Showing papers in "Trends in Biochemical Sciences in 1998"

TL;DR: The Clustal series of programs as mentioned in this paper have been widely used for multiple alignment and for preparing phylogenetic trees, and the most popular of these programs is the Clusteral W 1.7.

TL;DR: This paper aims to explore the role of language and time in the development of romantic attachment and its role in the story of Henry IV.

TL;DR: A systematic comparison of nine bacterial and archaeal genomes reveals a low level of gene-order (and operon architecture) conservation, but a number of gene pairs are conserved and appear to interact physically.

TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of the response of the immune system to canine coronavirus to infectious disease and shows clear patterns in response to antibiotics and in particular the immune response to EMT.

TL;DR: To minimize unwanted non-antisense effects, investigators are searching for antisense compounds and ribozymes whose target sites are particularly vulnerable to attack.

TL;DR: This work states that the PSI-BLAST system is applicable to the detection of subtle relationships among proteins, and its application to protein-protein interactions has the potential to revolutionise the field of proteomics.

TL;DR: DNA non-homologous end-joining is a crucial process that has been conserved highly throughout eukaryotic evolution and revealing exciting links with the control of transcription, telomere length and chromatin structure.

TL;DR: Review of these enzymes shows that the acid-base-ser/thr pattern of catalytic residues is generally conserved, although the individual acids and bases can vary.

TL;DR: A machine-readable list of the quaternary states for all nucleic acid and protein–nucleic acid complexes held in the PDB that was used in the annotation and checking stage described here is made available.

TL;DR: The isolation of yeast and human RecA homologues shows that homologous recombination and recombinational repair have been conserved throughout evolution and the goal is now to identify other factors involved in recombinational Repair and to define their roles in this essential process.

TL;DR: The Ets family of transcription factors includes nuclear phosphoproteins that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic transformation and is defined by a conserved DNA-binding domain (the ETS-DBD), which forms a highly conserved, winged, helix-turn-helix structural motif.

TL;DR: The properties of Ca2+ storage in the ER are discussed and the functions that appear to be regulated by theCa2+ stores within the ER, both in and around the ER and at a distance from it are considered.

TL;DR: Removal of the initiator methionine and/or acetylation of the α-amino group are among the earliest possible chemical modifications that occur during protein synthesis in eukaryotes.

TL;DR: This work has presented a novel mechanism for enzyme active-site formation that involves stabilizing the existing catalytic machinery and supplementing it by an external arginine residue.

TL;DR: The discovery of a domain--the cold-shock domain--that shows strikingly high homology and similar RNA-binding properties to CSPs in a growing number of eukaryotic nucleic-acid-binding proteins suggests that these proteins have an ancient origin.

TL;DR: Recent data show that the expression of several genes, particularly those that respond to changes in temperature, ageing or disease, is influenced and/or controlled by the membrane's physical state.

TL;DR: The defining feature of the Hsp40 chaperone family is a approximately 70-amino-acid-residue signature, termed the J domain, that is necessary for orchestrating interactions with its Hsp70 chaper one partner(s).

TL;DR: Scaffold proteins are critical components of MAP-kinase modules and ensure signaling specificity and recent studies of mammalian cells have led to the identification of putative scaffold proteins.

TL;DR: Retrovirus particles contain a small, basic protein, the nucleocapsid (NC) protein, that possesses 'nucleic acid chaperone' activity--that is, the NC protein can catalyze the rearrangement of a nucleic acid molecule into the conformation that has the maximal number of base pairs.

TL;DR: Site-specific DNA-protein interactions can be studied using experimental and computational methods, and the relationship between these two perspectives, and finding ways to improve both is a major challenge of modern molecular biology.

TL;DR: The evolutionary developments that led to the ability of photosynthetic organisms to oxidize water to molecular oxygen are discussed and intermediate stages are proposed in which hydrogen peroxide was oxidized by the reaction center, and an intermediate pigment, similar to chlorophyll d, was present.

TL;DR: The CCAAT motif is one of the common promoter elements present in the proximal promoter of numerous mammalian genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II and, interestingly, the conserved segment of two CBF subunits are homologous to the hist one-fold motif of eukaryotic histones and archaebacterial histone-like protein HMf-2.

TL;DR: MT-affinity-regulating kinases are novel mammalian serine/threonine kinases that phosphorylate the tubulin-binding domain of MAPs and thereby cause their detachment from MTs and increased MT dynamics, which might play a role in the regulation of MT stability during morphogenesis.

TL;DR: Escherichia coli is capable of growing in environments ranging from very dilute aqueous solutions of essential nutrients to media containing molar concentrations of salts or nonelectrolyte solutes, poses significant physiological challenges for cells, and adjusts a wide range of cytoplasmic solution variables.

TL;DR: Three popular hypotheses attempt to explain the origin of prebiotic molecules: synthesis in a reducing atmosphere, input in meteorites and synthesis on metal sulfides in deep-sea vents.

TL;DR: The INK4a/ARF locus sits at the nexus of these two growth-control pathways, by virtue of its ability to generate two distinct products: the p16INK4a protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that functions upstream of RB; and the p19ARF protein, which blocks MDM2 inhibition of p53 activity.

TL;DR: The phospholipase-generated polyunsaturated 1,2-diacylglycerols and mono-unsaturated and saturated phosphatidates appear to be intracellular messengers, whereas their immediate metabolites probably do not have signalling functions.