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Showing papers in "TIJ's Research Journal of Social Science & Management - RJSSM in 2015"


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to find out the nature of self concept and emotional intelligence of children with visual impairment and found that there is noticeable difference due to the status of visual impairment, both boys and girls.
Abstract: India has a large number of blind populations The National Sample Survey carried out in 2011 estimated that, there are about 4 million blind populations in the country It is necessary to explore their self concept and emotional intelligence Research in this area is scanty and inconclusive and therefore, the children having sensory deprivation have been chosen as the subject of study It is necessary to find out what they feel about themselves and environments, how do they manage their own emotions and those of others The objective of the present study is to find out the nature of self concept and emotional intelligence of boys and girls with visual impairment The sample of the present study was drawn from five schools and the samples were students of VII – X, both boys and girls Children’s Self-Concept Scale (CSCS) by Aluwalia (1986) and Emotional Intelligence Scale were administered to the students In the present study, category wise analyses of data were done by calculating the Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA for all the scales and factors of self- concept and emotional intelligence It is observed that, in the case of self-concept and emotional intelligence, there is noticeable difference due to the status of visual impairment, both boys and girls Therefore the disadvantaged section of the society should learn to behave responsively towards environment and gradually improve the quality of life

8 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the use of ordered logit model was used to examine the incidence of education mismatch in Mauritius and found that 59 percent of graduates are facing education-job mismatch.
Abstract: This paper describes the use of ordered logit model to examine the incidence of education mismatch in Mauritius. The research uses primary data which were drawn from a survey of 750 graduates below 35 years across the island. The education-job mismatch was determined by comparing the number of years of the education level attained and the required number of years of education for the job. The study confirms 59 percent of graduates are facing education-job mismatch. Our results highlight that explanatory variables namely age, age squared, education level, field of study, job occupation (professional work) and monthly incomes less than 12, 500rs are statistically significant. In that case, it was concluded that the authorities should analyse the labour market needs (short, medium and long term) in order to create quality jobs. Reform in labour market institutions and human resource development is needed, and a demand driven education is needed. Citizen education should also be introduced in order to develop positive attitudes among the graduates towards the Mauritian labour market.

6 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied different methods for acquiring information on consumers' perception and expectations which influence the purchasing and consumption of personal care and cosmetic are assessed, and concluded that consumers today are much more demanding in terms of quality and safety, product labeling, determination of producers to implement certain health standards, etc.
Abstract: Generally, it is not an easy task to process the factors influencing the consumer to accept certain personal care and Cosmetics while assessing is multi-dimensional. Also, it is not always simple to establish the connection between the physiological perception and reaction of the consumer response of in case of personal care or cosmetic products, is not only based on sensory properties of the product and its physical status, but it is also associated with other factors like previous knowledge, previous experience, as well as, consumer attitudes and beliefs. In the present globalized scenario, the consumers today are much more demanding in terms of quality and safety, product labeling, determination of producers to implement certain health standards, etc. The researcher in this paper has studied different methods for acquiring the information on consumers’ perception and expectations which influence the purchasing and consumption of personal care and cosmetic are assessed.

6 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined household energy consumption in Ogun State using multinomial logit and Tobit regression models and found that the effect of family size on the choice of fuels is negative and nonlinear.
Abstract: This study examines household energy consumption in Ogun State. Primary data on socio- economic characteristics of household head, expenditure on energy and non energy sources were collected from 150 respondents using stratified random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logit were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze socio economic characteristics of household head and to determine the share of each energy source on total expenditure on energy. Multinomial Logit and Tobit regression models were employed for the analysis of the determinants of fuel choice, the determinants of energy consumption. The determinants of fuel choice (solids) are prices of wood and kerosene and family size squared significantly and positively influence the choice of fuels while prices of wood, kerosene and electricity determines the monthly household’s expenditure on fuels. The effect of family size on the choice of fuels is negative and nonlinear

