Showing papers in "The Philosophical Quarterly in 1993"
2,947 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a collection of essays based on the Locke Lectures that Nagel delivered at Oxford University in 1990 addresses the conflict between the claims of the group and those of the individual.
Abstract: This collection of essays, based on the Locke Lectures that Nagel delivered at Oxford University in 1990, addresses the conflict between the claims of the group and those of the individual. Nagel attempts to clarify the nature of the conflict - one of the most fundamental problems in moral and political theory - and concludes that its reconciliation is the essential task of any legitimate political system.
582 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Singer as mentioned in this paper discusses the origins of ethics in small-scale societies, and the nature of ethics: realism intuitionism naturalism subjectivism relativism universal prescriptivism morality and pyschological development method and moral theory.
Abstract: Introduction, Peter Singer. Part 1 The roots: the origins of ethics ethics in small-scale societies ancient ethics (Mary Midgley, George Silberbauer, Gerald A.Larue). Part 2 The great ethical traditions: Indian ethics Buddhist ethics classical Chinese ethics Jewish ethics Christian ethics Islamic ethics (Purusottama Bilimoria, et al). Part 3 Western philosophical ethics: a short history - ethics in Ancient Greece medieval & Renaissance ethics modern Western ethics (Christopher Rowe, John Haldane, J.B.Schneewind). Part 4 How ought I to live?: natural law Kantian ethics the social contract tradition egoism contemporary deontology an ethic of Prima Facie duties consequentialism utility and the good virtue theory rights (Stephen Buckle, et al). Part 5 Applications: world poverty environmental ethics euthanasia abortion sex personal relationships equality discrimination and preferential treatment animals business ethics crime and punishment politics and the problem of dirty hands war and peace (Nigel Dower, et al). Part 6 The nature of ethics: realism intuitionism naturalism subjectivism relativism universal prescriptivism morality and pyschological development method and moral theory (Michael Smith, et al). Part 7 Challenge and critique: the idea of a female ethic the significance of evolution Marx against morality does ethics depend on religion? the implications of determinism (Jean Grimshaw, et al).
529 citations
TL;DR: Ketner and Putman as mentioned in this paper discuss the consequences of mathematics and the conduct of life in their lecture "The Consequences of Mathematics" and "The Logic of Continuity".
Abstract: Editorial Procedures Abbreviations Introduction: The Consequences of Mathematics Kenneth Laine Ketner and Hilary Putman Comment on the Lectures Hilary Putman Lecture One: Philosophy and the Conduct of Life Lecture Two: Types of Reasoning [Exordium for Lecture Three] Lecture Three: The Logic of Relatives Lecture Four: First Rule of Logic Lecture Five: Training in Reasoning Lecture Six: Causation and Force Lecture Seven: Habit Lecture Eight: The Logic of Continuity Notes Index
215 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Beiser discusses the transition problems in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit and the problem of metaphysics in metaphysics, and the basic context and structure of Hegel's Philosophy of Right.
Abstract: Introduction: Hegel and the problem of metaphysics Frederick C. Beiser 1. Hegel's intellectual development to 1807 H. S. Harris 2. You can't get there from here: transition problems in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit Robert Pippin 3. Hegel's conception of logic John Burbidge 4. Hegel's idealism: the logic of conceptuality Thomas E. Wartenberg 5. Hegel's dialectical method Michael Forster 6. Thought and being: Hegel's critique of Kant's theoretical philosophy Paul Guyer 7. Hegel's ethics Allen W. Wood 8. The basic context and structure of Hegel's Philosophy of Right Kenneth Westphal 9. Hegel's historicism Frederick C. Beiser 10. Hegel on religion and philosophy Laurence Dickey 11. Hegel's aesthetics: and overview Robert Wicks 12. Transformations of Hegelianism, 1805-1846 John Toews 13. Hegel and Marxism Allen W. Wood 15. Hegel and analytic philosophy Peter Hylton.
200 citations
TL;DR: The text of "De Anima" and its recent interpreters, Amelie Oksenberg Rorty is an Aristotelian philosophy of mind still credible? - a draft, M.C. Nussbaum and Hilary Putnam hylomorphism and functionalism, S.E. Lloyd dialectic, motion, and perception, Charlotte Witt "DeAnima" 2 and the meaning of life, Gareth B. Matthews intentionality and physiological processes - Aristotle's theory of sense-perception, Richard Sorabji Aristotle on the sense of touch
Abstract: The text of Aristotle's "De Anima", Martha C. Nussbaum "De Anima" and its recent interpreters, Amelie Oksenberg Rorty is an Aristotelian philosophy of mind still credible? - a draft, M.F. Burnyeat changing Aristotle's mind, Martha C. Nussbaum and Hilary Putnam hylomorphism and functionalism, S.Marc Cohen living bodies, Jennifer Whiting on Aristotle's conception of the soul, Michael Frede "Psuche" versus the mind, K.V. Wilkes explaining the various forms of living, Alan Code and Julius Moravcsik aspects of the relationship between Aristotle's psychology and his zoology, G.E.R. Lloyd dialectic, motion, and perception - "De Anima", Book 1, Charlotte Witt "De Anima" 2 and the meaning of life, Gareth B. Matthews intentionality and physiological processes - Aristotle's theory of sense-perception, Richard Sorabji Aristotle on the sense of touch, Cynthia Freeland Aristotle on the imagination, Malcolm Schofield the cognitive role of "Phantasia" in Aristotle, Dorothea Frede Aristotle on memory and the self, Julia Annas "Nous Poietikos" - survey of earlier interpretations, Franz Brentano what does the maker mind make?, L.A. Kosman Aristotle on thinking, Charles H. Kahn desire and the good in "De Anima", Henry S. Richardson.
