Showing papers in "The American Journal of Medicine in 2004"

TL;DR: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted in this paper, showing that cardiac rehabilitation was associated with reduced all-cause mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68 to 0.93).

TL;DR: The incidence of venous thromboembolism in this cohort of middle- and older-aged subjects was similar to that observed in more geographically homogeneous samples, and short-term mortality and 2-year recurrence rates were appreciable, especially among subjects with cancer.

TL;DR: Tumor hypoxia, which has been associated with resistance to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, may stimulate angiogenesis, leading to poor local control of tumors and increased morbidity and mortality.

TL;DR: A large-scale, randomized clinical trial-Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER)-will test whether rosuvastatin therapy will reduce incident cardiovascular disease in subjects with elevated plasma C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations who do not meet current criteria for initiation of lipid-lowering drug therapy.

TL;DR: In this article, the cutoff values for synovial fluid leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage for differentiating aseptic failure and prosthetic joint infection were defined.

TL;DR: Exercise capacity determined from exercise testing and energy expenditure from weekly activity outperform other clinical and exercise test variables in predicting all-cause mortality.

TL;DR: Hypoventilation frequently complicates severe obesity among hospitalized adults and is associated with excess morbidity and mortality.

TL;DR: The clinical and pathologic hallmarks of the ANCA-associated vasculitides are described, the role of ANCA assays in diagnosis and treatment is discussed, and an approach to the evaluation and management of these diseases is outlined.

TL;DR: Of the ten most commonly used herbs in the United States, systematic reviews have concluded that only four are likely to be effective, and there is very limited evidence to evaluate the efficacy of the approximately 20,000 other available herbal products.

TL;DR: Life expectancy of patients with polycythemia vera (especially if younger than 50 years) was reduced compared with the general population, whereas life expectancy of Patients with essential thrombocythemia was not affected significantly by the disease, reflecting the more indolent nature of the proliferation.

TL;DR: Clinical decision making for all patients should be predicated on the attainment of individual goals and the identification and treatment of all modifiable biological and nonbiological factors, rather than solely on the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of individual diseases.

TL;DR: In this article, a total of 81 studies were identified: 30 randomized controlled trials, five non-randomized controlled trial, nine randomized crossover trials, and 37 longitudinal cohort studies.

TL;DR: Future directions for research on anemia should include a more detailed examination of the importance of aging or age-related diseases on the pathogenesis of anemia, an assessment of the Importance of Anemia on outcomes such as physical function and cognitive function, and an analysis of whether impairments associated with anemia are amenable to correction by improving hemoglobin concentration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the frequency of heart failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its predictors were determined, particularly the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy.

TL;DR: An overview of the renin-angiotensin system is provided, its role in kidney disease is reviewed, the renal effects of inhibition of this cascade in experimental animal models are examined, and clinical studies utilizing renin and aldosterone inhibitors in patients with diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathies are reviewed.

TL;DR: A noninvasive diagnostic strategy that combined clinical assessment, D-dimer measurement, ultrasonography, and helical CT yielded a diagnosis in 99% of outpatients suspected of pulmonary embolism, and appeared to be safe, provided that CT was combined with ultr Masonography to rule out the disease.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared mortality rates between patients admitted on weekends and weekdays and whether weekend-weekday variation in rates differed among patients admitted to teaching and nonteaching hospitals in California.

TL;DR: Inpatient or outpatient geriatric evaluation and management, as compared with usual care, reduces adverse drug reactions and suboptimal prescribing in frail elderly patients, and inpatient and outpatient ger physician-pharmacist pairs rated adversedrug reactions for causality and seriousness.

TL;DR: Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase), which recently became available in the United States, provides a safe and effective alternative to allopurinol for lowering uric acid levels and preventing uric Acid nephropathy.

TL;DR: Blood urea nitrogen is a simple clinical variable that provides useful prognostic information in patients admitted for decompensated heart failure and probably reflects the cumulative effects of hemodynamic and neurohormonal alterations that result in renal hypoperfusion.

TL;DR: Disease management programs were associated with marked improvements in many different processes and outcomes of care and few studies demonstrated a notable reduction in costs.

TL;DR: All reported cases of pyomyositis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons worldwide and HIV-negative persons in the United States since 1981 are summarized.

TL;DR: The clinical severity of chronic hepatitis B was milder in this cohort than in previous studies, and delayed HBeAg seroconversion and relapse of hepatitis were associated with increased risk of cirrhosis.

TL;DR: resolution of HIV-related anemia has been shown to improve QOL, physical functioning, energy, and fatigue in individuals with HIV, and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has also been associated with a significant increase in hemoglobin concentrations and a decrease in the prevalence of anemia.

TL;DR: Since myotoxic events are more frequent at higher doses, statins that are effective in reducing cholesterol levels and helping patients to reach target levels at start doses may be useful.

TL;DR: Long-term statin use is associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality irrespective of clinical risk factors and beta-blocker use.

TL;DR: Tai chi may be a beneficial adjunctive treatment that enhances quality of life and functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure who are already receiving standard medical therapy.

TL;DR: The prevalence of anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease ranges from 8.8% to 73.7% depending on the patient subpopulation as discussed by the authors, which is one of many extraintestinal complications of ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease.

TL;DR: Weight loss strategies involving dietary, physical activity, or behavioral interventions were associated with small between-group improvements in weight, and examination of individual study arms revealed that multicomponent interventions, including very low-Calorie diets or low-calorie diets, may hold promise for achieving weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes.