebraic operation of variables for Boolean functions minimization by combinatorial method

Abstract: The simplification of the problem of Boolean function minimization by a combinatorial method is a new procedure for the algebra of logic – super-sticking of variables. This procedure is performed if there is a complete binary combinatorial system with repetition or an incomplete binary combinatorial system with repetition in the truth table structure. The procedure for reducing the total perfect disjunctive normal form (PDNF) of the logical function gives unity. And since the complete PDNF uniquely determines the complete binary combinatorial system with repetition and vice versa, this gives grounds to delete all the blocks of the complete binary combinatorial system from the truth table, whose structure allows to carry out the rules of super-sticking of variables. The efficiency of the algebraic operation of supers-sticking of variables greatly simplifies the algorithm for Boolean function minimization and allows manual minimization of functions with a number of variables up to 10. The complexity of the algorithm for finding the minimal function by a combinatorial method is O(n) and is linear for n<7. With an increase in the number of variables from n=6 to 8, the growth dynamics of the number of transformations is characterized by the law O(n 2 ), followed by the growth of O(f(n)) with the increase in the Boolean function capacity according to the polynomial law. The introduction of an algebraic operation of super-sticking of variables to the problem of Boolean function minimization is more advantageous in comparison with analogs in the following factors: – lower cost of development and implementation, since a significant proportion of functions are minimized by functions with a number of variables of no more than 16, and therefore, in general, the need for automation of the process of minimizing the function decreases; – increase in manual minimization of 4–10 bit functions, facilitates control and study of the algorithm for minimizing the logic function. The combinatorial method of Boolean functions minimization can find practical application in the design of electronic computer systems, because: – minimization of the DNF function is one of the multiextremal logic-combinatorial problems, the solution of which is, in particular, the combinatorial device of the block-diagram with repetition; – extends the capabilities of the algorithm for Boolean functions minimization for their application in information technology; – improves the algebraic method of Boolean function minimization due to the tabular organization of the method, the introduction of the shaped transformation apparatus and the rules of super-sticking of variables.

Investigation of organizational and management specifics of health tourism development

Abstract: The object of research is the processes of health tourism organization in the regions of Ukraine. With the aim of establishing the direction and essence of the processes of health tourism organization, the «health tourism» concept is clarified, the components and the environment of its resources are identified. As part of the study of the features of management aspects of health tourism development, the forms of its spatial organization – tourist destination and tourist cluster are considered. Destination and tourist cluster are considered as two systems to meet the tourist's needs: destination creates conditions for health tourism organization at the level of a particular region, forming a cluster in health tourism is aimed at supporting and developing a destination as a competitive local specific tourist product. In order to provide recommendations on the health tourism development in the Kherson region (Ukraine) , the current status is assessed, the advantages of the potential of the tourist sphere of the Kherson region are determined. The peculiarities of the formation of regional clusters, as such having a latent character, are revealed. The development of their potential will allow to combine all components of health tourism in a complex tourist product and to obtain a synergistic effect in ensuring sustainable social and economic development of the region as a whole.

Simulation of partial discharges under influence of impulse voltage

Abstract: The object of research is an equivalent circuit for a dielectric with a weakened insulation (for example, with a gas cavity) with a partial discharge. The test with partial discharge measurement by application of alternating voltage is one of the main methods of diagnostics and non-destructive tests. According to GOST 1516.2, the application of impulse test voltage does not necessarily end with a breakdown of the electrical equipment insulation or the absence of breakdown. There may be a partial breakdown of insulation, in which not all insulation of electrical equipment will be damaged, but only some of its part. It is quite difficult to detect such damage in accordance with GOST 1516.2, but registration of partial discharges will allow this to be detected by increasing their intensity. The use of existing technical means for measuring the characteristics of partial discharges at alternating voltage is not acceptable for the task in question. Therefore, it is preliminary necessary to carry out computer simulation of partial discharges when the impulse voltage is applied. A circuit simulation model of a dielectric with a gas cavity with partial discharge has been created. It is shown how, by means of a combination of various elements, to simulate the breakdown of a gas cavity. The operability of the model under the influence of alternating voltage is checked. It is confirmed that voltage harmonic distortions lead to an increase in the number of partial discharges. A study of the model is carried out when it is subjected to a full lightning voltage impulse. As a result, it has been established that partial discharges occur in the gas cavity both at the impulse front and at its tail. Diagnosis of the insulation condition using the measurement of the partial discharge characteristics under the influence of impulse voltage will be more informative. In particular, it will allow to detect partial breakdowns of insulation that occur during impulse tests and are absent in standard tests with application of alternating voltage. To carry out such measurements it is necessary to develop new techniques, equipment and diagnostic procedures.

