Showing papers in "Transportation research procedia in 2021"
TL;DR: In this article, the cases of ITS implementation are analyzed, a reference model of the services of such a system is developed and the introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems allows solving the main problems of the transport network and effectively developing it.
Abstract: Traffic management problems in any city are acute. Previously, this problem was solved by control centers, now such centers require modernization based on digital twins and artificial intelligence. The introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems allows solving the main problems of the transport network and effectively developing it. In this article, the cases of ITS implementation are analyzed, a reference model of the services of such a system is developed.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the main ways to solve transportation problems that may arise in the future in the Arctic zone and propose a solution to minimize the transportation problems in the region.
Abstract: As a result of active land development in the Arctic zone, the transport and logistics complex is building up, which serves as the basis for the development of transport infrastructure: railways, waterways, and roads. By applying the experience in developing other areas of the Russian Federation and some territories abroad, it is safe to say that these changes will lead to transportation problems, which will be primarily associated with active road construction and an increase in the number of vehicles. To minimize transportation problems that may arise soon in the Arctic zone, this study identifies the main ways to solve them.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the issues of using RFID technology in transport and warehouse logistics were discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of its introduction were considered, and it was concluded that the application of the technology would significantly increase the efficiency of logistics processes.
Abstract: The paper describes the issues of using the RFID technology in transport and warehouse logistics. The features of RFID technology application in the system of logistics information systems as well as in the system of transportation and warehousing were analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of its introduction were considered. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the application of the RFID technology would significantly increase the efficiency of logistics processes.
31 citations
TL;DR: A comparative assessment of the processes of improving road infrastructure in two representative regions of the Russian Arctic Zone — Murmansk Region and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area — developing over time (2012–2019).
Abstract: The mineral resources of the Arctic region are difficult to access. The list of dangers, challenges, and threats that form risks for the development of the Russian Arctic Zone occupies 18 points in Section II of the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security until 2035. Among them, poor transport infrastructure development and the high cost of its construction represent the most fundamentally important problem. This is a challenge that has to be met, despite all the difficulties and huge costs. This paper presents a comparative assessment of the processes of improving road infrastructure in two representative regions of the Russian Arctic Zone — Murmansk Region and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area — developing over time (2012–2019). The improvement of regional road infrastructure is assessed in terms of system organization using such an indicator as relative system entropy Hn. We also analyzed the dynamics of changes in the organization of regional traffic safety (TS) systems over time (2012–2019) and evaluated the impact of the organization in road construction on the TS system organization in the compared regions.
29 citations
TL;DR: Results highlight the differences between the impact of economic, environmental and social factors for students cycling and provide useful suggestion to define the way for a well-thought-out design of a bike-sharing transport service.
Abstract: Shared mobility is an innovative transportation strategy defined as the shared use of a vehicle, bicycle or other mode which enables users to gain short-term access to transportation modes on an as-needed basis Bike-sharing systems have rapidly expanded around the world with important implications for urban areas Considering the benefits regarding cycling and implications deriving from bike-sharing services implementation, this paper presents an in-depth analysis to investigate a variety of determinants, barriers and motivation that can influence the willingness to cycling and join bike-sharing The study focuses on a specific target group represented by university students and their preferences have been collected through a structured questionnaire in applying the Likert Scale A statistical analysis has been realized based on a chi-squared test, deriving the difference between expected and observed frequencies for several combinations of the analyzed attributes First results highlight the differences between the impact of economic, environmental and social factors for students cycling and provide useful suggestion to define the way for a well-thought-out design of a bike-sharing transport service
29 citations
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the modelling of vibroacoustic characteristics, vibration rates of transport vehicle bodies during abrasive processing of welds, and the energy flows and sound power emitted by each element of the body structures are determined during the abrasive treatment of welded joints.
Abstract: This article presents the modelling of vibroacoustic characteristics, vibration rates of transport vehicle bodies during abrasive processing of welds. Welding is one of the most comprehensive technologies for joining metal structures. However, one of the mandatory steps after welding is the mechanical processing of welded joints. To control the vibroacoustic characteristics, reduce the noise and vibration, energy balance equations are obtained for the conditions of the abrasive treatment of welds in the body of an electric locomotive. The energy flows and sound power emitted by each element of the body structures are determined during the abrasive treatment of welds. Theoretical and experimental assessment of noise and vibration levels during the abrasive processing of welded joints of plate structures is carried out. It is shown that in the frequency range from 0.25 kHz and higher, the sound power exceeds the maximum permissible values.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main problems of vehicular pollution, suggests the methods of reducing the pollution load, and specifies the relation between environmental pollution and global warming, through its indirect impact on the Arctic climate.