171 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a systematic exposition of moral principles that can guide our decisions concerning the existence, number and identity of future people, including the obligation to continue the race.
Abstract: Unprecedented advances in medicine, genetic engineering and demographic forecasting raise new questions of traditional ethical theories. Do potential people have rights? Can a child that is born handicapped sue the parents? Have people living in the present any moral obligation to future generations and populations, including the obligation to continue the race? This book is a systematic exposition of moral principles that can guide our decisions concerning the existence, number and identity of future people. David Heyd claims that potential people do not have moral status. Reproductive choices must therefore be guided only by the rational desires and values of those who already exist. Heyd's approach resolves many paradoxes in intergenerational justice, while offering a major test case for the profound problems of the limits of ethics and the nature of value.
146 citations
TL;DR: On the wide and narrow: as discussed by the authors discusses the role of content in the wide-and-narrow discussion of science, including how content has been naturalized and what narrow content is not.
Abstract: On the wide and narrow, Louise Antony and Joseph Levine has content been naturalized, Lynne Rudder Baker what narrow content is not, Ned Block naturalizing content, Paul Boghossian granny's campaign for safe science, Daniel Dennett why Fodor can't have it both ways, Michael Devitt can we explain intentionality?, Brian Loar can there be vindication without representation?, Robert Matthews speaking up for Darwin, Ruth Millikan Fodor and psychological explanations, John Perry and David Israel how to do semantics for the language of thought, Robert Stalnaker does mentalese have a conpositional semantics?, Stephen Schiffer connectionism, constituency, and the language of thought, Paul Smolensky narrow content meets fat syntax, Stephen Stich responses, Jerry Fodor.
137 citations
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TL;DR: Tye as discussed by the authors develops a new theory of mental imagery that includes an account of imagistic representation and also tackles questions about the phenomenal qualities of mental images, image indeterminacy, the neurophysiolgical basis of imagery, and the causal relevance of image content to behavior.
Abstract: Michael Tye untangles the complex web of empirical and conceptual issues of the newly revived imagery debate in psychology between those that liken mental images to pictures and those that liken them to linguistic descriptions. He also takes into account longstanding philosophical issues, to arrive at a comprehensive, up-to-date view and an original theory that provides answers to questions raised in both psychology and philosophy.Drawing on the insights of Stephen Kosslyn and the work on vision of David Mart, Tye develops a new theory of mental imagery that includes an account of imagistic representation and also tackles questions about the phenomenal qualities of mental images, image indeterminacy, the neurophysiolgical basis of imagery, and the causal relevance of image content to behavior.Tye introduces the history of philosophical views on the nature of mental imagery from Aristotle to Kant. He examines the reasons for the decline of picture theories of imagery and the use of alternative theories, the reemergence of the picture theory (with special reference to the work of Stephen Kosslyn), and the contrasting view that mental images are inner linguistic descriptions rather than pictorial representations. He then proposes his own theory of images interpreted as symbol-filled arrays in part like pictures and in part like linguistic descriptions, addresses the issue of vagueness in some features of mental images, and argues that images need not have qualia to account for their phenomenological character. Tye concludes by discussing the questions of how images are physically realized in the brain and how the contents of images can be causally related to behavior.Michael Tye holds appointments in Philosophy at both Temple University and Kings College, London.
TL;DR: Sanford Dretske on how reasons explain behaviour, Jaegwon Kim actions, reasons, and the explanatory role of content, Terence Horgan the role of mental meaning in psychological explanation, Robert Cummins ways of establishing harmony, Daniel C.Dennett causal contents, Frederick Adams belief individuation and Dretke on naturalizing content as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Perceptual experience, John Heil scepticism, relevance, and relativity, Stewart Cohen proper knowledge, David H.Sanford Dretske on how reasons explain behaviour, Jaegwon Kim actions, reasons, and the explanatory role of content, Terence Horgan the role of mental meaning in psychological explanation, Robert Cummins ways of establishing harmony, Daniel C.Dennett causal contents, Frederick Adams belief individuation and Dretske on naturalizing content, Brian P.McLaughlin Dretske's replies.
TL;DR: In this paper, Sensory experience, justification, and evidence for belief in reason, justification and evidence are discussed. But they do not consider the cognitive capacities and justification of belief in beliefless beliefs.
