Showing papers in "The Journal of Military History in 2002"
TL;DR: In this article, Mearsheimer illuminates his theory of offensive realism through a sweeping survey of modern great power struggles and reflects on the bleak prospects for peace in Europe and northeast Asia, arguing that the United States's security competition with a rising China will intensify regardless of engagement policies.
Abstract: The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, sadly shattered these idyllic illusions, and John Mearsheimer's masterful new book explains why these harmonious visions remain utopian. To Mearsheimer, great power politics are tragic because the anarchy of the international system requires states to seek dominance at one another's expense, dooming even peaceful nations to a relentless power struggle. Mearsheimer illuminates his theory of offensive realism through a sweeping survey of modern great power struggles and reflects on the bleak prospects for peace in Europe and northeast Asia, arguing that the United States's security competition with a rising China will intensify regardless of \"engagement\" policies.
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TL;DR: The long reach of war (1914-17) as discussed by the authors, the chemists' war, chemical warfare in peace (1918-37) and total war in the Cold War (1936-43)
Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. The long reach of war (1914-17) 3. Joining the chemists' war (1917-18) 4. Chemical warfare in peace (1918-37) 5. Minutemen in peace (1918-37) 6. Total war (1936-43) 7. Annihilation (1943-5) 8. Planning for peace and war (1944-5) 9. War comes home (1945-50) 10. Arms races in the Cold War (1950-8) 11. Backfires (1958-63) 12. Epilogue.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of strategic bombing in the First World War and the United States in the Second World War, focusing on the United Kingdom in the interwar years and the Combined Bomber Offensive, 1943-1945.
Abstract: Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 Chapter One The Beginning: Strategic Bombing in the First World War 11 Chapter Two Britain in the Interwar Years 69 Chapter Three The United States in the Interwar Years 128 Chapter Four Rhetoric and Reality, 1939-1942 176 Chapter Five The Combined Bomber Offensive, 1943-1945 214 Conclusion 289 Notes 303 Bibliography of Archival Sources 387 Index 391
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TL;DR: A Century of Forced Migration: The Origins and Consequences of Ethnic Cleansing Part 4 Part I: Creating a Polish Nation-State Chapter 5 Forced Migration and the Transformation of Polish Society in the Postwar Period Chapter 6 "Cleansing" Poland of Germans: The Province of Pomerania, 1945-1949.
Abstract: Chapter 1 Series Foreword Chapter 2 Introduction Chapter 3 A Century of Forced Migration: The Origins and Consequences of Ethnic Cleansing Part 4 Part I: Creating a Polish Nation-State Chapter 5 Forced Migration and the Transformation of Polish Society in the Postwar Period Chapter 6 "Cleansing" Poland of Germans: The Province of Pomerania, 1945-1949 Chapter 7 Who Is a Pole, and Who Is a German? The Province of Olsztyn in 1945 Chapter 8 De-Germanization and "Re-Polonization" in Upper Silesia, 1945-1950 Chapter 9 Gathering Poles into Poland: Forced Migration from Poland's Former Eastern Territories Chapter 10 Expulsion, Resettlement, Civil Strife: The Fate of Poland's Ukrainians, 1944-1947 Chapter 11 Overcoming Ukrainian Resistance: The Deportation of Ukrainians within Poland in 1947 Part 12 Part II: Retribution and Expulsion in Czechoslovakia Chapter 13 The Mechanics of Ethnic Cleansing: The Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, 1945-1947 Chapter 14 To Prosecute or to Expel? Czechoslovak Retribution and the "Transfer" of Sudeten Germans Chapter 15 The Social and Economic Consequences of Resettling Czechs into Northwestern Bohemia, 1945-1947 Part 16 Part III: German Refugees and the New German States Chapter 17 Compelling the Assimilation of Expellees in the Soviet Zone of Occupation and the GDR Chapter 18 Social Conflict and Social Transformation in the Integration of Expellees into Rural Brandenburg, 1945-1952 Chapter 19 The German Refugees and Expellees from the East and the Creation of a Western German Identity after World War II Chapter 20 Conclusion
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TL;DR: In this article, the origins of a technocratic vision for radio, aviation and post-war defence were discussed, and the case of radio astronomy Berkner and IGY IGY satellites and the launch of Sputnik horizons and limits.
Abstract: Radio, aviation and the origins of a technocratic vision Mr. Berkner to Washington radio science and World War II science and post-war defence - extending the partnership, 1945-49 extending the partnership - applying technocratic ideas outside of the military scientists, Project Troy, and the direction of Cold War strategic planning career choices and the Korean War panic of 1950 continental defense, secrecy, and the scientists's role in national security planning stretching the coalistion - scientists and the distant early warning line expanding federal support of private research - the case of radio astronomy Berkner and the IGY IGY satellites and the launch of Sputnik horizons and limits.