Abstract: This article describes the main problems of vehicular pollution, suggests the methods of reducing the pollution load, and specifies the relation between environmental pollution and global warming, through its indirect impact on the Arctic climate.
28 citations
27 citations
26 citations
TL;DR: The article provides an approach based on the synthesis of computer modeling methods, which makes it possible to conduct an experimental research program based on an integrated methodology for organizing and managing the interaction of TWCs and transport infrastructure facilities.
Abstract: The need for the qualitative development of integrated transport management systems within transport and logistics systems (TLSs) is due to a number of conditions preventing the efficient movement of goods in Russia and its regions. Planning, organization, and management of freight transportation processes in a transport and logistics system is based on the processing of information about the state of objects in the transport and logistics system by processing statistical data. The development of methods for planning, organizing, and managing terminal and warehouse complexes (TWCs) of transport and logistics systems based on optimizing the interaction of transport and logistics infrastructure facilities creates additional prospects for reducing the costs of freight transportation in Russia and its regions. This approach shall be based on the development of scientific and technical solutions for improving the efficiency of TLSs and TWCs. To implement the process of optimizing freight flows within an intelligent transport system based on digital technologies, it is necessary to develop an appropriate mathematical apparatus adapted to specific tasks. The article provides an approach based on the synthesis of computer modeling methods, which makes it possible to conduct an experimental research program based on an integrated methodology for organizing and managing the interaction of TWCs and transport infrastructure facilities.
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated transport and logistics model that combines all types and areas of use of the used transport is proposed for the Arctic zone of Russia, taking into account all the features of this region.
Abstract: The Arctic zone of Russia has a significant multifactorial potential. It is necessary to maximize this potential, taking into account all the features of this region. The development of transport and logistics infrastructure in the region is an important factor. It is advisable to build an integrated transport and logistics model that combines all types and areas of use of the used transport. The purpose of the article is to analyze transport flows, identify the requirements for the transport and logistics infrastructure, and propose an integrated transport and logistics model for the Arctic zone of Russia.
TL;DR: An automated diesel fuel quality control system for vehicles used in regions with cold climates in the form of software was developed based on the proposed method for level optimization of ICE parameters when using fuels of different quality.
Abstract: The task of improving the efficiency of a motor vehicle during operation in cold climates is reduced to the task of ensuring integrated optimization of the main engine values and parameters with an unconditional assessment of ICE fuel quality. The task of ICE integrated optimization includes: justification of the choice of the main ICE values, based on the objectives and optimal solution of the tasks of efficient vehicle operation; assessment of the technology level of fuel and determination of its optimal composition; determination of the optimal parameters for the elements of ICE subsystems. Based on the proposed method for level optimization of ICE parameters when using fuels of different quality, an automated diesel fuel quality control system for vehicles used in regions with cold climates in the form of software was developed.
TL;DR: The concept of a digital platform for the transport infrastructure of Arctic cities is proposed, which contributes to the intensification of the region’s development in the digital economy.
Abstract: The development of the human living environment in the digital economy is inextricably connected with the introduction of modern technologies in all aspects of territories’ functioning. The concept of a smart city serves as the basis for transforming the infrastructure of cities, including the transport system. The Arctic zone, through which passes one of the world’s largest transport routes — the Northern Sea Route — has particular importance for the development of Russia. In addition, Arctic cities, as well as cities with a more favorable geographical location, should be involved in the process of improving the living environment based on the concept of a smart city. The tool for implementing this concept is digital platforms that make it possible to establish interaction between the entities in the territory as well as accumulate data for analyzing and predicting the state of the living environment. Our purpose was to develop proposals for the digitalization of the Arctic transport infrastructure in the digital economy. The article substantiates the relevance of the development of the Arctic transport infrastructure, analyzes the world experience in the transformation of the transport system in modern cities, and provides examples of the practical implementation of smart city technologies in Arctic cities. As a result of the study, the concept of a digital platform for the transport infrastructure of Arctic cities is proposed, which contributes to the intensification of the region’s development in the digital economy.
