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Showing papers in "The Journal of The Association for Persons With Severe Handicaps in 1976"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Eating Assessment Tool is presented as an instrument for measuring progress in feeding behaviors and means of assessment, intervention, and treatment in feeding children with abnormal muscle tone and poor muscle coordination.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with a therapeutic approach to problems in feeding children with abnormal muscle tone and poor muscle coordination. Feeding therapy is intended to promote normal sensorimotor experience and maximum independence during feeding, as well as to assist in meeting the basic nutritional requirements of the neurologically impaired child. With regard to the goals of therapy, attention is given to means of assessment, intervention, and treatment. The Eating Assessment Tool is presented as an instrument for measuring progress in feeding behaviors.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Preliminary data on the Trainee Performance Sample indicate high internal consistency, reliability, and stability of scores over time and trainers, and it does appear to be a potentially useful instrument in making client acceptance and placement decisions for severely handicapped adults.
Abstract: Severely handicapped adults have often been excluded from vocational rehabilitation programs because they were not seen as feasible for ultimate occupational success. Recent training and management research has demonstrated that these adults can be quite successful with appropriate training, and a practical basis for selecting and placing them in training programs is needed. For this reason the Trainee Performance Sample (TPS) was developed to predict time required for vocational training. Preliminary data on the TPS indicate high internal consistency, reliability, and stability of scores over time and trainers. Further, correlations between TPS scores and training time and trials were above .75 in four of seven samples. Although considerably more research is needed, the TPS does appear to be a potentially useful instrument in making client acceptance and placement decisions for severely handicapped adults.

5 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the need for adequate definitions for the severely handicapped as well as some of the problems involved in developing a suitable definition are discussed, both practical and philosophical problems are considered.
Abstract: The need for adequate definitions for the severely handicapped as well as some of the problems involved in developing a suitable definition are discussed in this paper. Both practical and philosophical problems are considered. A tentative definition is proposed to generate further discussion.

5 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The adaptation of Piagetian sensorimotor concepts to the assessment of severely handicapped infants and toddlers is described, to develop and validate a curriculum that will aid these children in the acquisition of sensorsimotor skills.
Abstract: People who work with very young handicapped children encounter problems in infant cognitive functioning. Standardized intelligence tests are inadequate tools for the assessment of these children's developmental capacities and the design of appropriate intervention strategies. This paper describes the adaptation of Piagetian sensorimotor concepts to the assessment of severely handicapped infants and toddlers. The objective of this procedure is to develop and validate a curriculum that will aid these children in the acquisition of sensorimotor skills.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the advantages of using modeling as an instructional procedure to teach severely handicapped students to imitate, and propose that modeling should be considered a crucial instructional competency for teachers of severely disabled students.
Abstract: This paper discusses the advantages of using modeling as an instructional procedure to teach severely handicapped students to imitate. A discussion of the process of teaching severely handicapped students to imitate is also included. The writers also propose that modeling as an instructional procedure for teaching non-imitative students to imitate be considered a crucial instructional competency for teachers of severely handicapped students.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of current members of the American Association for the Education of the Severely/Profoundly Handicapped was conducted to assess needs within the field for the development and dissemination of training materials as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A survey of current members of the American Association for the Education of the Severely/Profoundly Handicapped was conducted to assess needs within the field for the development and dissemination of training materials. Respondents rated (1) areas of critical need for training materials development, (2) delivery systems for training programs, (3) formats for the presentation of training materials, and (4) evaluation procedures for the measurement of training results. Responses indicate that training materials are needed across a number of training areas. The delivery system most frequently selected for training was college and university courses. Training based on practicum/application activities was the highest rated format for training materials. Overwhelmingly, respondents indicated that observation of the target behavior in natural settings was the preferred evaluation procedure.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The author concludes that a careful application of traditional units with some reservations may prove effective for teachers of the severely handicapped.
Abstract: Systems for data collection and analysis have been developed to help teachers systematically specialize and individualize their instruction for special children. The appearance of severely and profoundly handicapped children as regular members of the school population has led to questions concerning the applicability of traditional response and measurement units to this population. A review of units used by researchers with the severely handicapped was conducted. A discussion of the applicability of the various response units (e.g., percent) in reference to the desired effects of instruction or intervention and in regard to the specific learning stage are discussed. The author concludes that a careful application of traditional units with some reservations may prove effective for teachers of the severely handicapped.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recently overcorrection has been used to discourage inappropriate behaviors and encourage appropriate behaviors of severely and profoundly handicapped people as discussed by the authors, which has combined verbal reprimands, verbal instructions, and manual guidance (if necessary) and dictates that an offender "overcorrect" his misbehavior.
Abstract: Recently overcorrection has been used to discourage inappropriate behaviors and encourage appropriate behaviors of severely and profoundly handicapped people. This procedure has combined verbal reprimands, verbal instructions, and manual guidance (if necessary) and dictates that an offender “overcorrect” his misbehavior. Two types of overcorrection training have been reported – restitutional overcorrection, in which the individual restores a disturbed setting or situation to a state vastly improved from that existing prior to the disruption, and positive practice overcorrection, requiring that the individual practice appropriate modes of responding several times following inappropriate behavior. This paper reviews the components of overcorrection, the rationale for its use, the two types of overcorrection training reported, the levels of instructional assistance, and some common misinterpretations. And it suggests extensions to the vocational and social development of the severely/profoundly handicapped.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to test a training procedure designed to establish functional expressive usage of "yes" and "no" in the language skills of three institutionalized retardates.
Abstract: A study was conducted to test a training procedure designed to establish functional expressive usage of “yes” and “no” in the language skills of three institutionalized retardates. The procedure em...