6 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the cause of the ineffectiveness of the design of local officer organization in the western part of Seram Regency by using the model of Galbraith organizational design.
Abstract: This research aims at analyzing the cause of the ineffectiveness of the design of local officer organization in the western part of Seram Regency by using the model of Galbraith organizational design. The data were analyzed by using qualitative descriptive method with the positivism paradigm and case study approach. The research was conducted in some SKPD (working units of local officer) in the Western part of Seram Regency, including one secretariat, two technical institutions, four local government offices and one subdistrict office. The key informants were the leader and officers of working units that become the research samples. From each working unit, five officers were selected as informants. Data collection was conducted through observations, deep interviews and data triangulation. The results reveal that the organizational design in the Western part of Seram Regency is not effective because the design process is not conducted according to the steps of organizational design included in Galbraith model. Key Words: effectiveness of organizational design, Galbraith model

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the Apostle Paul's interpretation of the veil and the glory in episode of Moses bringing the Ten Commandments (Ex 34:29-35) indicates that Paul sees himself and the other apostles of the New Covenant as like a new Moses or rather as Moses was in his generation so the Apostles were in their generation bringing a New Covenant from YHWH which was superior to the one given on Sinai and promised in Jeremiah 31:31.
Abstract: In this paper I will argue that the Apostle Paul's interpretation of veil and the glory in episode of Moses bringing the Ten Commandments (Ex 34:29-35) indicates that Paul sees himself and the other apostles of the New Covenant as like a "new" Moses or rather as Moses was in his generation so the Apostles were in their generation bringing a New Covenant from YHWH which was superior to the one given on Sinai and promised in Jeremiah 31:31. Secondly that for Paul the light he saw in Messiah's face meant that Messiah was the living image of God, YHWH, the Spirit, and that the light Moses reflected when communing with YHWH was the same light Paul, his co-workers and the saints (קודשים) reflected when they communed with the Spirit (2 Cor 3:18) which was transforming them into the image of Messiah Yehoshua (Christ Jesus). In believing this he was reflecting the Church tradition seen in other New Covenant writings (John 1:1-18, 2 Pet 1:16-17).

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the role of climate and Hardy personality with regard to Organizational Citizenship Behavior was observed and the mediating effects of self-efficacy towards Organizing Citizenship Behavior by proposing a conceptual framework.
Abstract: This article attempts to observe the role of Organizational Climate and Hardy Personality with regard to Organizational Citizenship Behavior. This study also looks into the mediating effects of Self-efficacy towards Organizational Citizenship Behavior by proposing a conceptual framework – “KALVAL OCB Model”. Adopting a descriptive research, a multi-stage random sampling technique, which belongs to the category of probability sampling, is used to select the unbiased respondents. The sample size calculated for this study is 240 respondents. By eliminating and revising double-barreled, ambiguous, and misleading statements, 196 completely filled questionnaires (81.66% response rate) remained and are used for further analysis. The formulated hypotheses are tested by applying multiple linear regression, mediating effects, and structural equation modelling (SEM). Managerial implications and recommendations for further research are discussed in the article.

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of varied attributes on the consumers' attitude towards online grocery shopping was examined, including perceived cost, convenience, risk, and enjoyability, in a study conducted in India.
Abstract: The concept of online grocery shopping is in its nascent stage. This study has been carried out to examine the impact of varied attributes on the consumers’ attitude towards online grocery shopping. Perceived Cost, Convenience, Risk and Enjoyable are the four attributes examined in this study. The sub-populations of the various demographic traits and usage behavior will be compared and analyzed to find out if there is any significant difference amongst the attitudes of sub-populations towards online grocery shopping in India.

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the students' attitudes toward seeking psychological help for mental health problems and found that more educated, female respondents who are in the middle age are more likely to seek help.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to examine the students’ attitudes toward seeking psychological help for mental health problems. The Data was collected from July to August 2015 from 600 students from three state universities in Sri Lanka. The students’ help seeking attitudes were measured using Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMHS). Actual Help Seeking Questionnaire (AHSQ) was used to measure the actual help seeking behavior of the participants. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20) and AMOS 20. More educated, female respondents who are in the middle age are more likely to seek help for their mental health problems. Most of the students believe the importance of seeking psychological help for mental health problems. However, it is necessary to improve the students’ mental health literacy to improve the positive treatment beliefs for mental health problems. Interventions to change people’s attitudes towards seeking psychological help for mental health problems are significant.