TL;DR: RUSI Journal: "a lively account of the background and course of the first Chechen War, which will serve as a useful introduction to the conflict... For anyone interested in the stability of the region, this volume is indispensable". Choice "selly"s account is gripping, and his overall conclusions are telling as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: RUSI Journal: "a lively account of the background and course of the first Chechen War, which will serve as a useful introduction to the conflict... For anyone interested in the stability of the region, this volume is indispensable". Choice "selly"s account is gripping, and his overall conclusions are telling." Choice "gripping
TL;DR: The story of Teller is the story of the 20th century as discussed by the authors, and the man behind the headlines is revealed in this book, a man with deep beliefs about liberty, security, and the moral responsibility of science.
Abstract: The fascinating recollections of one of the most brilliant and controversial scientists of the 20th century. . The story of Edward Teller is the story of the twentieth century. Born in Hungary in 1908, Teller witnessed the rise of Nazism and anti-Semitism, two world wars, the McCarthy era, and the changing face of big science. A brilliant and controversial figure whose work on nuclear weapons was key to the American war effort, Teller has long believed in freedom through strong defense, a philosophy reflected in his stance on arms control and nuclear policy. These extraordinary recollections at last reveal the man behind the headlines-passionate and humorous, devoted and loyal. In clear and compelling prose, Teller tells of the people, events, and ideas that shaped him as a scientist, beginning with his early love of music and math, and continuing with his study of quantum physics with Werner Heisenberg. Present at many of the pivotal moments in modern science, Teller also describes his friendships with some of the century's greatest minds-Einstein, Bohr, Fermi, Szilard, von Neumann, Oppenheimer-and offers an honest account of the development of the atomic and hydrogen bombs. He also offers a moving portrait of his childhood, his marriage and family life, and his friendship with physicist Maria Mayer. Writing about those aspects of his life that have had important public consequences-from his conservative politics to his relationships with scientists and presidents-Teller reveals himself to be a man with deep beliefs about liberty, security, and the moral responsibility of science.
TL;DR: Bacevich and Cohen as discussed by the authors described the most precise application of air power in history in the First World War and the New American Way of War, by Eliot A. Cohen and Andrew J. Bacevich.
Abstract: Introduction, by Andrew J. Bacevich and Eliot A. CohenOperation Allied Force: "The Most Precise Application of Air Power in History", by William M. ArkinKosovo and the New American Way of War, by Eliot A. CohenFirst War of the Global Era: Kosovo and U.S. Grand Strategy, by James KurthHubris and Nemesis: Kosovo and the Pattern of Western Military Ascendancy and Defeat, by Anatol LievenKosovo and the Moral Burdens of Power, by Alberto R. CollNeglected Trinity: Kosovo and the Crisis in U.S. Civil-Military Relations, by Andrew J. BacevichKosovo and the Revolution in Military Affairs, by Michael G. VickersA Note on Contributors
TL;DR: For instance, Griffith as discussed by the authors describes the empty battlefield phenomenon as the "empty battlefield" in which the power of surveillance in battle is diminished, since peers can observe one another during the fight.
Abstract: S INCE the time of the ancient Greeks, the NVestern way of war has always relied heavily on the strength of camaraderie to accomplish what is essentially an unnatural act. As long as Western warfare remained an issue of muscle-versus-muscle combat in close quarters, the proximity of soldiers in massed formation on the battlefield provided the basis for this camaraderie, since peers could observe one another during the fight. The introduction of gunpowder negated the decisiveness of muscle power in combat, and the advent of the rifled musket in the midnineteenth century began a century-long process of battlefield expansion, which likewise tended to diminish the possibilities of peer observation as a traditional source of comradeship and method of battlefield control.' The decreasing power of surveillance in battle became even more apparent to combatants during World War I. Paddy Griffith provides us with an eloquent description of this phenomenon, identified by James J. Schneider as the "empty battlefield"2:
TL;DR: The Putney Debates as mentioned in this paper were a seminal event in the history of the English civil war and the English independence movement. But they are not known to us as a source of inspiration for our work.