Analysis of the de-dollarization problem in developing countries on the example of Azerbaijan in the conditions of geopolitical asymmetry

Abstract: The object of research is the asymmetry of interests in geopolitics between developed and developing countries. In the context of the global crisis, the issue of de-dollarization is relevant from the political and economic point of view. What will be the behavior of small oil countries in this situation is a big problem. Also for them the question remains: how to get off the oil needle in the most painless way? The method used in the study is analysis of the current situation not only from the macroeconomic, but also from the political point of view. Also, the ways of solving the above-mentioned problem by other states are examined in detail, and comparative analysis is conducted in the case of applying these methods to Azerbaijan. Recently there was a favorable situation on the world market for raw materials. Thanks to the global economic crisis, the «resource blessing» has turned into «resource damnation». This theory points to the interrelation between large revenues from the natural resources’ export and the weak economic development of the country, and reflects the suppression of market development and the decline of other economic sectors’ competitiveness, the increase of the national currency, inflation and unemployment. It is difficult to overestimate the role of oil in the economy of Azerbaijan. In Azerbaijan smaller proportion of employed in the industry gives more of GDP, reflecting the predominantly mineral-raw material orientation. The population is the main supplier of resources to the stock market world over. But for Azerbaijan, there no chance on successful development of this economic sector yet. In current conditions, Azerbaijan should treat the idea of de-dollarization more restrainedly. Today, especially during the currency crisis, it is economically unprofitable, not to mention the fact that Azerbaijani raw materials exporters need dollars and Euros to pay off their foreign debts and make purchases on imports to support the extraction of raw materials. The transition to manat, if it takes place, will sharply worsen the competitive position of Azerbaijan in the energy markets. Costs will increase significantly for importers, since they need to buy manat for dollars or Euros, to lose on the difference between the rates of buying and selling. In addition, they would have to spend money on insurance against risks of depreciating manat, and this would also be worth a lot, because manat is a currency, which rate is subject to very high fluctuations. The acquisition of fuel is often done at the expense of a loan. There is a very high percentage of manat loans. Here is one more extra cost for those who would have to buy Azerbaijani fuel for manat. When we force customers to pay extra, we lose them.

Investigation of the response surfaces describing the mathematical model of the influence of temperature and BeO content in the composite materials on the yield and ultimate strength

Abstract: The object of research is the dependence of mechanical properties (yield strength and ultimate strength) on the beryllium-based DSCM on the parameters of their operation (temperature regime) and BeO content in the composition of the material. Such dependence can be established on the basis of technological audit of the process, which has the ultimate aim of constructing an analytical description based on the results of production experimental data, for example, in the form of regression equations. Ridge analysis is chosen for the research. This method allows analyzing the received response surfaces and determining not only the tendency of the dependences of the material properties on the operation parameters and the characteristics of the material itself, but also to more accurately estimate the optimum values. The latter is particularly advantageous from the point of view of optimizing the operation parameters of structures made from these materials, and also from the point of view of the process of their subsequent disposal. Based on the ridge analysis, the values of the input variables (temperature and BeO content) are chosen, which allow obtaining optimal values of the ultimate strength and yield strength. This makes it possible to obtain sets of values of these factors that can be used in the manufacture, operation and disposal of beryllium-based DSCM. Thus, it is found that the optimum values of the yield strength, corresponding to a range of values from 130 to 200MPa, are achieved at t=456 °C and BeO content of 1.35 %, as well as t=528 °C and BeO content of 1.08 %. The optimum values of the ultimate strength, corresponding to a range of values from 180 to 250 MPa are achieved at t=384 °C and BeO content of 1.35 %, as well as t=326 °C and BeO content of 1.845 %. The obtained results allow to select the optimal performance characteristics of the beryllium-based DSCM, which will ensure its maximum efficiency and at the same time reduce the operating costs, which is economically advantageous.

