Showing papers in "Ultrasonics Sonochemistry in 2011"

TL;DR: This review presents a complete picture of current knowledge on application of ultrasound in food technology including processing, preservation and extraction and provides the necessary theoretical background and some details about ultrasound the technology, the technique, and safety precautions.

TL;DR: The benefits of ultrasonication of sludge, the effect of sonication parameters, impact ofSludge characteristics on sludge disintegration, and thereby the increase in biogas production in anaerobic digester are summarized.

TL;DR: In this overview, some recently developed experimental procedures for the characterization of acoustic cavitation bubbles have been discussed.

TL;DR: Overall, the sonication process had little effect on the structure of proteins in WPC solutions which is critical to preserving functional properties during the ultrasonic processing of whey protein based dairy products.

TL;DR: Results of the present study indicate that sonication may be employed as a suitable technique for kasturi lime juice processing, where antioxidant and other bioactive compound retention or enhancement is desired, along with the achievement of safety and quality standards.

TL;DR: This research clearly demonstrated the superiority of PUAE for producing antioxidants from peel of pomegranate marc using ultrasound-assisted extraction in continuous and pulsed modes.

TL;DR: For the first time the dependence of acoustic cavitation effects has been observed on the surface of a plastic material as a function of ultrasonic frequency.

TL;DR: Using ultrasonication the authors succeed in a controlled incorporation of TiO(2) nanoparticles on the graphene layers homogeneously in a few hours, which is attributed to the pyrolysis and condensation of the dissolved TiCl(4) into TiO (2) by ultrasonic waves.

TL;DR: The experimental values agreed with those predicted by SRM models, thus indicating suitability of the model employed and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions.

TL;DR: The effects of different factors, including the material's particle size, the extraction solvent, solid/solvent ratio, temperature, extraction time, the electrical acoustic intensity, liquid height and duty cycle of ultrasound exposure on the extraction yield of all-trans-β-carotene from citrus peels by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were investigated.

TL;DR: Under optimal conditions, continuous and pulsed irradiations showed almost the same efficiency of deagglomeration over a given time, which provides alternative operating conditions for attaining the smallest size of the alumina aggregates in suspension.

TL;DR: The researches on the sonocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and the corresponding reaction kinetics have also been performed, which is found to follow the pseudo first-order kinetics approximately.

TL;DR: Ultrasound pretreatment followed by hot air drying at the highest amplitude and treatment time investigated resulted in higher retention of polyacetylenes and carotenoids in dried carrot discs than blanching followed byhot air drying.

TL;DR: The role of the different operating parameters in deciding the extent of viscosity reduction in polymer systems and also the controlling effects of low frequency high power ultrasound are understood with experiments on different scales of operation.

TL;DR: In sulfuric and phosphoric acid, the low volatility and high solubility of any sonolysis products make bubble collapse more efficient and evidence for an optically opaque plasma core is found.

TL;DR: In this study, an in vitro comparison was made between the photodynamic and sonodynamic damages on U251 human glioblastoma cell lines and suggested that the mechanism of TiO(2)/PEG mediated sonodynamic cytotoxicity differs from that of photodynamic cyttoxicity.

TL;DR: It was found that the crystallite size obtained in both the synthesis methods were below 30 nm and sonochemical synthesis method is energy efficient method saving more than 92% of energy as compared to that utilized by the conventional synthesis method.

TL;DR: Results showed that ultrasound had effect on the activity of Alcal enzyme, and the highest Alcalase activity was achieved when the sample was treated with energy-gathered ultrasound at 80 W for 4 min.

TL;DR: In this review some historical perspectives of therapeutic ultrasound and progress in the field since the early 1990's will be presented.

TL;DR: The synergistic effect of the greater surface area and catalytic activities of the composite catalysts was examined in terms of the strong adsorption ability and interphase interaction by comparing the different amounts and roles of CNTs in the catalysts.

TL;DR: Nucleation rate shows an order of magnitude rise with sonication, while growth rate reduces with sonicated system, as compared to a mechanically agitated crystallization system, which means the dominant crystal size of the crystal size distribution (CSD) of sonocrystallization systems is smaller, but span of CSD is larger.

TL;DR: It was shown in the by-products analysis that the solution pH can alter the amount of each product generated during the sonophotocatalytic degradation, and that the overall mineralization is lower than an additive effect (negative synergistic effect).

TL;DR: The results indicated that the ultrasound-assisted extraction of phillyrin from Forsythia suspensa is a very useful method for the extraction of important phytochemicals from plant materials.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on high-rate decomposition of a typical reactive blue (RB) 19 dye under various ultrasound and electrochemical process conditions and found that ultrasound assisted electrolysis was more effective and the total energy consumption reduced to half as compared with simple electrolysis/sonochemical decomposition.

TL;DR: Although there appears to be a correlation between the SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) ratio of the fly ash and the temperature of zeolite formation by conventional synthesis, no correlation was apparent when ultrasonic pre-treatment was used at low-temperatures.

TL;DR: The study is about the degradation of a widely used anti-inflammatory drug-diclofenac by high frequency ultrasound to select the operating conditions and to improve the process efficiency by the addition of iron species, which provided a remarkably high yield in presence of NPI.

TL;DR: The development of Fe(III)/TiO(2) catalysts for sonocatalytic degradation of Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) dye in water was carried out using sol-gel method and the presence of even small amount of rutile inhibited the catalytic activity of catalyst.

TL;DR: Ultrasonication used for the production of fatty acid methyl ester from non-edible vegetable oil using immobilized lipase (Chromobacterium viscosum) as a catalyst from Enterobacter aerogenes to make the process fully ecologically and environmental friendly.

TL;DR: A significant decrease in vitamin C content of tomato extract was observed as a function of temperature and treatment time, whereas ultrasonic treatment had no significant effect on vitamin Ccontent of tomato Extract.

TL;DR: The presence of several aromatic structures showed that the main ultrasonic CV degradation pathway is linked to the reaction with *OH radicals, and these early products were converted into biodegradable organic by-products which could be easily treated in a subsequent biological treatment.