Showing papers in "The Family Coordinator in 1978"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the use and meaning of rape from Biblical times through to Bangladesh and Vietnam, unravels the origins of rape laws in medieval codes and examines interracial and homosexual rape and child molestation.
Abstract: The author shows why she considers rape not to be just a brutal crime but a reflection of how our society is conditioned. To do this she traces the use and meaning of rape from Biblical times through to Bangladesh and Vietnam, unravels the origins of rape laws in medieval codes and examines interracial and homosexual rape and child molestation. She also includes a discussion of Freudian sexual psychology, legal defence strategy and the message behind popular books, magazines and films. Always, she argues, the myths generated by the latter serve to glamorize the victim while they romanticize the rapist - even in cases of rape murder.
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TL;DR: The authors may not be able to make you love reading, but behavioral treatment of sexual problems brief therapy will lead you to love reading starting from now.
Abstract: We may not be able to make you love reading, but behavioral treatment of sexual problems brief therapy will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
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Abstract: The concept of filial responsibility refers to adult offsprings' obligations to meet the needs of their aging parents. It emphasizes "duty" and is usually associated with protection, care, and economic support (Schorr, 1960). Specific varieties of filial responsibility include personal contact with parents, financial aid to them, shared living arrangements, and assistance in meeting their daily needs. Recent extensions in life expectancy have produced considerable generational overlap so that today the obligations of filial responsibility have become all the more a reality for greater numbers of families (Nye & Berardo, 1973; Simos, 1970). Blenkner (1965) discussed "filial maturity" as a kind of developmental stage stemming from the resolution of a "filial crisis," which typically occurs in the middle years. Filial maturity is achieved when offspring realize that parents are becoming dependent upon them. Related Literature
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TL;DR: Lerner et al. as discussed by the authors studied the relationship between parent and child in later life and found that the parent/child relationship is almost completely voluntary, subject to disruption through occupational and geographic mobility, as it might be said of marriage itself.
Abstract: Family sociology has gained in sophistication from developments in related disciplines. For example, research by historians of the family has put to rest, at last, the "classical family of Western nostalgia" (Goode, 1963). Unfortunately, this mythical family does not rest in peace, but inhabits the consciousness of the general public with a wondrous tenacity. The use of the cohort analysis in the study of social change or continuity directs attention to the changing characteristics of specific age cohorts or generations not only as they move through their life course but also among successive cohorts in a particular society. Both foci warn us against generalizations regarding parent-child relations as fixed. Intergenerational relationships must be studied in historical context, especially in terms of the linkages between family and other institutional spheres as these undergo continual change. While we may never disabuse the general public of the notion that there once was a time in which the extended family reigned supreme-and, more importantly, that mutual respect and satisfaction governed adult child/ aged parent interaction-we must, as family sociologists and practitioners, take an unromanticized view of intergenerational relations at the distal end of the life course. The question usually asked of this topic is "how can such bonds be strengthened?" The one we propose here is "why have any such bonds persisted?" The modern family is characterized by choice: whom to marry, where to live, how to earn a living, how many children to bear, and, increasingly, how to conduct interpersonal relations and allocate tasks within the nuclear family. As we move from the family of obligatory ties to one of voluntary bonds, relationships outside the nuclear unit similarly lose whatever normative certainty or consistency governed them at earlier times. For example, sibling relationships today are almost completely voluntary, subject to disruption through occupational and geographic mobility, as, indeed, it might be said of marriage itself. Is this also to be the fate of parentoffspring ties in later life? There are many indicators of growing distance between generations, especially so in later life. There are also clues to enduring qualities of the parent/child bond. We shall examine the most important of these forces-centripetal and centrifugalat both the societal and familial levels. *Adapted from a more extensive essay, Parent and child in later life: Rethinking the relationship. In R. M. Lerner & G. B. Spanier (Eds.), Child influences on marital and family interaction: A life span perspective. New York: Academic, forthcoming.
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TL;DR: In this paper, couples who were married 50 or more years were interviewed about what they felt were the most important factors in happy marriage and their marital satisfactions were assessed over the stages of the family life cycle.