Enterprises of telecommunications in Ukraine: research of the present state and directions of development

Abstract: The article contains the results of a comprehensive study of the economic activity of telecommunications enterprises in Ukraine in 2015–2016 and the directions of its development in the conditions of the global information and communication market. As methods of research, economic, marketing and competitive analyzes, a system approach are chosen. It is found that by the end of 2016 telecommunications enterprises had achieved higher indicators, their total income increased by 12 % compared to 2015, a favorable trend in the market for improving the efficiency of economic activity of enterprises appeared; while revenues of the segment of Internet providers and other telecommunications companies from the provision of Internet services increased by 48.5 %, which indicates an effective solution to the problem of access to the Internet and use of its capabilities by Internet users in Ukraine. The assessment of the state of the competitive environment and the level of monopolization of the mobile communications market and the telecommunications market in Ukraine as a whole is done by calculating the Herfindahl-Hirschman index. The mobile communication market is still quite concentrated, the competitive environment is poorly developed, and a moderately developed competitive environment has developed in the telecommunications market in Ukraine. Directions of development of telecommunications in Ukraine correspond to global trends and consist in the fact that in the emerging global market of infocommunication services integrated into the cyberspace of the Internet, telecommunications enterprises can successfully perform communicative functions. It is also revealed that the steady direction of development of the majority of telecommunications enterprises in Ukraine is the desire to increase profits through the production and supply of new Internet services and own infocommunication services to the market.

Investigation of Approaches to Modeling of Intercity Passenger Transportation System

Abstract: The modern scientific approaches to the issue of establishing passenger correspondence using public routes between regional centers are investigated. The results of the analysis of the existing methods for calculating the correspondence of passengers find the impossibility of their implementation without a preliminary study of the features of the system and formalization of corrective coefficients - the components of the gravity functions. It is established that at present in the world practice gravitational modeling is used for forecasting the indicators of interregional passenger transport correspondence.An empirical method is used to establish the parameters of the quantitative index of the gravity function. Unlike previous researchers, used for the invention of the parameters of the function of the attraction approach allows to obtain new knowledge about the studied system. Without the use of automated or non-automated means for examining the correspondence of passengers, it is possible to obtain indicators of the parameters of the experimental system without the influence of the human factor and any time interval.The obtained research results provide an opportunity to carry out calculations of the correspondence of passengers between the regional centers of Ukraine on the routes of general transport using the gravity model. Unknown parameters of gravity function are established in the conducted research. They provide an opportunity in forecasting the correspondence of passengers in the investigated system.

Development of a mineral binding material with elevated content of red mud

Abstract: The object of present research is the technology of production of mineral binding materials of low-temperature (Tmax=1100 oC) roasting of the romancement type with maximal possible use of waste from alumina production – red mud as a technogenic raw material. We employed as research methods a combination of computer calculations using the new software, modern physical-chemical methods of analysis and standardized testing of the properties of raw materials and binding materials. Based on computer calculations, applying the developed software «RomanCem», we performed analysis of dependence of the concentration of red mud in 3-component blends on the number of hydraulic module of the binder NM=1.1–1.7. We determined compositions of blends containing red mud of 27.0–27.5 % by weight (versus 3–5 % by weight in the technology of Portland cement) for the production of a hydraulic mineral binder at a maximum temperature of roasting 1100 oC (versus 1400–1450 oC for Portland cement) with improved indicators of strength at 18–22 MPa (versus 5–10 MPa for romancement). Effectiveness of our technique is defined by a comprehensive solution to the issues of ecology (due to reducing the volumes of waste accumulation), resource saving (through a replacement with waste of part of the raw materials of natural origin), and technology of binders (due to obtaining a product of the romancement type with improved indicators of properties). We demonstrated the features of phase composition and properties of the binders based on the systems of carbonate component with polymineral clay, quartz powder and red mud.

