Showing papers in "Thin Solid Films in 2005"

TL;DR: In this paper, different approaches to the preparation of superhard coatings such as intrinsically superhard materials, coatings whose hardness is enhanced by energetic ion bombardment during deposition, and nanostructured super-hard materials are discussed with the emphasis on the question of how to distinguish between the different mechanisms of hardness enhancement in thin coatings.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple model for the reactive sputtering process is described, based on which it is possible to predict the processing behaviour for many different ways of carrying out this process, and also to use the results of the modeling work to scale processes from laboratory size to large industrial processes.

TL;DR: In this article, the photovoltaic properties of CZTS-based thin film solar cells fabricated by using three types of precursors: (1) the conventional precursor with stacked layers of ZnO:Al/CdS, (2) the modified precursor with the stacking order of Sn/Cu/ZnS, and (3) the precursor with five periods of Cu/SnS 2 /Zn S, which was produced to increase the amount of S and to enhance the interdiffusion in precursor.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the carrier transport properties in amorphous oxide semiconductor InGaZnO 4 (a-IGZO) thin films using temperature dependence of Hall measurements and found that Hall mobility increased distinctly as carrier concentration increased.

TL;DR: In this article, a super-hydrophobic silica-based films were obtained by means of sol-gel processing and self-assembly, and the desired surface roughness was obtained by tuning the microstructures of the sol-gels through careful control of hydrolysis and condensation reactions of various silica precursors.

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the evolutions of electrodeposition of semiconductors, as a function of time and material category (IV, III-V, II-VI), is given.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present some of the recent results already obtained as well as the ones that are being developed in their laboratory, showing that the combination of high channel mobility and transparency produced at room temperature makes these thin film transistors a very promising low cost device for the next generation of invisible and flexible electronics.

TL;DR: A critical review of the present state of the knowledge in the field of dc reactive magnetron sputtering of compound films is given in this article, where the conditions under which oxides are reactively sputtered with high deposition rates aD oxide achieving up to approximately 77% of that of a pure metal aD Me.

TL;DR: In this article, the surface chemistry of L-CVD SnO2 thin films on Si(100) before and after subsequent additional oxidation was studied. And the ageing effect was also checked in order to check the influence of ambient oxidation.

TL;DR: In this paper, both pulsed dc and mid-frequency ac power was used to prevent arcing during reactive sputtering of insulating films. But the results showed that the results were not optimal.

TL;DR: The effect of preheating temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films is discussed in this paper, where the optical band gap energy is evaluated to be 3.24∼3.26 eV and photoluminescence shows the ultraviolet emission at near band edge and broad green-yellow radiation at 490∼620 nm.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the technical progress that has occurred in the last decade in the development of Cd-free buffer layers for Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based thin-film solar cells and modules.

TL;DR: In this paper, a uniform and TiO2 nanoparticle coating on steels has been prepared using sol-gel method and hydrothermal post-treatments, and the morphology and structure of the coatings were analysed using atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of bulk and interface recombination for a broad range of absorber band-gap energies assuming that the Ga/In ratio primarily affects the conduction band were investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of an in depth variation of the Ga/(In+Ga) ratio in CIGS-based thin film solar cells is presented, based on a review of earlier publications, theoretical considerations and results from a large set of new devices.

TL;DR: In this article, a spray pyrolysis of aqueous copper acetate solutions at temperatures over 200-300 8C range was performed to determine textural and structural properties of the films.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the ideality factor of the current/voltage curve for small-area Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 thin-film solar cells with a standard deviation σ g ≈50 meV due to spatial variations of composition and stoichiometry.

TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction kinetics of MoSe2 formation were investigated by selenizing Mo layers in Se vapor at different temperatures and for different durations, and it was found that in all samples, a homogeneous MoSe 2 layer is formed on top of the Mo layer.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors give an overview of the historical development, current status, and near to mid-term future of CuInS 2 -based devices, and present a pilot production line for full size (120×60 cm 2 ) modules is currently being established.

TL;DR: In this article, the distribution and morphology of lattice defects can be related to the electrical properties of multicrystalline silicon ingots and carbon in EFG ribbons and their interaction with extended defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple process for the deposition of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers is described, and a low-cost CIGS precursor paste is subsequently selenized under selenium vapour in a quartz tube at 10 mbar (10 min at 550 °C).

TL;DR: In this article, a concept for organic solar cells where the layer sequence is inverted compared to the conventional setup was reported. And the authors showed that poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) fits to these requirements.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed indium-tinoxide/perylene diimide (or bathocuproine (BCP))/poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene (MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl C60 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend/copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/Au interpenetrated network polymer solar cells in order to improve air stability.

TL;DR: In this article, Lanthanide oxide (Ln 2 O 3 ) thin films were grown onto silicon (100) substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using volatile β-diketonate-type Ln(thd) 3 (thd=2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione) compounds and ozone as precursors.

TL;DR: In this article, the morphology, electronic conductivity, and thermal stability of the composite films have been studied by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, copper, silver, and gold targets were sputtered in various reactive gas mixtures (Ar-N 2, Ar-O 2, and Ar-CH 4 ) to compare the reactivity of noble metal atoms during the sputtering process.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce a few approaches, especially from European laboratories, to fabricate flexible CIGS-based modules and discuss their respective features on metal and polymer substrates.

TL;DR: In this article, the absorption behavior of these hybrid coatings on glass was investigated as function of layer thickness and concentration for two different organic UV absorbers (based on benztriazol and phenylacrylate).

TL;DR: In this article, thin films of fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F) on glass were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique using stannous chloride (SnCl2) and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) as precursors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the performances of solar cells processed with Na diffusing from the glass substrate during growth with those of cells with post-deposition Na incorporation and thus obtained an indication of the significance of Na-induced modifications of CIGS growth for cell efficiency.