Abstract: Couples who were married 50 or more years were interviewed about what they felt were the most important factors in happy marriage. Their marital satisfactions were assessed over the stages of the family life cycle. Indices of their marital adjustment and personality were examined using a self, perceived-other comparison technique. Positive marital adjustment was found to be related to congruence of self-other perceptions. The literature on marriage and marriage adjustment is abundant as one covers the courtship and early marriage years, but decreases as length of marriage increases. There has been relatively little written about the postparental years and even less about marriages that have been in existence 40, 50 or more years. Stinnett, Collins and Montgomery (1972, p. 665) stated: "Unfortunately, research concerned with the perceptions of older husbands and wives towards their marriage relationships and their present period of life is very limited." A review of the literature over the subsequent five years offers little evidence to
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TL;DR: In this paper, the role of the grandparent was analyzed from a social class perspective, and it was shown that the degree of "functional centrality" in a parent's role in a family is correlated with the socio-economic status of the parent.
Abstract: This paper attempts to reassess the role of grandparent from a social class perspective. The role is analyzed first as a "peculiar non-institution" for middle-class families in the United States. Grandparenting is shown to differ by degree of "functional centrality" in middle-class families and families of lower socio-economic status, a measure which permits conceptualization of the grandparent role as either "ideological" or "realistic. " Using this theoretical framework, it is noted that certain biological, political, and social trends appear to be converging in a way that could catalyze a rearrangement of social class characteristics, thereby creating a "reality" grandparent role for a significant number of older middle-class persons.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored some social, situational and personal factors associated with remarriage in old age, and focused on role changes associated with re-marriage, through in-depth interviews with twenty-four remarried elderly couples.
Abstract: Although an increasing number of elders in the United States are remarrying, remarriage has been among the least researched and least known alternatives in old age. This paper explores some social, situational and personal factors associated with remarriage in old age, and focuses on role changes associated with remarriage. The findings were obtained through in-depth interviews with twenty-four remarried elderly couples. Remarriage is seen as a viable option in old age, deserving of attention and encouragement from older people themselves, people who work with the elderly, and social planners.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make an attempt to sensitize family practitioners to some of the problematic aspects of the dual-career life-style and make suggestions for strategies practitioners can use to assist dualcareer families in coping effectively with the constraints and problems of their life style.
Abstract: The dual-career family is an emergent family form in our society that offers new sources of satisfaction. A t the same time, the dual-career life-style also presents new types of problems for families. This articles is an attempt to sensitize family practitioners to some of the problematic aspects of the dual-career life-style. Suggestions are made for strategies practitioners can use to assist dual-career families in coping effectively with the constraints and problems of their life-style.
TL;DR: In this paper, the purpose of the study was to determine if rural widows (N = 103) could be classified into three levels of loneliness on the basis of one or more of 16 physical, social, and psychological variables.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if rural widows (N = 103) could be classified into three levels of loneliness on the basis of one or more of 16 physical, social, and psychological variables. A multiple discriminant analysis derived two factors that differentiated among levels of loneliness. The first and more important function served to distinguish the sometimes from the never lonely on the basis of satisfaction with relationships. The second separated the frequently from the never lonely and appeared to be a measure of physical isolation as determined by selfperceived health and transportation. Implications for intervention are discussed.
TL;DR: Since the establishment of the Children's Bureau in 1912, the federal government has played a role in the welfare of children as discussed by the authors, and the first woman elected to Congress, Jeannette Rankin, introduced the Maternal and Child Health bill in 1918, and a version passed in 1921 as the Sheppard-Towner Act.
Abstract: Since the establishment of the Children's Bureau in 1912, the federal government has played a role in the welfare of children. Children's Bureau director Julia Lathrop issued a report in 1917 calling for federal aid to the states for public health programs covering maternity and infancy. Jeannette Rankin, the first woman elected to Congress, introduced the Maternal and Child Health bill in 1918, and a version passed in 1921 as the Sheppard-Towner Act. Attacked as a Communist plot against the family by extreme conservatives and opposed by the American Medical Association, the legislation lapsed in 1928, to be revived with the New Deal.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of cohabitation on preparation for marriage were investigated, and the potential benefits and costs to the individual in each type of co-habiting relationship were discussed.