TL;DR: A new green logistics solution for last-mile deliveries considering synchronization between e-vans and e-cargo bikes, developed as a Two-Echelon Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Partial Recharging (2E-EVRPTW-PR) is introduced.
Abstract: The environmental challenges and the initiatives for sustainable development in urban areas are mainly focused on eco-friendly transportation systems. Therefore, we introduce a new green logistics solution for last-mile deliveries considering synchronization between e-vans and e-cargo bikes, developed as a Two-Echelon Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Partial Recharging (2E-EVRPTW-PR). The first echelon represents an urban zone, and the second echelon represents a restricted traffic zone (e.g., historical center) in which e-vans in the first and e-cargo bikes in the second echelon are used for customers’ deliveries. The proposed 2E-EVRPTW-PR model aims to minimize the total costs in terms of travel costs, initial vehicles’ investment costs, drivers’ salary costs, and micro-depot cost. The effectiveness of the proposed solution has been demonstrated comparing two different cases, i.e., the EVRPTW-PR considering e-vans for the first case, and the 2E-EVRPTW-PR considering e-vans and e-cargo bikes for the second case. The comparison has been carried out on existing EVRPTW-PR instances for the first case, and on novel 2E-EVRPTW-PR instances for the second case, in which customers of initial EVRPTW-PR instances have been divided into two zones (urban and restricted traffic zones) by using Fuzzy C-mean clustering. Moreover, results encourage logistics companies to adopt zero-emission strategies for last-mile deliveries, especially in restricted traffic zones.
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of European Union countries in terms of carbon dioxide pollution and also a detailed description of Carbon dioxide pollution from the perspective of the transport sector in Slovakia is presented.
Abstract: Currently, one of the biggest environmental problems is global warming. The category that directly affects global warming are greenhouse gases. In this context, Carbon dioxide emissions are the most substantial, as a result of which the earth’s temperature has risen by almost 1 degree Celsius over the last 100 years. The paper focuses on the comparison of European Union countries in terms of Carbon dioxide pollution and also on a detailed description of Carbon dioxide pollution from the perspective of the transport sector in Slovakia. In addition, the paper contains predictions of Carbon dioxide emissions development from the point of view of two scenarios applied to Slovakia.
TL;DR: In this article, the economic and environmental aspects of possible expanding of using the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as an alternative route from Europe to Asia are analyzed, and a method is proposed for calculating the time of cargo delivery, considering the multi-range of logistics chains based on the NSR.
Abstract: Sea transport is an important part of the international transport system. Its development is especially important for the Arctic, which is an important energy region with easy access to the sea for the transportation of crude oil, liquefied natural gas and other resources. This investment area is a priority for Russia and a number of other countries, including China, since it promotes interests in energy and shipping field. Tankers with icebreaking capabilities delivering crude oil and natural gas from the Far East to Western markets account for about 45% of shipping on the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The rest of the transportation is carried out within the framework of the large Russian project “Yamal LNG” by ice-class tankers from the Sabetta port to Europe. However, the volume of sea traffic in the Arctic Ocean waters remains insignificant. In this regard, the article analyzes the economic and environmental aspects of possible expanding of using the NSR as an alternative route from Europe to Asia. Although the NSR is a direct route, the absence of transshipment points and transit ports complicates the conditions for transit goods carriage, and some route sections are too shallow for large container carriers. There are a number of other important operational constraints, including extreme climatic conditions and environmental issues: ships emissions, oil spills on ice. It is concluded that the pace of the Arctic projects implementation will directly determine traffic volume. To overcome barriers and restrictions that prevent the NSR’s transformation into a transport corridor for both Russia and international transit flows, it is necessary to implement projects for the Arctic support zones creation and development, as well as the modernization and expansion of the nuclear icebreaker fleet capacities. A method is proposed for calculating the time of cargo delivery, considering the multi-range of logistics chains based on the NSR.
TL;DR: In this article, a 3% solution of MS-8 synthetic detergent with potassium monoborate (PMB) in a concentration of 5 g/l was analyzed to determine the influence of PMB on the washing mode.