4 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of studies has been done to know about the prominent areas that exist in the employee employer literature pertaining to work life balance practices, which have been seen affecting the employer's brand experience, organizational commitment of the employees and the intention to turnover.
Abstract: Work life balance is an important concept in the employee-employer literature and is relevant from the point of increasing employee satisfaction with their company. Every person wants to maintain equilibrium between their work and family spheres so that they can lead a balanced life. This is the reason that employees now look for or prefer companies that offer exclusive and attractive work life balance policies. In this paper a review of studies has been done to know about the prominent areas that exist in the employee employer literature pertaining to work life balance practices. Work life balance practices have been seen affecting the employer’s brand experience, organizational commitment of the employees and the intention to turnover. On the other hand, it was found that the turnover intents of the employees are affected by the organizational commitment levels and employer branding in addition to the work life balance practices. Moreover, inter-relationship between employer brand and organizational commitment has also been found.

4 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the causal relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction affecting behavioral intention of customers in hotel industry has been evaluated, where Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied to evaluate the accuracy of factors in case of service quality.
Abstract: Previous research has indicated that Service quality and customer satisfaction together determine behavioral intentions of customers to a large extent. The current study evaluates the causal relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction affecting behavioral intention of customers in hotel industry. EFA was applied on the data collected for all the three variables separately. EFA identified three factors for service quality and single factor each for the remaining two variables. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied to evaluate the accuracy of factors in case of service quality. Finally Behavioral Intention structural model was tested using AMOS 18. The results of Structural Model testing indicated strong predictive effect of service quality on both customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. However, customer satisfaction was found to have insignificant positive causal effect on behavioral intentions of the customers. Also, Service quality was found to be significant mediator for customer satisfaction – behavioral intention relationship, where as customer satisfaction was not a significant mediator for service quality – Behavioral intention relationship.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the aptness of grounded theory methodology in exploring marketing strategy in the post war marketing environment, which is unique in its characteristics, understanding the in-depth, un-known knowledge in that particular context is needy in the current research gap.
Abstract: Research methodology means, how the research should be undertaken or it is theory or science of methods. Qualitative research refers to interpretative naturalistic approach to the world in which the study of things of in their natural settings, make sense of interpreting , phenomena, in terms of meaning people bring to phenomena. The outcome of the qualitative research is qualitative understanding of phenomena or experiential knowledge about the phenomena. Grounded theory approach although traditionally associated with sociology, nursing and health, and organizational studies. Grounded theory has, in recent years, started to enter the repertoire of marketing and consumer research. However, in comparison to other qualitative methodologies its application is still fairly confined to experiential consumer behavior, despite its potential for theoretical developments across a range of marketing phenomenon that are predicated on a behavioral component. Post war marketing environment is unique in its characteristics, understanding the in-depth, Un- known knowledge in that particular context is needy in the current research gap. Grounded theory grounds theories from the data to make known theories for generating new knowledge still there are lack of researches, which focused to generate theory in the post war marketing environment by using the grounded theory methodology. This study fills the gap by exploring the aptness of grounded theory methodology in exploring marketing strategy in the post war marketing environment. Key words: Grounded theory, Marketing strategy, Post war marketing environment.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the SETP tool was applied on school going teenagers to improve innovative and creative abilities to assess four criterions related to idea were rated for assessment namely number of ideas score during pre-training was 3.90±1.147 while for post-training it was 6.82± 1.380.
Abstract: Innovation and creativity are important traits to achieve enduring success in today’s competitive landscape. SETP tool was applied on school going teenagers to improve innovative and creative abilities. Four criterions related to idea were rated for assessment namelyi) number ii) quality iii) relevancy and iv) analytical progression. Number of ideas score during pre-training was 3.90±1.147 while for post-training it was 6.82±1.380. Score for quality of ideas during pre-training was 3.78±1.200 and after training it jumped to 7.74±1.337. Relevancy of ideas scored 4.00±1.069 before training and it also significantly improved to 6.76±1.379. Grades for analytical progression of ideas during pre-training was 3.94±1.096 while for post-training situation it was 7.66±1.239. SETP tool undoubtedly proved its significance for improving creativity and innovative abilities for teenagers.

