Showing papers in "The American Historical Review in 1984"
TL;DR: A comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems is given in this paper, where the Dexter Prize winner describes large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.
Abstract: Awarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology, this book offers a comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems. It described large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.
1,588 citations
TL;DR: Simonton examines uncommon people; those creators and leaders whose impact on their own and later times has been so great that they deserve the label "genius" as discussed by the authors, which is defined as:
Abstract: Dean Keith Simonton examines uncommon people; those creators and leaders whose impact on their own and later times has been so great that they deserve the label "genius".
529 citations
TL;DR: Skocpol as discussed by the authors presents a bibliography on methods of comparative and historical sociology with an annotated bibliography of methods of historical sociology and their applications in the field of social science.
Abstract: Preface 1. Sociology's historical imagination Theda Skocpol 2. The social and historical landscape of Marc Bloch Daniel Chirot 3. Beyond the economistic fallacy: the holistic social science of Karl Polanyi Fred Block and Margaret R. Somers 4. Configurations in history: the historical sociology of S. N. Eisenstadt Gary G. Hamilton 5. Theoretical generalization and historical particularity in the comparative sociology of Reinhard Bendix Dietrich Rueschmeyer 6. Destined pathways: the historical sociology of Perry Anderson Mary Fulbrook and Theda Skocpol 7. E. P. Thompson: understanding the process of history Ellen Kay Trimberger 8. Charles Tilly's collective action Lynn Hunt 9. The world system of Immanuel Wallerstein: sociology and politics as history Charles Ragin and Daniel Chirot 10. Discovering facts and values: the historical sociology of Barrington Moore Dennis Smith 11. Emerging agendas and recurrent strategies in historical sociology Theda Skocpol An annotated bibliography on methods of comparative and historical sociology Notes on the contributors.
486 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of literacy on eleventh and twelfth-century life and though on social organization, on the criticism of ritual and symbol, on rise of empirical attitudes, and on the relationship between language and reality is explored.
Abstract: This book explores the influence of literacy on eleventh and twelfth-century life and though on social organization, on the criticism of ritual and symbol, on the rise of empirical attitudes, on the relationship between language and reality, and on the broad interaction between ideas and society. Medieval and early modern literacy, Brian Stock argues, did not simply supersede oral discourse but created a new type of interdependence between the oral and the written. If, on the surface, medieval culture was largely oral, texts nonetheless emerged as a reference system both for everyday activities and for giving shape to larger vehicles of interpretation. Even when texts were not actually present, people often acted and behaved as if they were. The book uses methods derived from anthropology, from literary theory, and from historical research, and is divided into five chapters. The first treats the growth and shape of medieval literacy itself. Theo other four look afresh at some of the period's major issues--heresy, reform, the Eucharistic controversy, the thought of Anselm, Abelard, and St. Bernard, together with the interpretation of contemporary experience--in the light of literacy's development. The study concludes that written language was the chief integrating instrument for diverse cultural achievements.
435 citations
TL;DR: Kerber et al. as mentioned in this paper show that women's political participation took place in the context of the home, but the important point is that the home was a basis for political action, and women combined political activity, domesticity, and republican thought through motherhood.
Abstract: Women's political participation took place in the context of the home, but the important point is that the home was a basis for political action. As Linda K. Kerber and Mary Beth Norton have shown, the political involvement of women through the private sphere took new forms by the beginning of the nineteenth century. Women combined political activity, domesticity, and republican thought through motherhood. Although outside of formal politics, mothering was crucial: by raising civic-minded, virtuous sons, they insured the survival of the republic. Much work on women's political involvement is necessary before we can fully understand the connections between women's activities and American politics. Attention to the interaction between women's political activities and the political system itself can tell us much about the position of women in the nineteenth century. In addition, it can provide a new understanding of the political society in which women worked—and which they helped change.
347 citations
259 citations
200 citations
158 citations
TL;DR: The Republic of St. Peter as mentioned in this paper was an independent political entity that was in existence by the 730s and was not a creation of the Franks in the 750s, as claimed by Noble.
Abstract: The Republic of St. Peter seeks to reclaim for central Italy an important part of its own history. Noble's thesis is at once original and controversial: that the Republic, an independent political entity, was in existence by the 730s and was not a creation of the Franks in the 750s. Noble examines the political, economic, and religious problems that impelled the central Italians--and a succession of resolute popes--to seek emancipation from the Byzantine Empire. He delineates the social structures and historical traditions that produced a distinctive political society, describes the complete governmental apparatus of the Republic, and provides a comprehensive assessment of the Franco-papal alliance.
156 citations
TL;DR: The Darul Islam rebellion, striving for the establishment of an Islamic State of Indonesia, broke out in several areas since 1949 as discussed by the authors, and identified some of the factors which may help to explain their outbreak and persistence.
Abstract: The Darul Islam rebellion , striving for the establishment of an Islamic State of Indonesia, broke out in several areas since 1949. The author describes each of these Darul Islam rebellions and identifies some of the factors which may help to explain their outbreak and persistence.
151 citations
TL;DR: The interrelationships among depopulation nationalism and feminism in France at the end of the nineteenth century are explored and French feminists emphasized womens roles as wives and mothers in order to avoid a conflict with mens concern over the population problem.
