Showing papers in "The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 1985"

TL;DR: Data indicate that the bioelectrical impedance technique is a reliable and valid approach for the estimation of human body composition and further validation of this method is recommended in subjects with abnormal body composition.

TL;DR: This study supports the view that human digestive enzymes do not break down dietary NSP and identifies a fraction of starch, RS, present in processed food which resists breakdown by alpha-amylase both in vitro and in the small intestine of man.

TL;DR: These studies demonstrate that severe, progressive malnutrition occurs in patients with AIDS and if malnutrition can be shown to have a deleterious effect upon the disease course, therapy of malnutrition may play an important role in the treatment of this disorder.

TL;DR: This study indicates that the effects of milk consumption in childhood and adolescence on bone density may manifest as higher bone density decades later in menopause.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that the average daily intake of chromium from self-selected diets is well below the minimum suggested safe and adequate intake and that Cr absorption, at levels found in typical US diets, is inversely related to dietary intake.

TL;DR: In these subjects eight 24 h urine collections, verified for their completeness, were sufficient to estimate dietary N intake to within 81 +/- 5% (SD) as assessed by 18 day dietary records.

TL;DR: Findings from the present study indicate that iron supplementation among iron-deficient anemic children benefits learning processes as measured by the school achievement test scores.

TL;DR: In six healthy volunteers who ingested 50 g carbohydrate portions of the above foods the processed foods produced a higher glycemic index in all but one instance, and the exception was potato crisps which gave a similar glycemic response to boiled potato.

TL;DR: The trend of decreased cancer risk with increasing intake of carotenes containing vegetables was significant and consistent with the hypothesis that carotene may act as an inhibitor of carcinogenesis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that intense exercise stimulates both energy expenditure and lipid oxidation for a prolonged period.

TL;DR: Using a direct gradient-layer calorimeter and two different indirect calorimeters, the Harris-Benedict equation overestimated basal energy requirements by 10 to 15% in 201 studies of healthy men and women, raising questions regarding the accuracy of predicting an individual's energy requirements.

TL;DR: An improved infrared spectrophotometric method using tracer doses of D2O for determination of total body water (TBW) is described, showing low cost and a simple analysis that permits repeated TBW measurements over brief periods without an undue buildup of background deuterium levels in the body.

TL;DR: The authors measured whole body oxidation of dietary stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid in males consuming a test diet of normal foods at a level commensurate with energy requirements for 16 days.

TL;DR: The most salient difference in nutrient intake between drinkers and nondrinkers was the substantially lower carbohydrate intake of drinkers, suggesting that alcoholic calories may be less efficiently utilized than non alcoholic calories, or may interfere with utilization of nonalcoholic calories.

TL;DR: A conclusion that opioid peptides are part of a system for regulating ingestion is supported to support a conclusion that Benzodiazepines enhance drinking and eating and apparently interact with opioid systems.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that an oral vitamin D absorption test may be of value for determination of patients at risk for development of vitamin D deficiency and raise questions about the efficacy of Oral vitamin D preparations in patients with intestinal fat malabsorption syndromes.

TL;DR: A rapid method for sampling of buttock fat without anesthesia is described and with this method one can obtain biopsies from a large number of subjects and determine objectively the long-term fatty acid composition of their diet.

TL;DR: Measurement of plasma Sm-C/IGF-I concentrations appears to be a much more sensitive index of acute directional changes in nutritional status than other plasma proteins commonly used to monitor nutritional responses.

TL;DR: Dietary intakes of milk, calcium, and vitamin D were significantly and positively associated with BMC in both sexes after adjusting for age, weight, height, strenuous exercise, history of nonviolent fracture, thiazide use, and estrogen use.

TL;DR: Using a highly specific radioenzymatic assay, the serotonin concentration in 80 types of foods was determined andgestion of these fruits and nuts resulted in an increase in urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion with no change in platelet serotonin concentration.

TL;DR: It is concluded that infection-induced anorexia is, in part, due to the release of interleukin-1, a polypeptide that mediates many host responses to infection.

TL;DR: In this article, a reduction in the mean glycemic index (GI) of diets of 12 hyperlipidemic patients from 82 ± 1 to 69 ± 2 units (p < 0.001) for a 1 mo period resulted in a significant reduction in total and LDL serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride by comparison with the mean lipid values for the preceding and following control months.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the type of dietary carbohydrate fed can differentially affect indices of copper status in humans.

TL;DR: There seems little reason to evoke additional mechanisms to explain the decline in energy expenditure during dieting.

TL;DR: The behavioral effects of insulin added to the brain, and especially its ability to reduce food intake and body weight, is discussed, and the implications to obesity are stressed.

TL;DR: Increased knowledge of human milk proteins and their biochemistry will aid the understanding of their physiological significance in the infant.

TL;DR: Although diet was found to relate to fatty acid composition, the structural lipids in human adipose tissue appear more resistant to compositional change than stored triglycerides.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that there is a maximum amount of C16:0 and C18:0 that can be taken up from the blood and subsequently secreted into the milk.

TL;DR: A new chart to monitor maternal weight gain during pregnancy is presented, based on the adequacy of maternal weight for height, as suggested by a modified table of weight for average frame size, and the data were derived from a low-income racially-mixed population living in New York City.