Journal Article
TL;DR: The National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector (NCEUS) was constituted in September 2004 as an advisory body and a watchdog for the informal sector to bring about improvement in the productivity of these enterprises as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: While employees in the organized sector have some form of social security, it is the unorganized which is left unattended. The unorganised sector constitute for an overwhelming 93 per cent of the total workforce in India. Some of the issues encountered during organizing these workforces are – identifying the unorganized workers spread over a wide area, differentials in wage levels, high levels of job insecurity, tendency to relocate shops/workplace very easily, communication problems, difficulty in reaching out to women workers, radically small business, longer gestation periods, meagerness of results, and strong involvement from the government. National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector (NCEUS) was constituted in September 2004 as an advisory body and a watchdog for the informal sector to bring about improvement in the productivity of these enterprises. The commission has instituted few social security programs for the unorganised workers namely, National Social Assistance Program, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Program, Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008, Welfare fund, National Social Security Fund. The article discusses some of the schemes that aims to protect the widely neglected group

Journal Article
TL;DR: The need for the hour is a robust public-private partnership for developing rural infrastructure, and such a joint effort between the government and the corporate shall open new business opportunities, both for the corporate as well as the rural populace as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In present scenario, rural India continues to suffer from lack of sufficient basic infrastructure and finds it difficult to undertake activities that can accelerate the pace of economic development. In the absence of infrastructural facilities, there is lack of market access to rural population, and thus, limited livelihood opportunities, agricultural stagnation and aggravation of poverty levels. Absence of infrastructure also makes rural markets fragmented which is characterised by high cost of transaction and high information asymmetry. The need for the hour is a robust public-private partnership for developing rural infrastructure, and such a joint effort between the government and the corporate shall open new business opportunities, both for the corporate as well as the rural populace.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the brand awareness and customer satisfaction towards OlaCabs in Bengaluru region (South and North regions) by using simple percentage analysis and Chi-square analysis.
Abstract: The first dimension of Brand Knowledge is Brand Awareness. It is related to the strength of the brand node or trace in memory, as reflected by consumers’ ability to identify the brand under different conditions (Rossiter and Percy, 1987).Customer satisfaction is “an emotional response to the experiences provided by, associated with particular products or services purchased. This research paper is an attempt to explore the brand awareness and customer satisfaction towards OlaCabs in Bengaluru region (South and North regions).Convenient Data Sampling method is used for Data collection. The study uses both primary data and secondary data. The primary data was collected by using a well-structured questionnaire from 276 respondents and are entered into the sub-tables by using the simple percentage analysis. The tools like simple percentage analysis and Chi-Square Analysis were used. The study was conducted for a period of 5 months from March to July 2015. To conclude, Ola cabs has positioned its brand and has created a good brand image in the minds of customers concerned with personal transportation services compare to Uber and Meru cabs in Bengaluru. Keywords: Brand Awareness, Customer Satisfaction, Ola Cabs.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a study made an attempt to find the discriminate empowerment factor among the satisfied and dissatisfied SHG Members In general, what are the variables which significantly discriminate the respondents of one group (Satisfied) from other group (dissatisfied).
Abstract: There are many organizations and methods evolved to enable women empowerment, one such organization is Self Help Groups (SHGs). Self Help Groups (SHGs) are small voluntary associations of women created for enabling members to reap the benefits out of mutual help, solidarity and joint responsibility. It focuses on self determination, self confidence, self invention and self development by mobilizing internal resources. Self Help Groups is considered as a tool for beginning the process of empowerment, the journey from an un-empowered to an empowered state. The study makes an attempt to find the discriminate empowerment factor among the satisfied and dissatisfied SHG Members In general, what are the variables which significantly discriminate the respondents of one group (Satisfied) from other group (dissatisfied). This study also attempts to find the difference between satisfied SHG and dissatisfied SHG members. Multi-stage sampling technique has been followed to carry out this study.750 members have been selected by using simple random method using lot. The interview schedule was prepared pre-tested with 100 selected SHGs members and utmost care was taken to avoid errors in data collection. Discriminant Function Analysis is used to find out the discriminate empowerment factor among the satisfied and dissatisfied SHG Members and suitable suggestion were provided.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Tetris as an intervention for severe but sub-clinical life stress in young adults was evaluated using a single group pre-test post-test method, where PSS scores were compared.
