The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 

About: The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine is an academic journal published by Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Internal medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 1687-2002. Over the lifetime, 6110 publications have been published receiving 7499 citations. The journal is also known as: EJHM & Al-Mağallaẗ Al-Miṣriyyaẗ li-Ṭibb Ml-Mustašfayāt.

Comparison Of Chemical And Mineral Content Of Milk From Human, Cow, Buffalo, Camel And Goat In Egypt.

Abstract: Milk is an important food; it is considered as a good source of Ca. Comparison studies of chemical and mineral contents of milk from human, cow, buffalo, camel and goat in Egypt are rare, so we determine chemical and mineral composition cows; camels; buffalo and goats milk in Egypt and to compare with the human milk since such comparisons are rare in Egypt. There are several studies dealing with the chemical composition of milk, but they are foreign, non- Egyptian. It is known that changing of environment has a significant effect on natural physiological function of both human and animals, so it was very important to made such study on Egyptian environment (ecology), hoping to give understanding and explain some of the malnutrition problems in Egypt. Three hundred and two milk samples were obtained at random from: cows; camels; buffalo and goats (n: 44, 108, 40, 40 respectively), while human milk was obtained from healthy lactating women (n: 70, after 3 rd month of lactation). Chemical constituents as protein, fat, carbohydrates, moisture, ash and lactose were determined. Mineral contents as calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), phosphorous (P) and manganese (Mn) were measured in the ash. Human milk contains the lowest protein and ash content. Buffalo milk has the highest fat and total solids content. It gives the higher yield of energy. Human milk contains the highest carbohydrates and lactose content (4.98 gm% carbohydrates, of which 4.70 are lactose, i.e. it represent 94.46 %). Human milk contains the lowest concentration of Ca, P, Fe, Zn, Na, K and Mg. Ca: P ratio of human milk is higher (2.32 vs 1.18-1.47) than other species. Mn content of human milk is higher (human milk contains ≈ 6.5 times camel and cow milk and 24.14 times as goat milk). Buffalo milk has the highest Ca, P and Mg content. Camel milk has the highest Fe, Zn, Na and Cu content. Goat milk has the highest K content. Chemical and mineral content of the 5 studied species varied widely. Camel, buffalo, cow and goat milk cannot replace human milk but it may complement it. Key words:

Carbamate Toxicity and Protective effect ofvit. A and vit. E on some biochemicalaspects of male albino rats

Abstract: The effect of daily oral administration of carbamate (1/10 L.D50) on rats for 30 successive days were studied. The male rats were divided into five groups (control, control + oil, carbamate, carbamate + vit. A and carbamate + vit. E). Each group (except control and control + oil) was daily administrated carbamate (0.012 mg/kg B.wt.). Two groups of carbamate – intoxicated animals provided with vit. A (700 mg/kg.B.wt) or vit. E (10 mg/kg.B.wt). Poisoning symptoms were recorded, e.g. unbalanse, diarrhea, have poor health and posterior limbs rigidity. Haematological parameters showed a significant decrease in red blood corpuscles (R.B.Cs), white blood corpuscles (W.B.Cs) count, Haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value in groups treated with carbamate, and an improvement in these values was observed in groups treated with the anti-oxidants (vit. A and vit. E). Total lipids cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, glucose, LDH, AST, ALT, adrenaline and noradrenaline were measured in serum. Total proteins, total lipids, of tissues (liver, heart, muscle and kidney) were investigated. The present study declare that, carbamate induced a significant elevetion in serum LDH, glucose. total lipids,cholesterol, AST, ALT, adrenaline and noradrenaline. On the other hand, causes a significant reduction in total proteins and albumin. The total lipids and total proteins of the tissue were recorded highly significant decrease in the group treated with carbamate only. From another point of view, antioxidant ameliorated the effect of carbamate on tissues. So, it is clear that administration of vit. E or vit. A. reduced the effect of carbamate on biochemical alteration to various extent. The antioxidant property of vitamin A and vitamin E seem to be responsible for the observed protection against carbamate intoxication

Biochemical Toxicity Induced By Tramadol Administration In Male Rats

Abstract: Introduction: Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic used for treatment of moderate to severe pain. There has been some controversy regarding the dependence lability of long- term use of this medication. The present work was conducted to assess the biochemical toxicity profiles of tramadol during therapeutic use. Liver and kidney functions, sex hormones activity and some metabolic parameters were studied in male rats. Methods: Rats were divided into three groups. Group one received vehicle (saline), group two and three received oral doses of tramadol equal to 40 mg and 80 mg / kg body weight / day respectively for a month followed by 10 days recovery period. Biochemical measurements were carried out every 10 days. Results: There was significant increase in the levels of serum aminotransferases (ALT,AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine and lipid peroxide ( MDA) in both tramadol groups. In contrast, serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced. Tramadol significantly reduced serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and cortisol, but elevated prolactin (PRL) and estradiol (E2) in male rats specially at 20 and 30 days of treatment. After 10 days recovery, 80 mg tramadol group remained significantly different compared to control one. Conclusion:The present finding pointed out the risk of increased lipid peroxidatin, hepatic and renal damage and sexual dysfunction. Tramadol toxic effects should be kept in mind during long term therapy specially in large doses.

Antidiabetic effect of an aqueous extract of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels in normal and alloxan diabetic rats

Abstract: Hypoglycaemic drugs are either too expensive or have undesirable side effects including hematological, coma and disturbances of liver and kidney. Limiting of diabetes without any side effects is still a challenge to the medical system. This leads to exert effort to search for effective, safer and less cost antidiabetic plants. This investigation aims to evaluate the role of Punica granatum powder peels extract in its human therapeutic dose on beta cell numbers blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in normal and alloxan diabetic rats for 4-weeks of treatment. The treatment revealed that pomegranate aqueous extract significant decreased blood glucose and increased insulin levels in normal and diabetic treated rats. Pancreas showed increased number of beta cells in normal and treated diabetic rats. In conclusion pomegranate peel aqueous extract can reduce blood sugar through regeneration of s cells.

Protective Effect of Vitamin C and Glutathione Against the Histopathological Changes Induced by Imidacloprid in the Liver and Testis of Japanese Quail.

Abstract: Pesticides are double wedged weapons. They are considered to be the heavy cost of civilization. They are widely used in our daily life. Recently their effects on male fertility have attracted attention. One of these pesticides is imidacloprid. This work was designed to investigate the histological changes in liver and testis of Japanese quail treated with imidacloprid for different periods as well as the reversibility of such changes after arrest of the treatment for recovery period. The effect of vitamin C and glutathione as a protective agent against the action of imidacloprid on liver and testis