Showing papers in "Trends in Genetics in 1989"

TL;DR: A deletion of three base pairs that results in the omission of a phenylalanine residue at the center of the first predicted nucleotide-binding domain was detected in CF patients.

TL;DR: Extended haplotype data based on DNA markers closely linked to the putative disease gene locus suggest that the remainder of the cystic fibrosis mutant gene pool consists of multiple, different mutations.

TL;DR: The changes in DNA sequence that have taken place during the evolution of eukaryotic genomes cannot be accounted for simply by base substitutions; some more complex mutations must have take place as well.

TL;DR: The background and current advances of gene targeting in mouse ES cells are described, which promise to provide the means to generate mice of any desired genotype.

TL;DR: A monoclonal antibody is described that recognizes a conserved epitope in the homeodomain of engrailed proteins of a number of different arthropods, annelids, and chordates; this antibody is used to isolate the grasshopperEngrailed gene, a homeobox gene that has an important role in Drosophila segmentation.

TL;DR: Whereas the zebrafish embryo is similar in important ways to other vertebrate embryos, it is relatively simple and unusually accessible for both cellular and genetic analyses.

TL;DR: Analysis of organellar genomes strongly supports the idea that chloroplasts and mitochondria originated in evolution as eubacteria-like endosymbionts, whose closest contemporaries are cyanobacteria and purple photosynthetic bacteria, respectively.

TL;DR: The formation of a sense organ in Drosophila is a progressive process which begins with the local acquisition of a 'proneural' state, and mutations altering different steps of this process reveal the existence of several distinct operations.

TL;DR: The polymerase chain reaction is a powerful new method for 'in vitro cloning' that can selectively amplify a single molecule of template DNA several millionfold in a few hours and makes possible new approaches to problems in molecular genetics, evolutionary biology, and development.

TL;DR: The nature and possible significance of rare chromosome fusion events thought to involve telomeres, particularly those fusion events found in some tumours are discussed, and it is argued that interstitial telomere-like stretches may be particularly prone to recombination, breakage and fragility.

TL;DR: Retinoic acid, a small hydrophobic molecule that binds to nuclear receptors, is a candidate morphogen for specifying the anteroposterior pattern of vertebrate limbs.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the unique variation generated by this technique and the current use of somaclonal variation to develop new plant varieties.

TL;DR: Point mutations have been associated with maternally inherited diseases, while deletions have been identified in some 'spontaneous' cases.

TL;DR: The status of the map of genes whose chromosomal locations have been determined in both mouse and man is assessed, progress towards saturated maps is evaluated, and the manner in which this information is now being used in fields as diverse as medical and evolutionary genetics is illustrated.

TL;DR: The proposed roles for this methylation, and the sequence it modifies, in mismatch repair, DNA-protein interaction, gene expression, the initiation of chromosome replication, chromosome segregation, chromosome structure and the occurrence of mutational hotspots are reviewed.

TL;DR: The current state of knowledge about the structure, genetic organization and life cycle of HBV is reviewed and new approaches may soon begin to shed light on these areas.

TL;DR: Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, studies indicate that Borrelia spirochetes, perhaps uniquely among prokaryotic organisms, have linear chromosomes.

TL;DR: There are indications that cells respond to PDGF in vivo only when they have been previously stimulated to express the corresponding receptor.

TL;DR: The cloning, cDNA sequence and embryonic expression of a Xenopus homologue of MyoD, a mouse gene encoding a DNA-binding protein that can activate muscle gene expression in cultured cells, are described and the predicted Xenopus MyOD protein sequence is remarkably similar to mouse Myo D.

TL;DR: It is suggested that genomic imprinting, an epigenetic process that marks maternal and paternal chromosomes in mammals, is involved in parental effects of genetic disorders in mammals.

TL;DR: Preventive treatment for the emphysema associated withalpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is available in the form of intermittent infusions with alpha 1-antsin, and strategies have been developed to reverse the deficiency state with gene therapy.

TL;DR: Banding of metaphase chromosomes is an invaluable aid to analysing the complex genomes of vertebrates, but the biochemical basis for this phenomenon is poorly understood.

TL;DR: The use of genetic mosaics for cell lineage analysis has revealed several important features of plant development, including polyclonal organs in higher plants, and cell fate appears to be determined by the final location of a cell rather than by its history.

TL;DR: Molecular studies of the X and Y chromosomes in humans and mice have provided clues to mammalian sex chromosome function and evolution and the pseudoautosomal boundary has been cloned and sequenced.

TL;DR: Streptomyces species are unusual among bacteria in their extensive colony differentiation, which involves the development of spore-bearing aerial hyphae on mycelial colonies.

TL;DR: This note examines ways in which many introns have been inserted into nuclear genes after the divergence of multigene families sometimes in a semi-regular pattern with respect to pre-existing domains.

TL;DR: It has become apparent in recent years that unexpectedly large numbers of minisatellites exist within the eukaryotic genome and there is also much speculation about their involvement in a range of biological processes.