Abstract: Objective: This study was intended to test the effect of Tetris as an intervention for severe but sub-clinical life stress in young adults. Tetris has been indicated to be useful in many clinical populations, particularly having potential in reducing the occurrence of intrusive recollections in PTSD; and the mechanism it has been hypothesised to work on has cognitive and neurological connections to the experience of stress. Method: Tetris was administered as an intervention on a young adult population (30 males, 30 females between 18-20 years) in India, who had a minimum score of 16 as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale. The design used was a single group pre-test post-test method, where PSS scores were compared. Results: There was a significant reduction in the mean perceived stress levels of the group post intervention, and a significantly greater reduction in perceived stress among women as compared to men, respectively. The effect size score computed (0.759) for reduction in stress levels indicated that the use of Tetris has a high practical significance. Conclusion: Tetris was found useful in controlling perceived stress; and can be a highly relevant intervention for the tech-savvy generation of young adults who spend a considerable amount of their time on their smart-gadgets. Its implications are that any comparable visuo-spatially oriented task could potentially be useful in controlling stress, and that technology can potentially be the next step in administering clinical interventions.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the economic impacts of budget hotels in the tourism sector of Sarawak, the employment generation potential of the budget hotels and the customer satisfaction towards budget hotels.
Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the impact of budget hotels in Sarawak state, Malaysia. The main aim of this paper is to examine the economic impacts of budget hotels in the tourism sector of Sarawak, the employment generation potential of the budget hotels and the customer satisfaction towards the budget hotels in Sarawak. The study was used both quantitative and qualitative methodology (mixed method) and the research design used in this study was descriptive. It was conducted among the budget hotels in Kuching city (capital of Sarawak state) taking a sample size of 400 respondents (300 local people who are working or related to budget hotel industry and 150 tourists-both international and domestic) by using simple random sampling and purposive sampling methods. The primary data was collected by using questionnaires and participant observation method. For analysing the variables, different statistical methods are adopted. The relevance and scope of this study is important because budget hotels are an emerging industry and quickly growing in the tourism market not only in Sarawak but also the country as a whole. So the scope of this study is to identify the issues and contributions of budget hotels. Based on the findings the tourism planners take necessary actions in the coming future for its development. With the knowledge of customer preferences the authorities can take necessary actions for protecting the lodging industry. Key Words: budget hotels, lodging, employment generation, economic impact and customer satisfaction.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of yoga training on muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and agility of female hockey players revealed significant differences between pre and post-tests of experimental group, however, insignificant differences were observed between pre- tests of control group.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of yoga training on muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and agility of female hockey players. For this purpose, a sample of forty (N=40) female hockey players of age ranging from 18 to 25 years were selected from different colleges affiliated to Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar. Further, the subjects were purposively divided in two groups. First group, designated as experimental group (N1=20) and the second one as control group (N2=20). All the participants were informed about the objectives and methodology of this study and they volunteered to participate in this experimental study. The study was restricted to the variables: muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and agility. The same were measured by using Flexed Arms Hang Test, Sit-Ups Test, Sit and Reach Test and Shuttle Run Test respectively. Experimental group have undergone yoga training for 8-week by following a sequence of selected yogic asanas i.e. Sarvangasana, Chakra-asana, Utthita Parsvakonasana, ParivrttaTrikonasana, Halasana, Bhujangasana, Dhanurasana, Ustrasana, Gomukasana, Paschimotansana, Ardha-Matsyendrasana and Hanumanasan. Paired sample t-test was applied to study the effects of yoga training on female hockey players. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results revealed significant differences between pre and post-tests of experimental group in respect to Muscular strength (t-6.946*), Muscular endurance (t-9.863*), Flexibility (t-11.052*) and Agility (t-14.068*). However, insignificant differences were observed between pre and post-tests of control group.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the perception of trainees regarding the decline of training effectiveness in the handicraft sector, which was once the backbone of the state economy and the outcome of the research is that the sector got deteriorated because of outdated training programs offered by the government run handicraft training institutions and the institutional policies were not in sync with the current market demands.
Abstract: In Jammu & Kashmir State (J&K), the handicraft sector is losing its sheen as readily available value-added and cost competitive products from its neighboring countries are flourishing in the domestic market The handicraft sector, with which our cultural ethos is attached, is still considered the backbone of rural India and is facing tremendous onslaught from foreign goods Because of changed tastes, increased purchasing power, and global competition, people prefer to buy imported value added products rather than to buy domestic products on the basis of cost competitive advantage, which has a direct bearing on the rural entrepreneurs in the handicraft sector Now the sector in the J&K is in its survival stage, moreover the handicraft training centers offering numerous training programs for our rural youth are not impact ful in reviving this sector This paper tries to evaluate the perception of trainees regarding the decline of training effectiveness in the handicraft sector, which was once the backbone of the state economy The outcome of the research is that the sector got deteriorated because of outdated training programs offered by the government run handicraft training institutions and the institutional policies were not in sync with the current market demands