Abstract: Ensuring the required reliability of vehicles used in the Arctic is a complicated task. It can be solved only if a holistic approach is taken by manufacturers and companies operating vehicles. In the course of operation, surfaces of vehicles’ parts, components and assemblies become contaminated, which deteriorates operating characteristics and reduces the operating life of the components and the vehicle as a whole. The technical servicing of vehicles includes their maintenance and repair that are impossible without washing and cleaning of components and assemblies’ parts. One of the factors increasing the reliability of a repaired vehicle is the improvement of the efficiency of parts’ washing. Taking this into account, this paper determines the following methods for its implementation: optimization of washing parameters (duration; temperature and composition of a detergent solution (synthetic detergents and their concentration)), and the use of a more effective detergent solution. As an example of such a solution, we considered a 3% solution of MS-8 synthetic detergent with potassium monoborate (PMB) in a concentration of 5 g/l. To determine the influence of PMB on the washing mode, we analyzed the relationship between the detergency and the temperature of solutions with and without PMB. The results confirm that PMB added to the MS-8 solution ensures the required quality of washing at lower temperatures of the detergent solution, thus reducing energy consumption during parts’ washing when repairing vehicle components.
TL;DR: The authors analyze the problems arising in the transport infrastructure because of the growing urbanization of cities and propose a solution to the problems based on the use of processing large amounts of data.
Abstract: This article is built on the exploration of the possibilities of using Big Data, Machine Learning and the Internet of Things technologies for the needs of transport planning and modeling. The authors analyze the problems arising in the transport infrastructure because of the growing urbanization of cities and propose a solution to the problems based on the use of processing large amounts of data. As a result of the study, a comparative table was created showing the possible application of Big Data technologies in integration with other modern technologies and what problems of transport planning they will solve.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the relationship between the temperature factor and the storage battery life cycle, substantiated the need for temperature control of storage batteries, and considered the existing temperature control systems.
Abstract: The paper addresses the influence of temperature on the operating life of storage batteries used in autonomous electric transport. We analyzed the studies describing the relationship between the temperature factor and the storage battery life cycle, substantiated the need for temperature control of storage batteries, and considered the existing temperature control systems. Taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of the systems under consideration, we propose a system that provides the best efficiency of storage battery temperature control.
TL;DR: An overview of industrial robot usage possibility in automotive industry which nowadays is the most important customer of industrial robotic market and an overview of application of robots in world industry is offered.
Abstract: The paper deals with an overview of industrial robot usage possibility in automotive industry which nowadays is the most important customer of industrial robotic market. The first part of paper describes the situation of industrial robot usage and offers an overview of application of robots in world industry. Later we deal with the most common applications of robots, especially in the automotive industry, as well as trends and perspectives on the future of automotive robotics. Finally, there was presented a model task from real industrial practice in form of specific project overview about robotized tightening of screws on the production line of car seats at the end of the article.
TL;DR: In this article, the main task of freight transport is the movement of goods from supplier to customer, and the fastest way to increase work efficiency is to automate existing processes using state-of-theart job optimization and management technologies.
Abstract: Digitalization and innovative technologies are becoming indispensable tools for the expected and desired transformation of the supply chain. They allow you to optimize capacity, strengthen performance, improve quality while ensuring the flexibility of the whole chain. The digital transformation of processes and the implementation of new technologies collectively referred to as Industry 4.0 do not have to be exclusively deployed by the "all or nothing" system. Modularity of intelligent logistics solutions designed according to the principles of cyber-physical systems allows for a gradual transformation of the entire chain. The Transport Sector of the European Union is an important element in building the whole market. The main task of freight transport is the movement of goods from supplier to customer. The digital transformation of enterprises and also the automation of production are built by norm and necessity. It is not only about product expansion, but above all about the sustainability of all processes. This is a really urgent requirement in transport. The fastest way to increase work efficiency is to automate existing processes using state-of-the-art job optimization and management technologies. Automating data exchange processes is an effective way to streamline communication and promote the smooth running of individual operations within the supply chain. Digitalization and automation of business processes helps to facilitate the work of employees and, above all, positively influences the company’s results.
TL;DR: A computational and analytical method for determining the operating parameters of the main systems of a battery-powered vehicle with an electric traction drive and a temperature control system for the traction battery of a wheeled vehicle.