Modeling of Polygons of Maximum Passenger Route Transport Accessibility by the Example of the Transport System of Ukraine

Abstract: The state (regional) transport system is analyzed on the example of Ukraine. The road network of railways and highways of Ukraine is considered, which consists of more than 30 thousand arcs and knots. The models of the network studied are constructed using ArcMap geoinformation technologies. This provides a description of the network elements with geographical accuracy. One of the most problematic areas of engineering and in particular transport networks is the determination of their maximum potential performance indicators. Formalization of certain parameters determines the planning of technical indicators of flows in the network. Based on the results of the simulation of polygons of maximum passenger route transport accessibility for various modes of transport, it is determined that the characteristics of the model set of polygons are influenced by both the selected network model and the connection speed. It is proved that at the same speed of movement polygons constructed in different networks differ. This is due to the individual features of the networks, It has been established that within 1.5 hours of driving, a railway track with a speed of 68 km/h does not reach any nodes (cities) in both networks, and an automotive polygon with the same speed contains one node (city). A polygon constructed on railway networks with a ride within the limits of 1.5 to 3 hours contains one transport node, and automobile under these conditions – two. When examining a landfill that meets the transport accessibility by rail networks within the range of 5 to 8 hours, there are eleven transport nodes, and the automotive network in these conditions is thirteen. Comparing rail and road transport networks, it can be argued that the road transport network has a larger service area than the railway. The carried out researches can be used at the decision of questions of planning of time expenses and power resources in the course of transportation.

Improvement of IR emitter to create non-reflector dryer for plant raw materials

Abstract: The object of research is an improved flexible film resistive electric heater of emitting type (FFREHET) for creating a non-reflector IR dryer and vegetable raw material on the example of Antonovka apples. It is proposed to improve the FFREHET by spraying a resistive element based on current-conducting nichrome paste on a flexible electrical insulating film with additional coating on top and bottom by layers of a flexible electrical insulating film. Also, FFREHET is provided with drainages for connection to the power grid. The spectral-optical properties of the Antonovka apple are determined, namely the acceptable IR regions of its absorbing capacity (2.5...3, 6, 9 and 12...15 μm). This confirms the effectiveness of using FFREHET during the drying of plant raw materials. It is confirmed the low inertia of the FFREHET at a temperature of 60 oC with the heating duration τ / = 87 s, which simultaneously corresponds to the constant uniform temperature of the working surface and is characterized by a clear dynamics of operation. Non-reflector VC IR dryer with a vibrating mechanism and a heat exchanger is developed. Improved FFREHET follows the geometric shape of the working chamber of the device, ensuring a reduction in the geometric dimensions and simplicity of device design. According to experimentally obtained kinetics of moisture content for Antonovka apples, the shortest duration of heat treatment is 160 s -1 with conservation of BAS and natural color.

Information security breaches and precautions on Industry 4.0

Abstract: The object of research is fourth industrial revolution. The fourth industrial revolution has been a blend of technologies that lead to the creation of a «smart» and versatile «cyber-physical'» production environment. It has included various intelligent sensors, personal configuration robots, 3D printers, communication channels that is used for large data analysis and large data collecting. These communication channels have too many risks in terms of personal or public information security. At the beginning of this innovation period, legal regulations and standards have been ignored just as in the first, second and third revolutions. Cyber security has not operated in full capacity today because the technologies, concepts and protocols that used for the operations of industry have not been connected to each other. In this perspective, it can be said that in Industry 4.0 cyber security has been so important and it is the subject of this research. This study is intended to investigate information security vulnerabilities and measures in Industry 4.0. A security plan which is proportional to organizational structures for the identification of cyber security protocols for Industry 4.0 is proposed. With the proposed approach plans, information security can be ensured in Industry 4.0 and valuable information can be protected against attacks.

Influence of Redox Potential of Different Water Quality on the Human Blood

Abstract: The problem of influence of redox potential of water on human blood is considered and some of research results in this area are given. Results of clinical experiments indicate a positive therapeutic effect of water consumption with the negative value of the redox potential. However, the influence of salt content of such water on the human body isn’t analyzed. Distilled, tap and natural mineral medical-table water «Polyana Kvasova» (Ukraine) are analyzed. Distilled water doesn’t have drinking water properties. The value of the total salt content of «Polyana Kvasova» mineral water far exceeds the standard value of allowable salt content in the water. Tap water (Lviv, Ukraine) is characterized by physiological full value of mineral composition. All water samples in accordance with pH value, except distilled water, meet drinking water quality indicators. The value of the redox potential is most favorable to the human body for «Polyana Kvasova» mineral water. The source water saturation with molecular hydrogen and activation in electric activator can reduce its redox potential for negative values. Change of the quality parameters for activated water (catholyte) indicates their non-compliance with drinking water indicators. Quality of hydrogen-saturated water hasn’t changed. Water consumption with negative redox potential improves blood condition of the experimenter compared to the reference Consumption of activated water (catholyte) has immunomodulatory effect rather than an antioxidant effect. The powerful antioxidant effect of hydrogen-saturated water is indicated. Blood state close to ideal is observed after consumption of natural mineral medical-table hydrogen-saturated water «Polyana Kvasova». Saturation of water with hydrogen can be considered as a method of improving drinking water quality and, thus, human health.