Abstract: The interrelationships among depopulation nationalism and feminism in France at the end of the nineteenth century are explored. Attention is given to the decline in the birth rate at that time the nationalist fears that such a decline would have serious implications for Frances role as a world power and the potential conflict between nationalist fears and the growing feminist movement. It is noted that French feminists emphasized womens roles as wives and mothers in order to avoid a conflict with mens concern over the population problem and also to promote desired legal reforms in the absence of the vote.
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TL;DR: The Histoire des approches du temps as mentioned in this paper is a collection of approches to the nature of the temps, and it can be seen as a kind of history.
Abstract: Ce que tout historien devrait savoir de sa matiere premiere, le temps, qu'il interroge rarement, et des instruments conceptuels qui lui permettent de le penser, qu'il suppose trop souvent, et a tort, naturels : ainsi pourrait-on definir l'ambition et la fonction de ce livre.
Evenement, cycle, structure : autant de categories fondamentales, autant de mises en ordre du temps, qui ont elles-memes une histoire. Elle est ici ressaisie de concert avec l'histoire la plus concrete de la mesure du temps, comme avec l'histoire la plus abstraite de la reflexion sur la nature du temps. Histoire totale, donc, embrassant aussi bien la Critique de la raison pure que la diversite des calendriers, la production des montres, les effets de la decouverte des elements radioactifs ou les incidences du travail de nuit.
L'histoire des approches du temps ne se separe pas enfin d'une interrogation sur le temps meme. Le temps n'est pas un, mais plusieurs, est-il demontre. Tantot continu, tantot discret, qualitatif ou quantitatif, cyclique ou lineaire : nous le vivons eclate et contradictoire. La multiplicite de ses registres, de ses faces et de ses strates est irreductible. L'essence du temps, c'est qu'il n'y a que des temps.
TL;DR: An examination of the ancient and medieval European practice of abandoning unwanted children is presented andinctions are made among the various forms of abandonment including exposure in a public place and offering the infant to a religious institution.
Abstract: An examination of the ancient and medieval European practice of abandoning unwanted children is presented. In view of the paucity of primary data the evidence for this practice is taken from a variety of sources. Distinctions are made among the various forms of abandonment including exposure in a public place (expositio) and offering the infant to a religious institution (oblatio). Reasons for and the consequences of child abandonment are considered. (ANNOTATION)
TL;DR: The authors traces the changes in the Muslim League from 1920 to 1932 and does not question the part played by religion in the formation of Pakistan, but concentrates on the formal structure of politics during this period.
Abstract: This volume traces the changes in the Muslim League from 1920 to 1932. It does not seek to question the part played by religion in the formation of Pakistan, but concentrates on the formal structure of politics during this period.
TL;DR: The authors examined the roots of large scale emigrations from South Sulawesi in the second half of the 17th century and found that the reputation of the Dutch Company helped to sustain its position and that of anyone fortunate or clever enough to become linked with it.
Abstract: to use the Dutch presence to institute far-reaching innovations in his society. It became apparent that, while the Company's initial involve ment with South Sulawesi had required some military action, its sub sequent activities were often limited to that of arbiter in local disputes. Y et its approval was an essential element without which no local prince could exercise authority confidently. The reputation of the Company helped to sustain its position and that of anyone fortunate or clever enough to become linked with it. Arung Palakka's repeated references throughout his life to this link served a dual purpose: it reaffirmed his continuing devotion and loyalty to the Company, while reminding the people of South Sulawesi of the weapon which he could wield if neces sary to maintain power. Bearing the Company's trust as a right, Arung Palakka was able to introduce changes with little real opposition from within South Sulawesi. The Company has often been blamed for radical innovations in Malay-Indonesian societies, but as this study shows, in South Sulawesi at least the initiative clearly carne from a local ruler. Only research in other areas influenced by the Company's presence will demonstrate whether or not the South Sulawesi experience was unique. A secondary but nonetheless important reason for this study was to examine the roots of the large scale emigrations from South Sulawesi in the second half of the 17th century."
TL;DR: In his classic study of late nineteent hand early twentieth-century social thought in America, Morton White suggested that Progressives were the first social thinkers to take seriously the idea that society must be understood as a product of continuous historical change.
Abstract: IN HIS CLASSIC STUDY of late nineteenthand early twentieth-century social thought in America, Morton White suggested that Progressives were the first social thinkers to take seriously the idea that society must be understood as a product of continuous historical change. This understanding of history, he noted, came late to America. I Indeed, that is something of an understatement, for Europeans preceded us in their awareness of historicism by almost a hundred years-rather long for a provincial lag. If White's timing is correct, and I believe it is, the belated appearance of historicism in American culture is more striking and problematical than he realized. Historicism took root in America just at the moment when Europeans began to recognize its disturbing relativistic implications and make efforts to escape them. This contrasting development offers opportunities for comparative analysis and requires a closer look at historical consciousness in America bef`re the Progressives. White did not ask how Americans understood history prior to the advent of historicism. Until we have answered that question, we cannot know whether the victory of historicism was as complete as he presumed. What White presented as an unalloyed triunmph of historicism may well turn out to be a more complex story than he allowed. The foundation on which to build an understanding of historical consciousness in nineteenth-century America has been constructed by two generations of scholars of Puritanism and millennialism-most notably Perry Miller, Ernest Tuveson, and Sacvan Bercovitch.2 More recently historians have recognized that republicanism is an essential part of the structure.3 Although much mnore primary research needs to