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Developmental Activities Screening Inventory (DASI) is introduced as a viable means for determining the developmental level of children functioning between the ages of 6 and 60 months and includes adaptations for visually impaired children.
Abstract: The Developmental Activities Screening Inventory (DASI) is introduced as a viable means for determining the developmental level of children functioning between the ages of 6 and 60 months. The nonverbal test includes adaptations for visually impaired children. Thus, it is useful in screening normally functioning and severely handicapped children for the purpose of planning further assessment and interim educational goals. The inclusion of procedures for teaching the skills included facilitates immediate follow-through in the classroom.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a three phase behavior assessment and prescription system is proposed to monitor the specific functioning levels of persons with mental retardation problems, and a skill assessment instrument has been formatively validated which provides basic data from obtaining specific levels of skill functioning in several behavioral categories.
Abstract: Recent literature indicates that an increasing number of individuals with mental retardation problems are involved in various processes for community reintegration as defined by movement to less restrictive (more normal) programming environments. To facilitate this process, a three phase behavior assessment and prescription system is proposed. This system is designed to monitor the specific functioning levels of persons with mental retardation problems. At the screening (pre-selection) level, a skill assessment instrument has been formatively validated which provides basic data from obtaining specific levels of skill functioning in several behavioral categories. This data means individual persons can be identified as to their profiting from available institution/ community celeration programs and provides information for new programs needed to further reintegration efforts. At the programming (pre-selection) level, a detailed skill assessment instrument has been developed. This more intense behavioral obs...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine some of the primary instructional methods needed to effectively enhance the growth and development of the profoundly handicapped children in the classroom teacher with a wide variety of characteristics and problem areas previously not recognized in the educational domain.
Abstract: Profoundly handicapped children present the classroom teacher with a wide variety of characteristics and problem areas previously not recognized in the educational domain. These traits, such as physical rigidity and incorrect body alignment, must be considered in pinpointing instructional methods to promote the optimal potential of this population. The purpose of this article is to examine some of the primary instructional methods needed to effectively enhance the growth and development of the profoundly handicapped.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Within the population of moderately to severely handicapped children, a sub-population of non-verbal children who fail to develop a functional language system and do not appear to profit from the...
Abstract: Within the population of moderately to severely handicapped children is a sub-population of non-verbal children who fail to develop a functional language system and do not appear to profit from the...