Showing papers in "Ultrasonics Sonochemistry in 2008"

TL;DR: The results indicate that US and MW, either alone or combined, can greatly improve the extraction of bioactive substances, achieving higher efficiency and shorter reaction times at low or moderate costs, with minimal added toxicity.

TL;DR: The extracting technology including ultrasonic and microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction of lycopene from tomato paste were optimized and compared and implied that UMAE was far more efficient extracting method than UAE.

TL;DR: During the ultrasonic emulsification, coalescence phenomenon which is only marginal, has been observed, which can be attributed to the collision of small droplets when the droplet concentration increases beyond a certain number and the acoustic streaming strength increases.

TL;DR: Investigation of intermediates using HPLC-MS showed that the main ultrasonic BPA degradation pathway is related to the reaction of BPA with the *OH radical, and early products were converted into biodegradable aliphatic acids.

TL;DR: In the present work, comprehensive experimental and numerical investigations on the effects of ultrasound frequency and acoustic power on sonoluminescence (SL) and H(2)O( 2) yields have been carried out.

TL;DR: The present work overviews the different ways in which the cavitation phenomena can be intensified by using additives and/or combining cavitation with other oxidation processes, and discusses Hybrid methods viz.

TL;DR: From results, the optimum frequency for a sonochemical reactor can be determined if the liquid height is specified for scale-up of the son biochemical reactor.

TL;DR: The application of ultrasonic method was shown to be more efficient in extracting hesperidin from Penggan (C. reticulata) peel than the classical method, and solvent, frequency and processing temperature were the most important factors for improving the extracting yields.

TL;DR: The water effective diffusivity of the pineapples during the air-drying process was influenced by the pre-treatment, increasing the water effectivediffusivity when ultrasound was applied, and that the overall drying time was reduced by 8%.

TL;DR: The use of ultrasound to extract phenolic compounds from coconut shell was evaluated and the process yielded 22.44 mg of Phenolic compounds per gram of coconut shell at the optimum operating condition.

TL;DR: It has been observed that ambient operating conditions of temperature and pressure and reaction times of <3h, for all the different combinations of acid (lower and higher)/methanol studied in the present work, was sufficient for giving >90% conversion (mol%).

TL;DR: Ulasonic de-agglomeration of nanoparticles in aqueous solution is considered to be mainly a result of cavitation, and the presence of gas in the dispersion medium influences cavitation intensity and thus the effectiveness of the de-AGglomeration process.

TL;DR: The present work is the first to report the use of a hydrodynamic cavitation technique for real industrial wastewater treatment and results in about 60-80% removal of TOC under optimized conditions depending on the type of industrial effluent samples.

TL;DR: The TiO2 catalysts prepared by the bath-US ultrasonic-assisted sol-gel method were shown to be the most highly active and high surface area and high pore-diameter, demonstrating the importance and advantages of ultrasonication in the modification and improvement of the photocatalytic properties of mesoporous nano-sizeTiO2 particles.

TL;DR: The application of sonication method was shown to be highly efficient in the extraction of rutin and quercetin from E. alatus (Thunb.) Sieb, compared with classical methods.

TL;DR: Results strongly suggest that the transient cavitation zone is responsible for the acoustic emulsification of oil.

TL;DR: It was shown that the ultrasonic extraction produced a significant reduction in extraction time at a lower operational temperature than under a conventional industrial hot maceration process.

TL;DR: The optimization of hydrodynamic cavitation as an AOP requires identifying the key parameters and studying their effects on the process, and properties such as volatility or hydrophobicity determine the potential applicability of HC and therefore have to be taken into account.

TL;DR: It is found that the ultrasonic irradiation time and the solvents both influence the growth mechanism and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles.

TL;DR: In optimum conditions, the overall hydrolysis reaction rate in the ultrasonic bath process was above 2-fold than that in the shaking bath process, and temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and water/oil ratio was investigated subsequently.

TL;DR: Transmission electron microscope micrographs showed that ultrasonication inflicts extensive microbicidal/microbistatic external and internal damage on all three "test" microbes.

TL;DR: The experiments indicated that the sonocatalytic method in the presence of nano-sized ZnO powder was an advisable choice for the treatments of non- or low-transparent organic wastewaters in future.

TL;DR: A simple, efficient and green procedure has been developed for the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles catalyzed by zirconium (IV) acetylacetonate using ultrasonic irradiation, offering several advantages such as excellent yields, simple procedure, short reaction times and milder conditions.

TL;DR: The results obtained here indicate that the degradation rate of brilliant red K-BP in aqueous solution was substantially accelerated by Fe2+, NaCl or Fenton reagent addition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of sonotrode emitting face and gas content of medium on the efficiency of enzyme inactivation were investigated at different time-temperature combinations and generation of OH free radicals was also monitored.

TL;DR: It was demonstrated that the degradation rate constant of DCP in US/Fe/ EDTA was 7 and 32 times higher than those in Fe/EDTA and US system alone, and lower first-order kobs was also obtained in the investigation of decomposition of EDTA.

TL;DR: The effect of different cavitation chamber designs and diverse operational parameters on the inactivation rate of Escherichia coli have been studied and used to understand the mechanisms involved in cell disruption.

TL;DR: Ulasonic irradiation was shown to be an effective method for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate and up to 96% ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency can be obtained.

TL;DR: The obtained results indicate that *OH radical are the primary reactive species responsible for 4-CP ultrasonic degradation, and the dominant degradation mechanism is the reaction of substrate with *OH radicals at the gas bubble-liquid interface rather than high temperature direct pyrolysis in ultrasonic cavities.

TL;DR: The water-soluble fractions from both the classical and ultrasonics experiments were shown to exhibit significant radical scavenging activity in vitro, indicating their potential application as polysaccharide-based antioxidants.