Showing papers in "The Lancet in 1986"

TL;DR: An alternative approach, based on graphical techniques and simple calculations, is described, together with the relation between this analysis and the assessment of repeatability.

TL;DR: Although the rise in ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales has been associated with increasing prosperity, mortality rates are highest in the least affluent areas.

TL;DR: On this evidence, it is often safe to limit mural clearance and thus preserve the anal sphincters, provided that the mesorectum is excised intact with the cancer.

TL;DR: SK seems to be a safe drug for routine administration in acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted within 12 h after the onset of symptoms and with no contraindications to SK when randomised to receive SK in addition to usual treatment.

TL;DR: The Northwick Park Heart Study has investigated the thrombotic component of ischaemic heart disease by the inclusion of measures of haemostatic function, finding that the biochemical disturbance leading to IHD may lie at least as much in the coagulation system as in the metabolism of cholesterol.

TL;DR: In this paper, transverse slicing was used to examine whole-mount sections of the entire operative specimen of rectal adnocarcinoma and showed that the spread to the lateral resection margin in 14 of 52 (27%) patients and 12 of these proceeded to local pelvic recurrence.

TL;DR: Low-dose aspirin may restore prostacyclin/thromboxane imbalance, previously suggested as an important aetiological factor in PIH and pre-eclampsia, and be reinstated in mothers or infants.

TL;DR: In this article, human erythropoietin derived from recombinant DNA (rHuEPO) was given as an intravenous bolus after each dialysis in rising doses within the range 3-192 IU/kg.

TL;DR: For both CHD and total mortality, serum cholesterol was similar to diastolic blood pressure in the shape of the risk curve and in the size of the high-risk group, which supports the policy of a moderate fat intake for the general population and intensive treatment for those at high risk.

TL;DR: NIR spectrophotometry provides valuable quantitative data at the cotside for the management of sick infants and for exploring the pathophysiology of damage to the brain.

TL;DR: The first successful attempt at deep freezing and thawing of the human oocyte is reported and a twin pregnancy was achieved after insemination and replacement in utero.

TL;DR: In the first six weeks after amniocentesis/ultrasound scan, amniotic fluid leakage occurred more often in the study group but there was no difference in the rate of vaginal bleeding, and frequency of postural malformations in the infants in the two groups was the same.

TL;DR: 4 dose regimens of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), a thymidine analogue with potent anti-viral activity against HTLV-III in vitro, were examined in 19 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC).

TL;DR: Head-up tilt, a recognised stimulus to vasovagal syncope, was used to investigate syncope that remained unexplained despite full clinical and electrophysiological assessment in fifteen patients who had had 15 +/- 19 episodes of unexplained syncope over periods of a week to 26 years.

TL;DR: It is suggested that in Alzheimer's disease tubulin can be assembled into brain microtubules, but the process is defective, probably because of abnormal phosphorylation of tau.

TL;DR: In asthma, damage to airway epithelium, possibly caused by eosinophil products, exposes C-fibre afferent nerve endings and Stimulation of these endings by inflammatory mediators may result in an axon (local) reflex, which could account for at least some of the pathophysiology of asthma and this concept might lead to new strategies for treatment.

TL;DR: In a double-blind trial in 21 patients with spasmodic torticollis botulinum-A toxin, both subjective and objective improvement were recorded, including significant pain relief in 14 of the 16 patients presenting with pain.

TL;DR: Percutaneous transluminal balloon catheter aortic valvuloplasty was carried out in three elderly patients with acquired severe aortIC valve stenosis as a simple alternative to aorta replacement in elderly and/or high-risk patients.

TL;DR: The results support earlier observations linking mild vitamin A deficiency to increased mortality and suggest that supplements given to vitamin A deficient populations may decrease mortality by as much as 34%.

TL;DR: The findings show that important pathology can be overlooked if only a single biopsy specimen is taken, and that the method of obtaining 3 consecutive specimens improves the diagnostic yield of liver biopsy without an associated increase in complications.

TL;DR: Positive hybridisation signals, quantified by densitometry, were obtained with 9 of 17 samples from patients with histological evidence of active or healing myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy with inflammatory changes, and no Coxsackie-B-virus-specific sequences were detected in 4 samples from Patients in whom a viral aetiology was unlikely and the histological diagnosis was negative for myocardritis.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the natural history of prostate cancer is highly predictable and the capacity to metastasise probably develops only in tumours which have grown much larger than 1 ml and acquired poorly differentiated areas as a manifestation of the phenomenon of tumour progression.

TL;DR: Despite the general fall in mortality the relative disadvantage of manual compared with non-manual classes has increased for each of these 4 cause groups and the regional differences in CHD mortality persist.

TL;DR: Differences in drug intake were evident for both gastric and duodenal ulcer, and are likely to be important in view of the widespread use of these drugs in elderly people.

TL;DR: Its persistence or reappearance seems to correlate with clinical, immunological, and neurological deterioration, and the findings suggest that HIV-Ag appears early and transiently in primary HIV infection.

TL;DR: There was a striking relation between booking Hb values and the subsequent frequency of hypertension (p less than 0.001), and significant differences emerged in perinatal mortality between those with high and those with intermediate Hb levels at 13-19 weeks' gestation.

TL;DR: Only patients with kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) and malaria were found to have a strikingly increased frequency of raised TNF levels, suggesting that this cytokine may play a part in host defences against parasitic infections.

TL;DR: PAF may contribute to the pathogenesis of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which is the most characteristic abnormality in asthma, and has a greater effect in raising responsiveness.