Development of the Technique of Expert Assessment in the Diagnosis of the Technical Condition of Buildings

Abstract: The object of research is methods and technologies for diagnosing buildings using the tools of the theory of fuzzy sets. One of the most problematic areas is the lack of a system of intelligent diagnostic methods based on the accumulated knowledge of experts and current information on the condition of buildings. In the course of the study, expert assessments of the survey of the technical condition of the facilities are used as the basis for predicting their reliable operation. The technique of expert assessment is obtained in the survey of the technical condition of buildings. The proposed methodology has a structure that involves the formation of signs of damage through ranking, the formation of an expert group, the formation of rules for the work of the expert group, assessing the degree of agreement between experts, quantitative assessment of signs of damage. With this approach, it becomes possible to obtain reasonable results about the presence and extent of damage and the possibility of comparing the results with the initial ones that characterize previously conducted technical condition surveys. The proposed approach contributes to the certainty in the recognition of building structures in conditions of limited statistical data from instrumental surveys and inaccurate information based on directive research methods. In comparison with probabilistic approaches and methods of the theory of fuzzy sets, the approach uses the theory of measurements and mathematical statistics and gives confidence to the expert in substantiating the necessary assessment of the state of structures. In the developed methodology, the degree and depth of expert assessment of building structures with the purpose of bringing the entire system to a normal technical state is made through an intuitive-logical analysis of problems with qualitative and quantitative judgments and formal processing of results. It is possible to solve the assessment tasks in the absence of a part of important information.

Influence of features of the transport network pattern on the haul cycle length between its nodes on the example of the transport network of Ukraine

Abstract: The object of research is the road network based on the example of the existing network in Ukraine. During the audit of the main parameters affecting the performance of the transport systems, the mileage of vehicles is determined. It is established that road networks stipulate not only the actual distance between its nodes, but also the potential parameters of the characteristics of traffic of vehicles over the network. Disadvantages of road networks are their cost, limited bandwidth and pattern. In the course of the research of the road network pattern, the methods of network analysis and graph theory are used. A matrix of the shortest distances between regional centers of Ukraine is calculated. As a result of the research it is shown that transportation to Kherson, Odesa or Simferopol is carried out on routes that are on average 44 %, 46 % and 64 % more than possible if there is an appropriate road network. It is determined that the quality of the transport network pattern can be described by the straightness coefficient. The definition of the straightness coefficient of the road network is given. Calculations of the values have established that in the considered network this coefficient takes values from 0.24 to 0.64. The investigated road network offers the organization of communication between the cities of Kharkiv and Cherkasy with the straightness coefficient of the road network – 0.6.

Development of innovative technologies of fondant candies with synbiotics

Abstract: Confectionery products are an addition to food and their weight in the diet is about 10 %. However, candies based on sugar fondant consist of carbohydrates and are the sources of «empty» calories. In this connection, in recent years, the issues of confectionary functionalization become relevant.The object of this research is the process of formulating the fondant candies using synbiotic complex Functional ingredients in synbiotic composition are bifidobacteria and lactulose. Microencapsulation technology is used for «protection» of microbial cells from the effects of physiological and technological factors.Research on the effect of synbiotics on the structural, mechanical and chemical properties of fondant is conducted. It is determined that in test samples of fondant with increasing amount of lactulose there is a decrease in viscosity. It plays a positive role in candy mass molding by casting method. Experimental data on the content of dry and reducing substances in the finished product is possible to determine the optimum amount of lactulose.Biomedical research of fondant candies with synbiotics proves that they have antidisbiotic properties and are able to attach therapeutic effect at a dysbiosis.