Abstract: This paper attempts to answer the question: "What are the effects of cohabitation on preparation for marriage?" More specifically, the purpose of the paper is to: (a) identify the major types of cohabiting relationships; (b) specify the personal characteristics (e.g., interpersonal skill level) and relationship characteristics (e.g., egalitarian relationship) of each cohabiting relationship type; and (c) outline the potential benefits and costs to the individual in each type of cohabiting relationship. Guidelines for counseling potentially cohabiting couples are also provided.
TL;DR: For instance, the authors found that while the impact of the first child was greater than the second, the latter involved less time for self, more work, more noise, and decreased marital happiness.
Abstract: Young mothers of two children responded to a 49 item questionnaire designed to assess their motivations for and consequences (personal and marital) of having a second child. Results indicated that while the impact of the first child was greater than the second, the latter involved less time for self, more work, more noise, and decreased marital happiness. Implications of these findings are suggested.
TL;DR: This paper studied the influence of ethnic families on the social well-being of the elderly and found that the older person's social integration cannot be understood by looking objectively at his activities and interactions, but requires an awareness of the meaning which activities and relationships have for him.
Abstract: Since a great number of older Americans are either immigrants or the children of immigrants, and many others have spent much of their lives in ethnic communities, it is important to understand the influence of ethnic families on the social well being of the elderly. This paper looks at ethnic variations in the structure of the nuclear family, interdependence between generations, and the relationship between the family and the wider society. The older person's social integration cannot be understood by looking objectively at his activities and interactions, but requires an awareness of the meaning which activities and relationships have for him.
TL;DR: A review of the research literature on Black family life revealed that matriarchal themes are recurrent in describing male-female relationships as discussed by the authors and some suggestions for alleviating this situation are made.
Abstract: A review of the research literature on Black family life revealed that matriarchal themes are recurrent in describing male-female relationships. This was found in studies on family structure, identification, out-of-wedlock births, parenthood, marriage, sexuality, and peer groups. Research limitations were an evident source of the distortions eventually reflected in family life textbooks. Some suggestions for alleviating this situation are made.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the need and the context for alternative living arrangements for older persons, and described some recent attempts to devise new family arrangements for the elderly, focusing on the Share-A-Home in Florida, a family of non-related senior adults who share their own household, employ a manager, and share expenses.
Abstract: Open societies provide opportunities for persons to create new and innovative family and community alternatives which may lie outside the mainstream. This paper examines the need and the context for alternative living arrangements for older persons, and describes some recent attempts to devise new family arrangements for the elderly. Particular attention is focused upon Share-A-Home in Florida, a "family" of non-related senior adults who share their own household, employ a manager, and share expenses. This pragmatic amalgam group is placed in sociological perspective through the theory of shared functions.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on select strengths and problems of women in midlife as viewed from a discussion and synthesis of an array of social and behavioral science findings starting with a definition of what constitutes midlife, crises, and reverberations.
Abstract: This paper focuses on select strengths and problems of women in midlife as viewed from a discussion and synthesis of an array of social and behavioral science findings Starting with a definition of what constitutes midlife, crises, and reverberations, the paper addresses some commonly preferred support networks chosen by women in midlife with particular emphasis as to the perceived value of each as factors in adjustment and life satisfaction This information is subsequently used to identify a number of implicit and explicit practice and research recommendations
TL;DR: In this paper, differences in involvement and perception of problems are identified between mothers and fathers and parents in the school-age and teen-age stages of the family life cycle, and Implications are drawn for education programs designed to meet the needs of learning-oriented and problem-oriented parents.
Abstract: Interviews with both parents in families at two stages of the family life cycleschool-age and teen-age-provide comparable data on some of the tasks and problems of parenting. Differences in involvement and perception of problems are identified between mothers and fathers and parents in the school-age and teen-age stages. Implications are drawn for education programs designed to meet the needs of learning-oriented and problem-oriented parents.
TL;DR: In this article, the quality of marriage of students at a midwestern university is assessed in relation to sources of financial support and certain demographic characteristics, and self-report measures indicated overall QoE to be high.
Abstract: Quality of marriage of students at a midwestern university is assessed in relation to sources of financial support and certain demographic characteristics. Self-report measures indicated overall quality of marriage to be high. Statistical measures found quality of marriage to be significantly higher if both spouses were enrolled simultaneously and if couples did not depend on loans as a source of income. Quality of marriage was significantly lower if the wife only was enrolled or if the couple depended on her earnings as a major source of income.