Abstract: Introduction Sensory experience Reasons, justification, and evidence I Reasons, Justification, and evidence II Experience and justification Cognitive capacities and justification Groundless beliefs Scepticism Bibliography Index
TL;DR: In this article, the conception des noms communs de Putman is reconsideree en vue de son application aux noms des especes biologiques, i.e.
Abstract: La conception des noms communs de Putman est reconsideree en vue de son application aux noms des especes biologiques
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TL;DR: This book is a monograph on Hegel and his Language and its application in the usage of the Dictionary of Hegel.
Abstract: Preface. Notes on the Use of the Dictionary. Hegel and his Language. Introducing Hegel. Dictionary Entries A--Z. Bibliography. Index of foreign--language terms. General index.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the state-of-the-art methods to solve the problem of cyberbullying in the context of cyber-bullying.
Abstract: Contents ONE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE SIX SEVEN EIGHT NINE TEN ELEVEN
TL;DR: This paper published a volume of essays on the Letter of Toleration of the first author of the Declaration of Independence, including reprints of the most important articles on the letter and new material specially commissioned for the volume and published here.
Abstract: Though several editions of Locke's Letter of Toleration art available, the unique value of this volume lies in the fact that it conbines both the text of the Letter and interpretative, critical essays. Several essays are reprints of the most important articles on the Letter, but there is also new material , specially commissioned for the volume and published here for the first time. Given the importance of Locke's Letter on Toleration, this volume will be welcomed by both students and teachers of political philosophy, the history of political thought, as well as philosophy and politics generally.
TL;DR: On Two Deflationary Truth Theories as mentioned in this paper, some reflections on the prosentential theory of truth, Paradox and Reference, Two Theorems concerning Stability, the Complexity of Decision Procedures in Relevance Logic and Relevant Predication 3: Essential Properties.
Abstract: On Two Deflationary Truth Theories.- Some Reflections On The Prosentential Theory of Truth.- Paradox and Reference.- Two Theorems concerning Stability.- The Complexity of Decision Procedures in Relevance Logic.- Relevant Predication 3: Essential Properties.- The Dog: Relevance and Rationality.- Consistency and Logical Consequence.- On What Cannot Be.- Durations: Temporal Intervals with Gaps and Undetermined Edges.- Categorical Semantics.- The Myth of the Intuitionistic "Or".- What Mathematical Truth Need Not Be.- A Tour of the Multivariate Lambda Calculus.- Choice Trees.- The Extensional but Hyper-Intensional Calculus C? with Orderless Constants and Variables.- A Skeptical Theory of Mixed Inheritance.- The Logic of Mitchill v. Lath.- What are Absolute Probabilities a Function of?.- How Prediction Enhances Confirmation.- Figures in a Probability Landscape.- Nuel Belnap: Curriculum Vitae.- Nuel Belnap: Doctoral Students.- Nuel Belnap: Publications.- Index of Names.- Index of Subjects.
TL;DR: The authors provides a clear and authoritative survey of the Western tradition in metaphysics and epistemology from the Presocratics to the present day, aiming at the beginning student, highlighting the central points in each contributor's doctrines and offering a lucid discussion of the next-level details that both fill out the general themes and encourage the reader to pursue the arguments still further through a detailed guide to further reading.
Abstract: This revised and updated edition of a standard work provides a clear and authoritative survey of the Western tradition in metaphysics and epistemology from the Presocratics to the present day. Aimed at the beginning student, it presents the ideas of the major philosophers and their schools of thought in a readable and engaging way, highlighting the central points in each contributor's doctrines and offering a lucid discussion of the next-level details that both fills out the general themes and encourages the reader to pursue the arguments still further through a detailed guide to further reading. Whether John Shand is discussing the slow separation of philosophy and theology in Augustine, Aquinas and Ockham, the rise of rationalism, British empiricism, German idealism or the new approaches opened up by Russell, Sartre and Wittgenstein, he combines succinct but insightful exposition with crisp critical comment. This new edition will continue to provide students with a valuable work of initial reference.
TL;DR: In this article, the interpretation of colour space simplicity sensations and science is discussed. But they do not discuss the relationship between colour space and physicalism, which is different from ours.
Abstract: Introduction white brown grey black red, green and physicalism impossible colours and the interpretation of colour space simplicity sensations and science.
TL;DR: The authors propose de nouveaux contre arguments against arguments for the existence of a condition necessaire constituante d'une explication en philosophie de l'histoire.
Abstract: Apres avoir suscite la controverse autour de la conception de l'existence d'une condition necessaire constituante d'une explication en philosophie de l'histoire, l'A. propose de nouveaux contre arguments
TL;DR: Critique de Consciousness Explained de Dennett (1991) as discussed by the authors proposes a solution to the problems of l'esprit-corps of the human body. But this solution is difficult to implement.
Abstract: Critique de Consciousness Explained de Dennett (1991) qui propose une solution au probleme de l'esprit-corps