Abstract: 1. Introduction Michael Mendle Part I. The Putney Debates: The Artefact: 2. The survival of the manuscript Lesley Le Claire 3. Reading and writing the text of the Putney debates Frances Henderson Part II. The Putney Debates and Their Contexts: 4. The debates from the perspective of the army Austin Woolrych 5. The army, the state and the soldier in the English civil war Barbara Donagan 6. The case of the armie truly re-stated John Morrill and Philip Baker 7. Putney's pronouns: identity and indemnity in the great debate Michael Mendle 8. The agreements of the people and their political context, 1647-1649 Ian Gentles 9. From Reading to Whitehall: Henry Ireton's journey Barbara Taft Part III. Levellers and 'Levellerism' in History and Historiography: 10. 'The poorest she': women and citizenship in early modern England Patricia Crawford 11. The Leveller legacy: from the Restoration to the Exclusion crisis Tim Harris 12. Puritanism, liberty and the Putney debates William Lamont 13. The Levellers in history and memory, c. 1660-1960 Blair Worden 14. The true Levellers' standard revisited: an afterword J. G. A. Pocock.
TL;DR: A collection of essays examining the impact of the 1975-90 civil war in Lebanon on women as mentioned in this paper examined the role of women both as a potent oppressor and a catalyst for women's liberation from social strictures.
Abstract: Edited collection of essays examining the impact of the 1975-90 civil war in Lebanon on women--both as a potent oppressor and as a catalyst for liberation from social strictures. Several essays challenge the assumption that women are pacifists by nature.
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TL;DR: The Australian Centenary History of Defence as mentioned in this paper is a history of the first century of the Commonwealth of Australia, including two world wars, and in a series of other military engagements.
Abstract: Defence of the nation is one of the fundamental obligations of government. For much of the first century of the Commonwealth of Australia this obligation has been tested - in two world wars, and in a series of other military engagements. The military reputation that has grown out of these defining moments in Australian history has been a significant factor in moulding Australians' views of themselves, yet service matters have not often attracted any great degree of public interest. The Australian Centenary History of Defence explains the complexities of this essential strand of the Commonwealth's first century - the successes and the failures, the progress and the setbacks, in peace and war. This book is intended for general readers of military defence history titles, especially works in this series. Also military defence historians and students.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an interpretation from the 18th to the 20th century of chronicle sources, including the 15th-century chronicles written in England and France.
Abstract: Part 1 Fifteenth-century chronicle sources: chronicles written in England - the "Gesta Henrici Quinti" (c. 1417, Latin), Thomas Elmham, "Liber Metricus de Henrico Quinto" (Metrical Life of Henry V), (c. 1418, Latin), Thomas Walsingham, "St Albans Chronicle" (c. 1420-22, Latin), Tito Livio Frulovisi, "Vita Henrici Quinti (c. 1438, Latin, Pseudo Elmham, "Vita et Gesta Henrici Quinti" (c. 1446-53, Latin), John Capgrave, "De Illustribus Henricis (c. 1446-53, Latin), John Hardyng, "Chronicle" (1457, 1464, Middle English and Latin), the Chronicle of Peter Basset (1449, French), the "Brut" (1430, 1436-37, 1460-70, Middle English), the London Chronicles (later 15th century, Middle English chronicles written in France - The Religieux (Monk) of Saint-Denis, "Histoire de Charles VI" (c. 1415-22, Latin), "Geste de nobles francois" (?late 1420s, French), Pierre Cochon, "Chronique normande" (?early 1430s, French), "Chronique anonyme du reigne de Chales VI (?early 1430s, French), "Memoires de Pierre de Fenin" (?1430s, French), "Chronique de Perceval de Cagny" (late 1430s, French), "Chronique de Ruisseauville" (?1420s-1430s, French), Jean Juvenal des Ursins, "Histoire de Charles VI, roy de France" (1430-1440s, French), Enguerran Monstrelet, Jean Waurin and Jean Le Fevre (1444-1460s), Edmond de Dynter, "Chronique des ducs de Brabant" (?early to mid-1440s, Latin), "Journal d'un bourgeois de Paris" (?1449, French), Le Heraut Berry (the Berry Herald) (?1450s, French, "Chronique d'Arthur de Richemont" (1458-mid-1460s, French), "Chronique de Normandie " (1460s, French), Thomas Basin, "Histoire de Charles VII (1471-72, Latin), "Chronique d'Antonio Morosini" )?1430s, Italian. Part 2 Sixteenth-century historians in England: "The First English Life of Henry the Fifth" (1513, English) Robert Fabyan, "The New Chronicles of England and France" (1516, English) Polydore Vergil, "Anglica Historia" (1513, published 1534, Latin) Edward Hall, "The Union of the Two Illustre families of Lancaster and York" (1542, English) John Stow, "The Chronicles of England" (1592, 1601, English) Raphael Holinshed, "Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland" (1586-87, English). Part 3 The contemporary reception of the battle and development of the literary tradition: England France. Part 4 Interpretations from the 18th to the 20th century. Part 5 Administartive records: The English army the French army.(Part contents).