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Showing papers in "Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering in 2005"









Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the technical capability of crop straw gasification for central gas supply was analyzed and the commercialization operation outlook of CSA was discussed, and the authors concluded that the gas station must be managed commercially and marketability must be enhanced stage by stage with the large-scale development of the gas supply system for the future.
Abstract: In order to discuss the commercialization operation outlook of crop straw gasification technology, this paper analyses technical capability of crop straw gasification for central gas supply, and considers they are different for the components and capability of the central gas supply system, due to the differences of technological way of both the oxygenation gasification technology and the pyrogenation gasification technology, but these two kinds of technology are mature and practical, and both relatively safe and stable. At the same time, there are still a series of problems associated with these technologies that need to be solved or further improved, such as problem of further reducing tar and impurity content of the fuel gas. In succession, it is estimated for commercialization operational capability of the central gas supply system, loss case and profitable case are calculated by using cost-benefit method. The conclusions are that the gas station must be managed commercially and marketability must be enhanced stage by stage with the large-scale development of the gas supply system for the future.

7 citations




Journal Article
TL;DR: The architecture and implementation methods of the agricultural information website based on WAP technology, which has dynamic contents and interactivity was constructed and developed, provides a new approach to access to agricultural information.
Abstract: Agricultural informatization is an important part of agricultural modernization. And the applications of network and communication are essential means of informatization. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a new technology presented in recent years. It is the result of a combination of mobile communications and Internet. It is also the foundation of mobile Internet. The authors discussed the architecture and implementation methods of the agricultural information website based on WAP technology. An agricultural website which has dynamic contents and interactivity was also constructed and developed. User can access it anytime, anywhere through handsets with WAP functionality. It provides a new approach to access to agricultural information.



Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a framework to improve the quality of the data collected by the data collection system. And they propose a method to increase the data quality of data collection.
Abstract: 为了解决玉米茎秆回收利用,提出立式摘穗茎秆切碎单元体结构,设计了玉米收获、茎秆切碎、根茬破碎于一体的玉米收获工艺,并用于4YQZ-3自走式穗茎兼收型玉米联合收获机,通过生产试验和检测证明,符合国家相关标准规定.为解决玉米穗茎兼收关键技术提供了技术方案和应用实例.



Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a corn stover was hydrolyzed in acidic conditions and several polymer materials were subsequently prepared, such as polyester films, polyurethane foams and particleboards.
Abstract: In this study, corn stover was hydrolyzed in acidic conditions and several polymer materials were subsequently prepared. The effectual solvent for the liquefaction process was selected, and the influence of various liquefaction conditions were also investigated. The polyols from the liquefaction were then separated and purified through a series of process, such as dilution, pH adjustment, filtration, evaporation and ozonolysis. Processes for making biopolymers from the liquefied corn stover containing high quantity of bio-polyols were evaluated, such as polyester films, polyurethane foams and particleboards. The film formation was based on the esterification reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the biopolyols and carboxyl groups. The foam was prepared by a reaction of the hydroxyl groups and diisocyanate. Polyesters made from the reaction between bio-polyols and anhydrides are shown to be used for making particleboards.




Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report that: 0.5 m/s; 0.4% NaOH, 0.85×105Pa, and 0.98% NOH.
Abstract: 该研究应用膜孔径为100 nm的陶瓷膜错流超滤中试系统(MEMBRALOX ,Pall)对果胶酶酶解后的鲜榨苹果原汁进行了过滤澄清与除菌效果研究.结果表明,100 nm陶瓷膜错流超滤的最佳操作条件为:跨膜压力为0.85×105Pa,温度为50℃,膜面流速为5 m/s;以0.5%次氯酸钠和4% NaOH溶液作为清洗剂,膜通量的恢复率可以达到98%.过滤后果汁中的悬浮颗粒和引起浊度升高的大分子胶体物质大部分被滤除,而果汁的各项质量指标如pH值、总酸、糖度等却未发生明显变化.细菌挑战试验以及贮藏试验证明了鲜榨苹果汁过滤后的无菌状态和生物学稳定性.因此,应用100 nm的陶瓷膜错流超滤系统过滤鲜榨苹果汁具有很好的商业应用前景.