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the prospective buyers' with respect to their brand awareness and its impact on the level of customer satisfaction of the tobacco products manufactured by Godfrey Phillips India Limited were studied.
Abstract: It is highly unpredictable to know the consumer’s decision to buy a product or not to buy as today's market is more dynamic in nature with more and more product offerings with the short product life cycles. This is because of the fastest changes in the area of product innovations across the world with the advent of sophisticated technologies. As the customer choice is widened with more brand awareness among the consumers and the impact on the customer satisfaction could be measured more accurately. This paper focuses on the prospective buyers' with respect to their brand awareness and its impact on the level of customer satisfaction of the tobacco products manufactured by Godfrey Phillips India Limited. This study was conducted in Visakhapatnam a city of India with a sample of 200 respondents. The research results suggests that there is an impact of brand awareness on customer satisfaction with respect to product quality, price and size of the cigarettes etc.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between locus of control and emotional quotient towards the organizational commitment by evaluating the mediating effect of job stress and proposed a conceptual model to validate the regarded constructs.
Abstract: This study investigates the mediating effects of job stress towards the organizational commitment. This research also examines the contribution of locus of control and emotional quotient towards the organizational commitment and its aftermath. The study proposes a conceptual model “KALGO Job Performance Model” - to validate the regarded constructs. The survey yielded 186 completed and valid questionnaires from the employees of IT & ITES companies. Using stepwise multiple linear regression, mediating effects, analysis of variance, and structural equation modeling, this research examines the relationship between locus of control and emotional quotient towards the organizational commitment by evaluating the mediating effect of job stress. The proposed conceptual framework is evidenced to be consistent with satisfactory model fitness. Managerial implications are also addressed in the later part of this article.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of private sector banks of India and risk perception, and verifies the efficacy of using economic value added as a performance measure to evaluate private-sector banks Vis-a-Vis other conventional measures such as ROE,ROA,EPS,ROI to gauge their real value and underlying risk and probability of them camouflaging inherent inefficiencies such as NPAS.
Abstract: In 2008, when crisis hit the World economy, Indian banking industry was not much affected because they had limited exposure to riskier assets. But, the current slowdown of economy has its roots in Europe. The current crises indirectly has roots in 2008 crisis when all Governments expanded their monetary policies, which increased their expenditure and in turn, it increased Sovereign Debt. Some governments are unable to refinance the debt without the third party help. The crisis have persisted longer than expected and now it gains the power to spread its wings over the world economy. The Indian banking industry may be affected by European crises as trade with European markets slows down.While the exposure of key private sector banks of India was minimal in the global market and therefore the impact was lesser when sub prime crisis hit US, leading world wide collapse of economy. However, they are generally very aggressive in their approach and profit maximization is their primary objective and hence prone to take risks which could affect our banking system It is therefore imperative that to evaluate the performance of Private sector Banks of India and risk perception, We may have to look beyond conventional performance measures. This paper verifies the efficacy of using Economic Value Added as a performance measure to evaluate private sector banks Vis-a-Vis other conventional measures such as ROE,ROA,EPS,ROI to gauge their real value and underlying risk and probability of them camouflaging inherent inefficiencies such as NPAS. Keywords: Banking, Non-Performing Assets, Economic Value added, Return On Equity, Earnings Per share, Return On Total assets, Net Profit Margin, Return On Investment.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated job satisfaction of employees in Hawassa University and found that the five dimensions of job satisfaction, i.e. pay, advancement, nature a job, supervision and coworkers, have a significant correlation with overall job satisfaction.
Abstract: The Education sector especial universities play a vital role in sustaining the economic development of a country. For this reason employee should satisfied with their job. This study attempts to evaluate job satisfaction of employees in Hawassa University. It focuses on the relative importance of job satisfaction factors and their impacts on the overall job satisfaction of employees. It also investigates the impacts of employee personal data on the attitudes toward job Satisfaction. The target populations of the study were 3850 employees of Hawassa University. Out of 3850 employees, 200 were selected as sample through Proportionality-sampling technique. To collect all the pertinent information for the research only primary data sources was used. The method employed to gather primary data were well-designed and pretested Job Descriptive Index (JDI) questionnaire. For data analyzing, mean and standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation as well as multiple regression analysis were used. Overall job satisfaction level among Hawassa university employees is relatively low. Demographic characteristics of employees such as gender, marital status and age didn’t have relationship with overall job satisfaction. However, there is a considerable relationship between education level and tenure and overall job satisfaction. The five Job satisfaction dimensions i.e. pay, advancement, nature a job, supervision and coworkers, have a significant correlation with overall job satisfaction. However, among the five variables, pay is found to be the best predictor of overall job satisfaction, while job itself and advancement opportunities least predict overall job satisfaction. The job satisfaction dimensions explain about 33% of the variance in overall job satisfaction of the employees. Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Job satisfactions dimensions, demographic factors

