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Showing papers in "Trends in Parasitology in 2015"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Medicinal treatment of farmed fish has been the most predictable and efficacious, leading to extensive use of the available compounds, which has resulted in drug-resistant parasites occurring on farmed and possibly wild salmonids.

322 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The literature demonstrating that EVs are secreted by intracellular and extracellular eukaryotic parasites, as well as their hosts, are reviewed, and the functional properties of these vesicles in maturation, pathogenicity and survival are detailed.

239 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exposure to domestic sources of infection and human-assisted exposure to wild sources were identified as the two main drivers of emergence across host taxa; the domestic source was primary for fish while the wild source wasPrimary for other taxa.

235 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will focus on the current efforts to address the microbiomes of diverse ticks, and the evolving understanding of tick microbiomes, hope that these efforts will bring a holistic understanding of pathogen transmission by ticks.

229 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work examines how two key processes of redistribution - biological invasion and disease emergence - are interlinked, and calls for international policy that acknowledges the strong links between emerging diseases and invasion risk.

172 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Focusing on eukaryote parasites, the increasing diversity of the 'eDNA toolbox' is reviewed and combining eDNA methods with complementary tools offers much potential to understand parasite communities, disease risk, and parasite roles in broader ecosystem processes such as food web structuring and community assembly.

163 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seroprevalence studies indicate exposure in the general population and in specific risk groups, such as patients initially suspected of having human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and the potential impact on public health.

155 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that, although ticks may readily transmit C. burnetii in experimental systems, they only occasionally transmit the pathogen in the field, and it is proposed that further knowledge of Coxiella-like bacteria will yield new insights into Q fever evolutionary ecology and C. burningetii virulence factors.

150 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that an individual host can be considered to be an ecosystem in that it is an environment containing a diversity of entities that interact with each other, potentially competing for space, energy, and resources, ultimately influencing the condition of the host.

124 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current numbers of both immunocompetent and Immunocompromised AE patients, and the anticipated future increase, call for scaling-up research to rapidly improve the development and implementation of prevention measures, early diagnosis, and curative treatment of human AE.

120 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This critical assessment of the principal design features of Phase III vector control field studies is outlined, major failings and strengths of published studies are highlighted, and guidance on improving the design and conduct of vector control studies is provided.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An update on the latest developments on the Toxoplasma secreted proteins is provided, and it is pointed out that recent discoveries could open the issue of a possible, yet uncharacterized, distinct secretory pathway in Toxicoplasma.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Trends and biases in the study of the ability to manipulate host behaviour that may cloud or limit the understanding of its evolution are highlighted.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that variation in phenotypic plasticity among and within species strongly contributes to epidemiological dynamics when parasites are shared among multiple hosts, which is often the case.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that comparisons between cancer biology and host-Theileria interactions can reveal chemotherapeutic targets against Theileria-induced pathogenesis based on cancer treatment approaches.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Genomic and transcriptomic technologies are changing Leishmania research and research into new control strategies provides insights into the vector–parasite–host triangle.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that more comprehensive xenodiagnostic assessments of infectivity are necessary to accurately quantify the infectious reservoir and better target interventions.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The phylogenetic relationships of the G6, G7, G8, and G10 genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus are well defined, but their taxonomic status is currently unresolved and it is argued that it may be appropriate to resurrect these names.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The interactions of parasites in aquatic wildlife are explored in terms of their biodiversity, their response to environmental change, their emerging diseases, and the contribution of humans and domestic animals to parasitic disease outcomes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of treatment experiments are assessed, laying out the benefits and limitations of this approach, and how they can be used to improve the understanding of the role of parasites in wildlife populations are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that upper scales often provide a way to survey a wider range of parasites at lower cost and new protocols and theoretical studies are necessary to take advantage of this opportunity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is highlighted that most Culicoides species are able to feed on several vertebrate species, but present clear preferences for mammals or birds.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Transmission patterns suggest that the epidemic in the southern hemisphere is only beginning and that chikungunya will not go away anytime soon.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology was awarded to William C. Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura for their discovery of avermectins, and to Tu You You for her contribution to the discovery of artemisinin.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that methods for sampling and recovering STHs require substantial advances to provide reliable measurements for STH control and recent innovations in the use of automated image identification and developments in molecular genetic assays offer considerable promise for improving quantification and viability assessment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work reviews how this rapidly developing field is using molecular information to detect cryptic interactions between species and to increase the understanding of the phylogenetic and mechanistic processes which structure food webs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The two types of motion needed for parasite dissemination are discussed and how they could be targeted by future vaccines or drugs are elaborate.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review has compiled published data on the known distribution of important malaria vectors in Thailand based on genetic and molecular identification assays from 1994 to 2014, with maps of relevant species distribution provided herein.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Diagnostic tests that were useful for identifying priority areas for disease prevention may not be adequate tools for elimination programs and how they might be best employed during different stages of onchocerciasis elimination programs is considered.