Showing papers in "Trends in Cognitive Sciences in 2003"

TL;DR: Three areas are consistently activated in association with theory of mind: the anterior paracingulate cortex, the superior temporal sulci and the temporal poles bilaterally.

TL;DR: Researchers in thinking and reasoning have proposed recently that there are two distinct cognitive systems underlying reasoning, and experimental psychological evidence showing that the two systems compete for control of the authors' inferences and actions is presented.

TL;DR: These new findings suggest that the DLPFC aids in the maintenance of information by directing attention to internal representations of sensory stimuli and motor plans that are stored in more posterior regions.

TL;DR: This work proposes here that time, space and quantity are part of a generalized magnitude system and outlines A Theory Of Magnitude (ATOM) as a conceptually new framework within which to re-interpret the cortical processing of these elements of the environment.

TL;DR: It is argued that the interplay between the unique demands of word reading and the structural constraints of the visual system lead to the emergence of the Visual Word Form Area.

TL;DR: Current approaches and empirical findings in human gaze control during real-world scene perception are reviewed.

TL;DR: A review of the recent research reveals that WMC and g are indeed highly related, but not identical and WM span tasks involve an executive-control mechanism that is recruited to combat interference and this ability is mediated by portions of the prefrontal cortex.

TL;DR: Theoretical research shows how modality-specific re-enactments could produce basic conceptual functions, such as the type-token distinction, categorical inference, productivity, propositions and abstract concepts.

TL;DR: Researchers in this field argue that unusual constructions shed light on more general issues, and can illuminate what is required for a complete account of language.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the recent evidence that synchronous neural oscillations reveal much about the origin and nature of cognitive processes such as memory, attention and consciousness.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present definitions of visual attention and awareness that clearly distinguish between the two, yet explain why attention and attention are so intricately related, and why there seems more overlap between mechanisms of memory and awareness than between those of attention.

TL;DR: It is argued that self-awareness and agency are integral components for navigating within a common representation network between self and other and that within this shared neural network the inferior parietal cortex and the prefrontal cortex in the right hemisphere play a special role in interpersonal awareness.

TL;DR: It is proposed that one-year-olds apply a non-mentalistic interpretational system, the 'teleological stance' to represent actions by relating relevant aspects of reality (action, goal-state and situational constraints) through the principle of rational action, which assumes that actions function to realize goal-states by the most efficient means available.

TL;DR: By then, it was becoming clear in several disciplines that the solution to some of their problems depended crucially on solving problems traditionally allocated to other disciplines, and collaboration was called for.

TL;DR: This work examines how studying the multicausality of real-time processes could be the key to understanding change over developmental time and considers recent research and theory on perseverative reaching by infants as a case study that demonstrates this approach.

TL;DR: In a recent article, Nieder and Miller demonstrate a neural correlate of Weber's law, and thus resolve a classical debate in psychophysics: the mental number line seems to be logarithmic rather than linear.

TL;DR: This research provides experimental tools for examining brain plasticity and has implications for perceptual and cognition studies more generally.

TL;DR: Research shows that, although people do respond with moral outrage to taboo trade-offs, they often acquiesce when secular violations of sacred values are rhetorically reframed as routine or tragic trade-off.

TL;DR: Cortical and thalamocortical oscillations in different frequency bands could provide a neuronal basis for discrete processes, but are rarely analyzed in this context.

TL;DR: These empirical findings complement recent neurobiologically oriented theories of self-consciousness which focus on the relation between the subject and his/her environment by supplying a neural basis for its key components.

TL;DR: A selective overview of how recent investigations of visual neglect are beginning to elucidate the underlying structure of spatial processes and mental representations is provided.

TL;DR: Cognitive, social, and neuropsychological studies of apparent mental causation suggest that experiences of conscious will frequently depart from actual causal processes and so might not reflect direct perceptions of conscious thought causing action.

TL;DR: The IDA model provides a fine-grained analysis of two classical working-memory tasks, verbal rehearsal and the utilization of a visual image, and new light is shed on the interactions between conscious and unconscious aspects of working memory.

TL;DR: Chimpanzees clearly do not have a human-like theory of mind, however, and so the challenge is to specify precisely how ape and human social cognition are similar and different.

TL;DR: It is suggested that these two on-line methodologies, eye movements and event-related potentials, can be used in complementary ways to produce a better picture of the mental action the authors call reading.

TL;DR: Results from neuropsychological, ERP and functional neuroimaging studies can be accommodated within the dual-process framework, and suggest that familiarity and recollection are supported by distinct neural mechanisms.

TL;DR: The objective is to come up with precise operational models of how communities of agents, equipped with a cognitive apparatus, a sensori-motor system, and a body, can arrive at shared grounded communication systems.

TL;DR: It is suggested that additional experiments will be unhelpful as long as they continue to rely upon determining whether subjects interpret behavioral invariances in terms of mental states, and a paradigm shift is proposed to overcome this limitation.

TL;DR: Here it is argued that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that HERA, as reformulated, is true for both verbal and non-verbal materials.

TL;DR: Research exploring the idea that simplicity drives a wide range of cognitive processes is reviewed, outlining mathematical theory, computational results and empirical data that underpin this viewpoint.