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a study to know the customers' satisfaction and service quality of private and public sector banks in Coimbatore district, which is specific only to public and private sector banks.
Abstract: The effectiveness and efficiency became the buzz word of the success of banking operations and its proper functioning particularly with respect to providing service to the customers. The concepts of customer satisfaction and service quality are interrelated with each other. Moreover, satisfaction of customer depends upon service quality and service quality is increasingly offered as a strategy by marketers to position themselves more effectively in the market place. The higher service quality results in customers’ satisfaction and loyalty, greater willingness to recommend to someone else, reduction in complaints and improved customer retention rates. Hence, this study is conducted to know the customers’ satisfaction and service quality of private and public sector banks in Coimbatore district. This study is specific only to public and private sector banks in Coimbatore district. The study revolves around the service quality and its dimensions. The dimensions studied are Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy. A total of 300 respondents have been considered for the study and is equally divided to public and private sector bank customers. The analysis reveals that the service quality of public sector banks there is an obligation to concentrate on, responding the customers queries on the spot. In respect to service quality dimensions, the private sector banks need to concentrate on convenient working hours and competency of the staffs to answer the queries of bank customers’

Journal Article
TL;DR: Practical trainings have been developed, which strengthen the medical and commercial collaborators in specific, tailored for pharmacists, communication skills and sales, in order to have much better and more professional interaction.
Abstract: Medical representatives – sales staff should have a good knowledge about the products and offers of competition of this product, and should have a good quality and a full report from retail-pharmacy in order to provide good product availability and could persuade prescribers and push products from wholesale to retail and to the doctor. Medical representatives have fifteen visits to prescribing and retail a day. Their visits are important to inform and remind doctors, the prescribers, which are generally trying to hide from the medical representatives, who are too aggressive and invasive, and have very little time and lack of interest, and want to reduce the time of the visits. Pharmaceutical companies provide huge economic support for the provision of medical staff education, and the connection between the clinics and pharmaceutical representatives has always been good. Therefore, a solution to this problem needs to be found and it should be resolved on the pharmaceutical companies side on the one hand and health workers on the other hand, in order to have much better and more professional interaction. Medical representatives – sales staff are a key team that is responsible for the professional and professionally designed presentation - promotion, sale of medicines and pharmaceuticals services. To this end, practical trainings have been developed, which strengthen the medical and commercial collaborators in specific, tailored for pharmacists, communication skills and sales. Sales visits, which are the heart of their work must be systematic, prepared and they are carried out through certain phases or steps.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relations between the communications on the social network platforms and its effect on the purchase intentions of the consumers and more specifically the young adolescents and tried to investigate how these relationships vary across young people possessing different learning styles.