Abstract: The paper deals with the main aspects of the selection of electric traction equipment and a temperature control system for the traction battery of a wheeled vehicle. We propose a computational and analytical method for determining the operating parameters of the main systems of a battery-powered vehicle with an electric traction drive. The cycles of motion of various complexity were considered and analyzed. Based on the analysis, an equivalent loading cycle was obtained. We also took a statistical sample of such basic parameters of the studied vehicle as current consumption, torque, and speed of the electric traction motor (ETM). The paper presents the main relationships between the studied vehicle parameters and the motion cycle. During the calculations, the main operation features in each of the studied systems were distinguished. Besides, we offer recommendations on the selection of electric traction equipment taking into account the technical requirements and basic operating conditions of vehicles.
TL;DR: The suggested model allows one to eliminate the restrictions associated with the presence of negative weights and cycles in the network, to automate the calculation of the shortest paths at the nodes by means of the computer technology implemented in MATLAB.
Abstract: The operational problem of determining the shortest routes for a group of vessels that have received the task of achieving hypothetical target with certain coordinates located in a confined space is being solved. When controlling the process of vessels entering a desired area, time is an important indicator. The practical implementation of the modified Floyd-Warshall algorithm is demonstrated by calculating a network model with a complex topology, using an iterative procedure by means of a program in MATLAB codes. The computer model implemented on its basis is simple and compact. Unlike existing models, the suggested model allows one to eliminate the restrictions associated with the presence of negative weights and cycles in the network, to automate the calculation of the shortest paths at the nodes by means of the computer technology implemented in MATLAB.
TL;DR: In this article, issues related to the use of digital technologies and, in particular, RFID technology, in railway transport were dealt with, and the economic effect of its introduction in railway transportation was determined.
Abstract: This paper deals with issues related to the use of digital technologies and, in particular, RFID technology, in railway transport. In the course of the study, we analyzed its advantages and disadvantages. The introduction of RFID technology in the transport process will reduce costs while increasing the prestige and safety of railway transport, which will positively affect the competitiveness of railway transportation. For that purpose, the economic effect of its introduction in railway transport was determined.
TL;DR: The paper provides a modern informational view of port operations and aims to bridge the gap between industry solutions and scientific work.
Abstract: The majority of ports have systems for exchanging information between different agents involved in a supply chain. Port information systems are a form of a “single window” for trade, and are similar in function to airport information systems. One of the most useful functions of a port communications system is the ability to automatically extract the information required by customs authorities from information flows from private port operators. Modern infrastructure allows ports to solve a number of problems, such as identification of employees, ships and vehicles, tracking the movement of containers around the port, ordering trucks and train configuration Thus, the paper provides a modern informational view of port operations and aims to bridge the gap between industry solutions and scientific work.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the priority requirements for the transport support of offshore production in the Arctic zone of Russia, to develop proposals for solving the identified problems, and develop a relevant transport and logistics infrastructure for transport support for all projects implemented in the region.
Abstract: The Arctic zone of Russia is a region with a large multifactorial development potential and, at the same time, with a number of features that affect the ways of solving problems of realizing this potential. One of the factors in solving problems is the formation of a relevant transport and logistics infrastructure for transport support for all projects implemented in the region. The purpose of this article is to summarize the priority requirements for the transport support of offshore production in the AZR, to develop proposals for solving the identified problems.
TL;DR: A method for reducing black carbon emissions from road transport has been proposed, simulation models have been developed for a section of the road network in Murmansk (the largest city in the Arctic Circle), and it was shown that there is a significant potential for reducing emissions of pollutants, including black carbon, in this area as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Air pollution poses serious health, environmental and economic problems for urban areas and contributes to global climate change. Road transport is one of the most significant issuers of pollutants. Among the atmospheric pollutants, black carbon has an extremely negative impact on the environment, especially in the Arctic territories. This article analyzes the impact of black carbon and existing ways to reduce black carbon emissions. A method for reducing black carbon emissions from road transport has been proposed, simulation models have been developed for a section of the road network in Murmansk (the largest city in the Arctic Circle). As a result of experiments on models, it was shown that there is a significant potential for reducing emissions of pollutants, including black carbon, in this area.