Analysis of methods of regulation of silicon dioxide particles size obtained by the Stober method

Abstract: The object of research is the method of synthesis of silicon dioxide nanoparticles, namely the Stober method. Synthesis of particles with the help of the Stober process is an example of a sol-gel method, one of the most practical and controlled methods for obtaining controlled size nanoparticles, shapes and morphologies. The Stober method is a classical approach to the synthesis of silica nanoparticles, but in existing works there is no systematic approach to establishing a connection between such reaction parameters as the concentration of components, temperature and time of the process. During the research, various types of information retrieval and information research were used. As a result of this work, a survey is obtained that is able to solve the problem of systematizing the influence of these parameters under the conditions of the Stober process. Methods for regulating the size of silica particles are considered, namely, a change in: a temperature in a sufficiently wide range from 5 oC to 65 oC; TEOS/H 2 O/NH 3 concentration; quantity and thermodynamic quality of the solvent, as well as the effect of the reaction time. The influence of these parameters is considered not only from the point of view of changing the unit parameter, but also in combination with the others. The regularities of the particle diameter variation for the main synthesis conditions are established. The ways of particle synthesis by the Stober method from hundreds of nanometers to micrometers are shown. It is shown that for the synthesis of particles with minimal dimensions, a decrease in the concentration of the reacting components will be necessary: TEOS, H 2 O and NH 3. This makes it possible to reduce the rate of hydrolysis and condensation processes, as well as the solubility of the intermediate Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 4-X (OH) X ] , which determines the absence of supersaturation during nucleation. The determining factors for this decrease are the increased synthesis temperature and the use of more polar solvents. The results of the work can be used to control the synthesis of silicon dioxide nanoparticles for various applications, from catalytic systems to functional fillers of materials and in particular to the creation of superhydrophobic structures.

Effect of voltage harmonics on pulse repetition rate of partial discharges

Abstract: The objects of the research are partial discharge processes simulated under the influence of non-sinusoidal voltage. In the context of studying the effect of voltage harmonics on partial discharges, the total harmonic distortion can only be used for rough estimation. The reason for this is that the total harmonic distortion does not take into account the phase angles of the individual voltage harmonic components. Under non-sinusoidal voltage with the total harmonic distortion of 10 % and above, the intensity of the partial discharges in the insulation increases. However, at lower values of the total harmonic distortion, the harmonics can also affect the characteristics of the partial discharges. To solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out a study, increasing the number of voltage harmonics taken into account. To do this, it is possible to use the known three-capacitive equivalent circuit for a dielectric with gas cavity, making appropriate changes to the voltage source. The model was studied using voltage harmonic of the fundamental frequency together with voltage harmonics from the 2nd to the 30th order included. It was found that for the fixed amplitude the phase angle of the voltage harmonics has a decisive influence on the number of partial discharge pulses. In the presence of voltage harmonics, this number can be the same as under the influence of a pure sinusoidal voltage. It can also be 14.3 % less and 14.3 % or 28.6 % greater. In all cases, the value of total harmonic distortion remains the same. The possibility of using high-voltage reference inductive voltage transformers for voltage distortion measurements was studied experimentally. It was found that this is expedient for the region of the maximum value of the magnetic permeability of their magnetic cores, which corresponds to a range of 80–120 % of the transformer rated voltage. Mobile laboratories for checking high-voltage transformers on-site with the addition of appropriate equipment can simultaneously be used to measure a number of power quality indices.

Material flow management of industrial enterprise on lean principles

Abstract: The material flow is characterized as a component of the value stream, where a material form of production stocks changes to a finished product, while creating value for the consumer. The model of the material flow management of an industrial enterprise on the lean basis is proposed with the use of a process approach (on the basis of a set of agreed interrelated purchase/supply processes, production/processing, sales/consumption), a functional approach and a system approach (using specific lean methods within an individual management function) to ensure lean transformations in the material flow. The relevance of the use of a combination of lean production methods in the implementation of individual management functions (analysis - VSM, 5W, planning and organization - 5S, VSM, SOP, JIT, accounting - VSM, SOP, JIT, Poka-Yoke, control - 5S, VSM, Visual Management, JIT, Jidoka, Andon, SOP, regulation and coordination - VSM, JIT, SOP, Kanban, Heijunka, Kaizen) with the material flow of an industrial enterprise with a focus on continuous improvement of value creation for the consumer. The indicators of the effectiveness of material flow management are proposed, the key ones being: average days-in-inventory (days), level of reliability of suppliers (%), number of permanent suppliers (units), level of attracting new suppliers (%), level of vendor loyalty (%),age of accounts payable (days), average duration of the development of a new product (days), average duration of preparation for the launch of a new product in production (days), average duration of the technological process work hours (hours), average cost and unit cost of production (UAH), material consumption of products (UAH/UAH), material output (UAH/UAH), profit level per UAH of material costs (%), average duration of flow reconfiguration (hours), percentage of rejections for certain types of products (%),cost of rejection repairing (UAH), average duration of one order (hours), average days’ sales uncollected (days), working capital DAYS (day). In order to efficiently manage the material flow, the owners and top management of the manufacturing company need to revise the value stream daily, focusing on the future well-being of key players: suppliers and consumers, ensuring the adoption of joint lean management decisions in the "supplier-producer-consumer" chain.