Abstract: The present study attempts to investigate the relations between the communications on the social network platforms and its effect on the purchase intentions of the consumers and more specifically the young adolescents. Further, this study also attempts to investigate how these relationships vary across young people possessing different learning styles. This study analysed the data in three part. The initial was an exploratory study which consisted of maintaining and excluding those items which enabled the analysis of other dimensions or factors with a suitable degree of reliability or uni-dimensionality. The second part was an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the third being the structural equation modelling, which discarded those items which did not enable suitable dimensionality for the entire construct in the model. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the present model using AMOS 21 software and basic calculations in statistics such as mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, correlation will be performed using SPSS 21. The study shows that the social media communication influence brand attitude and image leading to purchase intention.

Journal Article
TL;DR: The objective of this study is to design a system such as the sum of costs of customers waiting and costs of idle facilities with special emphasis on Zenith Bank Plc in Enugu Metropolis, and discovered that queuing theory can be used in the contest of a cost optimization model.
Abstract: Waiting for service is part of our daily life. We wait to eat in restaurants; we queue at the check-out counters in grocery stores, and we line up for service in post office. And the waiting phenomenon is not an experience limited to human beings only. Jobs wait to be processed on a machine, planes circle in stack before getting permission to land at an airport and cars stop at traffic lights. Waiting cannot be eliminated completely without incurring inordinate expenses and the goal is to reduce its adverse impact to tolerable levels. The objective of this study is to design a system such as the sum of costs of customers waiting and costs of idle facilities with special emphasis on Zenith Bank Plc in Enugu Metropolis. To achieve this major objective, data was collected by observation and queuing model was designed for the analysis. From the analysis, we discovered that the application of queuing theory can be used in the contest of a cost optimization model, where we seek the minimization of the sum of two costs: the cost of offering the service and the cost of waiting. We finally recommended that queuing theory is worth studying to enable the business executives determine and install the optimum service facilities so that the overall service cost is minimized.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have made an attempt to find out the intricacies of consumer perception and consumer behaviour of consumers of cosmetics in Visakhapatnam, India, where they have made a solemn attempt to study the consumer perception of cosmetics.
Abstract: The increase in the usage in Cosmetics and toiletries become manifold in India, because along with women more and more men are also using for their personal grooming. There are some cosmetics like body sprays, perfumes and other cosmetics and toiletries are predominantly used by men in India. As a result the rising demand from men, the Indian market is getting enlarged and many players are coming out with cosmetic products especially skin care products for men. With the advent of globalization the increase in usage of cosmetic products and their penetration into many markets leads to high competition among companies and to exploit opportunities offered by this sector. The researcher has made an solemn attempt to find out the intricacies of consumer perception and consumer behaviour of consumers of cosmetics in Visakhapatnam, India.