Showing papers in "The Lancet in 1994"

TL;DR: It is shown that fibrinolytic therapy can reduce mortality in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the indications for, and contraindications to, this therapy.

TL;DR: A strategy of initial CABG surgery is associated with lower mortality than one of medical management with delayed surgery if necessary, especially in high-risk and medium- risk patients with stable coronary heart disease, and in low-risk patients, the limited data show a non-significant trend towards greater mortality with CABGs.

TL;DR: An alpha-linolenic acid-rich Mediterranean diet seems to be more efficient than presently used diets in the secondary prevention of coronary events and death.

TL;DR: In this paper, the risks of breast and ovarian cancer from the occurrence of second cancers in individuals with breast cancer, and examined the risk of other cancers in BRCA1 carriers.

TL;DR: The results provide the first good evidence that specific cytokine blockade can be effective in human inflammatory disease and define a new direction for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

TL;DR: Anti-GAD is a valuable early predictive marker and is associated with a very high risk for development of IDDM, and was measured in prediabetic sera from 151 women aged 20-39 years with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus who had been identified through a nationwide diabetes register.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the NO in patients with asthma using a slow vital capacity manoeuvre and an adapted chemiluminescence analyser and found that NO was detectable in exhaled air of 67 control subjects (mean peak concentration 80·2 [SE4·1] ppb) and was significantly reduced by inhaling the specific NO synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl-Larginine.

TL;DR: Differences between children destined to develop schizophrenia as adults and the general population were found across a range of developmental domains, and the origins of schizophrenia may be found in early life.

TL;DR: There was a significant association between epsilon 4 and sporadic AD, and apoE may be an important susceptibility factor in the aetiopathology of sporadic AD.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the neurodegenerative processes associated with normal ageing and with Alzheimer's disease are qualitatively different and that Alzheimer's Disease is not accelerated by ageing but is a distinct pathological process.

TL;DR: The favourable effect of lisinopril alone or with GTN was clear also in the predefined high-risk populations (elderly patients and women) for the combined endpoint and in a population intensively exposed to recommended treatments.

TL;DR: The supplementation of infant formula with B bifidum and S thermophilus can reduce the incidence of acute diarrhoea and rotavirus shedding in infants admitted to hospital.

TL;DR: The results show the importance of wide local excision during resection for rectal cancer, and the need for routine assessment of the circumferential margin to assess prognosis.

TL;DR: Recalculation of population incidences shows that the absolute risk of venous thrombosis in young women who use oral contraceptives is much larger when they carry the factor V Leiden mutation.

TL;DR: NSAIDS should be used cautiously in patients who have other risk factors for UGIB; these include advanced age, smoking, history of peptic ulcer, and use of oral corticosteroids or anticoagulants.

TL;DR: This paper addresses questions about when primary care physicians act as "gatekeepers" to specialist services, what is the effect on outcomes, and how many general practitioners are needed in a primary-care-oriented system.

TL;DR: There was no significant difference between the groups in adverse effects or exacerbations of asthma, indicating that in this group of patients regular beta 2-agonist therapy was not associated with any risk of deteriorating asthma control over 6 months.

TL;DR: The findings do not support routine prophylactic or therapeutic administration of antiplatelet therapy in pregnancy to all women at increased risk of pre-eclampsia or IUGR, but low-dose aspirin may be justified in women judged to be especially liable to early-onset pre- eClampsia severe enough to need very preterm delivery.

TL;DR: SPAF-II aims to address the issue of unclear value of warfarin relative to aspirin and also to assess the differential effects of the two treatments according to age.

TL;DR: Low-dose amiodarone proved to be an effective and reliable treatment, reducing mortality and hospital admission in patients with severe heart failure independently of the presence of complex ventricular arrhythmias.

TL;DR: The benefit of c 7E3 bolus/c7E3 infusion is extended from reducing abrupt closure and acute-phase adverse outcomes to a diminished need for subsequent coronary revascularisation procedures.

TL;DR: Treatment and prevention directed at the underlying risk factors, including high blood pressure, constitute a complementary and more fundamental approach to reducing the burden of illness.

TL;DR: Assessment of previous use of NSAIDs in patients aged 60 and older admitted to hospitals in five large cities with peptic ulcer bleeding found the lowest possible doses should be used; and the least toxic NSAIDs should be selected.

TL;DR: The association of increased QT dispersion with sudden death suggests that patients at high risk of such death could be identified by means of this simple, reproducible test.

TL;DR: Endoscopic stenting and surgery are effective palliative treatments with the former having fewer early treatment-related complications and the latter fewer late complications.

TL;DR: In the past ten years several research fields have converged to show that the tiny molecule nitric oxide (NO), a reactive gas, functions both as a signalling molecule in endothelial and nerve cells and as a killer molecule by activated immune cells as mentioned in this paper.