Research of the oilseeds ratio on the oxidative stability of the protein-fat base for sportsmen

Abstract: The problem of improving physical performance and accelerating the course of recovery processes after physical exertion is one of the most pressing problems of medicine and sports. Nutrition is one of the main controlled factors that ensure the normal development of the body, health and quality of life. Nowadays the assortment of products is mainly expanded due to introduction of new technologies, application of new chemical compounds, development of genetic engineering. At the same time, daily food cannot provide the athlete's body with nutrients in the required amount. And, as a result, in recent years, to speed up regeneration, actively replenish spent plastic and energy resources, very often in sports use biologically active additives. One of the promising areas for improving the efficiency of athletes is the introduction in food rations qualitatively new food products that meet the needs of their body and at the same time have a long shelf life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the oxidation processes of the protein-fat basis, which can be used to organize the rational nutrition of athletes. The oxidative stability of the crushed sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, flax and mixtures was studied at various component ratios. It has been established that sesame seeds are the least susceptible to oxidation, and most of all – flax seeds. Among mixtures of seeds, the most prone to oxidation are mixtures that contain flax seeds and sunflower seeds. When adding sesame seeds to the mixture, the oxidative stability increases sharply. The optimal content (% by weight) of oil seeds in a protein-fat basis was calculated using the method of mathematical experiment planning in the software package "Statistica". The period of induction of oxidation of this mixture is 1.3 – 1.4 times higher than the induction period of sunflower seeds and 2.7 – 3.0 times higher than the induction period of flax seed. The use of such basis in food technologies, in particular the confectionery industry, opens up wide opportunities for expanding the range of specialized products for athletes.

Mathematical modeling of the process of fluid filtration through a multi-layer filtering element

Abstract: The paper presents a mathematical model of the fluid filtration process in a porous medium. The mathematical model of fluid filtration in a porous medium is based on the equation of continuity and the Darcy law for a hollow porous cylinder. The porous cylinder consists of three materials having different mechanical and filtration properties, made of polypropylene fibers by extrusion, consisting of seven layers. Filtration is described by different types of research laws that establish the relationship between a velocity vector of the fluid filtration and the field of pressure. There are several ways to describe mathematically the process of filter colmatation. Present work considers a single-component model of the flow of suspension through a porous medium. An analysis of this model revealed that it can be implemented in the presence of empirical coefficients that take into account porosity of the sediment deposited on the walls of a porous space, linear functions that describe adsorption and desorption of precipitation on the pore walls, as well as functional dependences for the permeability of filter and the viscosity of suspension. An efficient technique to calculate complex models is to apply parallel programming methods, which make it possible to split calculations into streams performed on the basis of supercomputers, clusters, and other high-performance computing systems. The proposed method for organizing distributed calculations for a finite-element filter model could be used to construct a hydrodynamic model of the filtration process, as well as its program implementation, which is planned in the future.