Journal Article
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors established the socioeconomic driving force model for Minqin land (desertification) and established the three-period desertification index and its change rate, belonging to five different regions at Minqiin county during the periods of 1988~1997.
Abstract: Taking the Minqin oasis as an example, the socioeconomic driving force model for Minqin land (desertification) was established. First, the three-period desertification index and its change rate were established, belonging to 5 different regions at Minqin county during the periods of 1988~1997. Second, the correlation (analysis) was conducted to discover the relationship between desertification index and its change rate with socio (economic) factors and their change rates, then stepwise multi-variables regression method was adopted to and the linear equation of those variables. According to the equation, the causes and results were analyzed. On the (pasture) region and the Changning Huanhe River irrigation agriculture region which was newly explored, their regional and desertification indexes mainly depend on natural conditions because of the relatively less influence of people, but their change rates of land desertification index are affected by economical conditions. On the pasture region, the relationship between the change rate of land desertification index and the change rate of sheep numbers per hectare is linear, the higher change rate of sheep numbers per hectare, the higher change rate of land (desertification). For Changning Huanhe River irrigation agriculture region, the relationship between the change rate of land desertification index and the population density is linear too. For the zones with long agriculture development history, food-economic planting structure, has impacts on the regional land desertification. When the regional land desertification become less, the planting area of the economic crop will rise. On the opposite, when the regional land desertification deteriorates, the planting area of food crop will arise through more land exploited, which induces more land desertification.



Journal Article
TL;DR: Li et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed the in-depth formation mechanism of land desertification and proposed a land use adjustment plan based on the analysis of land use data and spatial overlay and terrain statistics methods.
Abstract: Duolun county, in central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, was selected as a typical region of ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in North China, and its' climate data, land desertification and land use data were comprehensively analyzed to find the in-depth formation mechanism of land desertification. Through analyzing the weather data of recent 30 years by linear trend method, results showed that the regional climate change made for the restoration of land desertification, and climate change was not the main reason for land desertification expansion and aggravation. Analyzing land desertification and land use observation data by means of spatial overlay and terrain statistics methods, the result showed that there was not obvious land use pattern change such as overcutting or overcultivating in the research region, and the land area without change of land use pattern accounted for 95.98% of the total land area. The aggravation of land desertification degree mainly occurred in grassland and cultivatable land. The aggravation of desertification degree of these types land accounted for 55.16%, 25.92% and 10.31% of the whole, separately, and their sum accounted for 91. 39% of total aggravation area of land desertification. Field survey and analyzing remote sensing, statistics etc. showed that cultivation in fall and use of agricultural machine gave rise to wind erosion of soil, and cultivation in successive years, plantation of economic crop such as sugar beet aggravated land degradation, then the heavy amount of yearly carrying livestock and traffic in grassland led to grassland degradation. Finally, according to these analysis results, land use adjustment plan was put forward.


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, simultaneous thermal analyzer was used for experiments of wheat straw pyrolysis, and the relationship between caloric requirement and the temperature of the dry wheat straw was obtained by integrating the DSC curve.
Abstract: In order to determine the caloric requirement of biomass pyrolysis, simultaneous thermal analyzer was used for experiments of wheat straw pyrolysis. Powder biomass sample about 5 mg was put into Platinum crucible with lid on a high accuracy DSC-cp sample holder in the furnace. And then the sample was heated from ambient temperature up to the maximum temperature of 973 K at the heating rate of 10 K/min. The product gases were swept away by 25N mL/min Nitrogen. Mass change and calorimetric effects were recorded and analyzed. The process was investigated in detail through the comparison of DTG (differential thermal gravimetry)and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) curves. And after the water influence in the DSC curve was eliminated, the relationship between caloric requirement and the temperature of the dry wheat straw was obtained by integrating the DSC curve. Result showed that 523 kJ, 558 kJ, 592.0 kJ were required respectively to make the temperature of 1 kg dry wheat straw raise from 303 K to 673 K,773 K, 873 K.