Showing papers in "The Lancet in 2012"
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
11,809 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010.
9,324 citations
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TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
7,021 citations
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TL;DR: The results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results and highlight the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account.
6,861 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify the effect of physical inactivity on these major non-communicable diseases by estimating how much disease could be averted if inactive people were to become active and to estimate gain in life expectancy at the population level.
6,119 citations
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TL;DR: The findings challenge the single-disease framework by which most health care, medical research, and medical education is configured, and a complementary strategy is needed, supporting generalist clinicians to provide personalised, comprehensive continuity of care, especially in socioeconomically deprived areas.
4,839 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe physical activity levels worldwide with data for adults (15 years or older) from 122 countries and for adolescents (13-15-years-old) from 105 countries.
4,373 citations
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TL;DR: Worldwide, regional, and national estimates of preterm birth rates for 184 countries in 2010 with time trends for selected countries are reported, and a quantitative assessment of the uncertainty surrounding these estimates is provided.
3,742 citations
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TL;DR: The latest estimates of causes of child mortality in 2010 with time trends since 2000 show that only tetanus, measles, AIDS, and malaria (in Africa) decreased at an annual rate sufficient to attain the Millennium Development Goal 4.
3,441 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a broad view of health behaviour causation, with the social and physical environment included as contributors to physical inactivity, particularly those outside the health sector, such as urban planning, transportation systems, and parks and trails, is presented.
3,063 citations
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TL;DR: Use of CT scans in children to deliver cumulative doses of about 50 mGy might almost triple the risk of leukaemia and doses ofabout 60 m Gy might triple therisk of brain cancer.
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TL;DR: Dabrafenib significantly improved progression-free survival compared with dacarbazine, and skin-related toxic effects, fever, fatigue, arthralgia, and headache were uncommon in both groups.
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TL;DR: The crucial factor that needs to be emphasised with regard to the health effects of selenium is the inextricable U-shaped link with status; whereas additional seenium intake may benefit people with low status, those with adequate-to-high status might be affected adversely and should not take selenum supplements.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarise present global efforts to counteract this problem and point the way forward to address the pandemic of physical inactivity, concluding that, although evidence for the benefits of physical activity for health has been available since the 1950s, promotion to improve the health of populations has lagged in relation to the available evidence.
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TL;DR: Reduction of LDL cholesterol with a statin reduced the risk of major vascular events, largely irrespective of age, sex, baseline LDL cholesterol or previous vascular disease, and of vascular and all-cause mortality.
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TL;DR: Observational evidence shows associations between prediabetes and early forms of nephropathy, chronic kidney disease, small fibre neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and increased risk of macrovascular disease, while accumulating data also show potential benefits from pharmacotherapy.
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TL;DR: Evidence suggests that patients who have had acute kidney injury are at increased risk of subsequent chronic kidney disease, and new diagnostic techniques (eg, renal biomarkers) might help with early diagnosis.
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TL;DR: New understandings of the diverse and dynamic effects on adolescent health include insights into the effects of puberty and brain development, together with social media, which provide important opportunities to improve health, both in adolescence and later in life.
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TL;DR: Mepolizumab is an effective and well tolerated treatment that reduces the risk of asthma exacerbations in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma.
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TL;DR: The epidemiology, immunobiology, amd natural history of Crohn's disease is discussed; new treatment goals and risk stratification of patients are described; and an evidence based rational approach to diagnosis is provided.
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Radboud University Nijmegen1, Seoul National University Hospital2, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven3, University of Turin4, University of Pennsylvania5, Institut Gustave Roussy6, Leiden University Medical Center7, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust8, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer9, GlaxoSmithKline10, Harvard University11, Brigham and Women's Hospital12
TL;DR: This phase 3 study investigated the effect of pazopanib on progression-free survival in patients with metastatic non-adipocytic soft-tissue sarcoma after failure of standard chemotherapy.
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TL;DR: Improving adolescent health worldwide requires improving young people's daily life with families and peers and in schools, addressing risk and protective factors in the social environment at a population level, and focusing on factors that are protective across various health outcomes.
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TL;DR: In meta-analyses involving taxane-based or anthracycline-based regimens, proportional risk reductions were little affected by age, nodal status, tumour diameter or differentiation (moderate or poor; few were well differentiated), oestrogen receptor status, or tamoxifen use.
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TL;DR: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China was high in north and southwest and southwest regions compared with other regions, and economic development was independently associated with the presence of albuminuria.
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TL;DR: Unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence is common worldwide but often unrecognised, and the incidence, notably in girls, rises sharply after puberty and, by the end of adolescence, the 1 year prevalence rate exceeds 4%.
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TL;DR: Major challenges include the development of greater understanding of the factors that contribute to self-harm and suicide in young people, especially mechanisms underlying contagion and the effect of new media.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that screening reduces breast cancer mortality but that some overdiagnosis occurs, and results from observational studies support the occurrence of over Diagnosis, but estimates of its magnitude are unreliable.
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TL;DR: The findings show that the malaria mortality burden is larger than previously estimated, especially in adults, and there has been a rapid decrease in malaria mortality in Africa because of the scaling up of control activities supported by international donors.
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TL;DR: It is shown that the high probability of transmission per act through receptive anal intercourse has a central role in explaining the disproportionate disease burden in MSM and prevention strategies that lower biological transmission and acquisition risks offer promise.
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TL;DR: In this paper, Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) were used to reduce scarring after myocardial infarction, increase viable myocardium, and boost cardiac function in preclinical models.