Organization of operational and strategic controlling in integrated accounting system

Abstract: Controlling is one of the most effective tools of the enterprise management system in the context of neutralizing hazards, threats, risks and ensuring the economic security of the enterprise. The aim of the article is determination of the place, role and importance of controlling (in particular, strategic and operational) in the enterprise management system, including through the prism of research into the use of controlling tools in the context of its sub-spheres. In the process of research, general scientific methods and specific methods of economic analysis are applied. It has been established that the controlling procedures that are carried out to support the management of an enterprise must be carried out using a system of analytical tools, and a clear relationship between the tasks (sub-spheres) of controlling and the tools that provide their solutions should be established. Strategic controlling coordinates the functions of strategic planning, control and strategic information management system. The objective is ensuring the long-term successful operation of the enterprise. The task of strategic controlling is maintenance and support of a strategic plan for ensuring its viability. Operational controlling involves creating and maintaining the level of efficiency of the system achieving the current local objectives of the company, managing the efficiency of the enterprise. This kind of controlling has its own peculiarities in the controlling system: focused on operational (current) planning; is the basis for the success of strategic controlling and strategic planning. Controlling affects the course of economic processes, the effectiveness of the use of economic means and the introduction and maintenance of certain areas of activity, but the object of controlling management processes. As a result of the research, the author proposes a system that includes about 20 analytical tools, many of which are used in management accounting, management and marketing. Along with this, the system introduces tools developed by the author independently or those that represent a modification of existing tools for specific sub-spheres of controlling.

Microstructural studies of improved meat chopped semi-finished products

Abstract: In many countries of the world, including in Ukraine, there is insufficient provision of the population with protein foods. So, the deficit of protein in the diet of the population of Ukraine is at least 25 %. Dishes made from chopped meat cutlets for energy value is necessary for human nutrition. However, at present, close attention is paid to the principles of healthy nutrition based on a balanced food composition, the presence in it of all the substances and elements necessary for maintaining the health and vitality of the body. Therefore, it is proposed to introduce into the meat cut semi-finished products the powder of the elecampane root and the white lupine flour. Essential oil of a complex composition (lactones, alantol and proazulen) contains in the rhizomes and roots of elecampane. In addition to essential oil, inulin is found (up to 44 %), inulinen, pseudoinulin, acetic and benzoic acids . And also elecampane stimulates the reproduction of the population of the necessary bifidobacteria in the large intestine. Lupine flour is rich in proteins and dietary fiber. Improved ground beef with replace 5 %, 10 %, 15 % of the meat portion of lupine flour and the addition of 0.5 % of elecampane root powder and a control sample of ground beef are considered. For microscopic examination, the material of the minced meat is labeled and fixed in a 10 % neutral formalin solution. On the sledge microtome, sections 0.5–1 cm thick are made dyed with hematoxylin and eosin – periodic acid Schiff reaction . Histological studies have shown for the periodic acid Schiff reaction the content of meat and vegetable parts in the developed semi-finished product. By hematoxylin and eosin, the percentage composition of the minced meat is determined. So, thanks to the development of functional meat chopped products, it is possible to achieve health-rational nutrition. The introduction of the elecampane root helps restore the strength and health of people, and lupine flour allows the product to be enriched with proteins.

Mathematical modeling of operating modes of underground gas storage facilities

Abstract: Underground gas storage facilities (UGS) are considered, which are technologically inseparable objects of a single gas transportation system (GTS) and provide reliable supply and gas transit. The system analysis of the problems arising in the process of UGS operation, as a separate technological facility, and as part of the gas transportation system, led to the search for ways to solve them. The existing methodological support, which has been transferred from gas production without changes, and metrological support does not provide high-quality information support for dispatching systems. Now most of the existing problems with the least resource costs can be solved by means of modeling and optimization. To this end, mathematical models of all the main technological objects involved in the process of injecting into reservoirs and withdrawing from gas layers are proposed. The models are adapted to real data – the values of the gas flow parameters in the area of their possible change. The process of constructing an integrated model and its analysis shows the instability of the work of the implemented methods at the junction of heterogeneous objects (instability of the process of «cross-linking» the parameters of gas-dynamic processes) to ensure, with a given accuracy, the equality of balance equations. In order to avoid this effect, new methods for solving systems with different mathematical representations of the equations are proposed, ensuring a stable obtaining of the result with guaranteed accuracy. In addition, a method for solving systems of equations is implemented, the matrix of the numerical model of the reservoir is sparse (contains a large number of zeros), which allowed to speed up the process of obtaining results by several orders of magnitude. To simulate compressor stations, an imitation (algorithmic) model is proposed. This approach makes it possible to take into account the actual state of each gas compressor unit and set optimization tasks according to the criteria for the stability of the compressor station and its optimality by the energy criterion.