Showing papers in "Veterinary Microbiology in 2008"

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that MRSA is common in pigs in Ontario, Canada, and provides further support to concerns about transmission of MRSA between pigs and humans.

TL;DR: The quality of design, implementation and reporting of evaluations of tests for paratuberculosis is generally poor, there is a need for better correspondence between the study population and target population, and stratification of test-evaluations by target condition improved the interpretation of the test accuracies.

TL;DR: The main effects of vaccination include less clinical symptoms, lung lesions and medication use, and improved performance, however, bacterins provide only partial protection and do not prevent colonization of the organism.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the current scientific evidence of wild boar as a TB reservoir host is presented, with the aim of expanding the list of wildlife species that act as natural reservoirs of TB in different parts of the world and suggest the need to control the infection in wild Boar populations for the complete eradication of the disease in Spain.

TL;DR: The present manuscript reviews the importance of pigs and pork as a source for salmonellosis in humans and discusses commonly accepted and recent insights in the pathogenesis of non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in pigs, with emphasis on Salmoneella Typhimurium.

TL;DR: No distinctive clustering of case- and control-herds was found suggesting that there is no link between PCV2 sequences and herd disease status, and the analysis showed that the shift happened in 2003 or even earlier, which may indicate that PCV 2 group 1 is a more adapted form ofPCV2 and possibly could be more pathogenic.

TL;DR: Investigation if different kinds of pig farms, like farrowing farms and rearing farms, play a role in the transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Dutch finishing farms found that MRSA are transmitted between farms through the purchase of colonized pigs.

TL;DR: Results suggest that PCV2 genotype 1 may potentially be more pathogenic than PCV 2 genotype 2 and infection of single pigs from PMWS affected farms harbouring both genotypes is described.

TL;DR: With the recent identification of newSEs, the perceived frequency of enterotoxigenic strains has increased, suggesting that the pathogenic potential of staphylococci may be higher than previously thought; however, further studies are required to assess the expression of these new SEs by S. aureus.

TL;DR: Pepscan of the two linear epitopes demonstrated that SS2 (748YSNIGVCK755) and SS6 (764LQDGQVKI771) are two core epitopes on S1d5 and S1D6, respectively, located on the S protein of PEDV.

TL;DR: Data establish that the density and composition of the mucosal flora is related to the presence and severity of intestinal inflammation in cats and suggest that mucosal bacteria are involved in the etiopathogenesis of feline IBD.

TL;DR: This paper is a review of the current literature on the recent genetic evolution of CCoV and emergence of new CoVs in the dog and the significances of the newly acquired information for the canine health status and prophylaxis programmes are discussed.

TL;DR: Two common enzyme activities, C4 esterase and C8 esterases lipase, were identified in all BDD associated treponemes suggesting common metabolic pathways for sharing this novel niche or even common virulence traits.

TL;DR: The ability to persist in cattle production environments contributes to the contamination and recontamination of cattle, as well as for human infection, so effective control strategies must be considered on cattle farms, in order to limit entry of STEC cells into the environment.

TL;DR: The results suggest that although both genomovars are present in the aquatic environment,genomovar II appears to be more pathogenic for channel catfish.

TL;DR: Faecal E. coli isolates of healthy pets could be a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes.

TL;DR: The present data show that certain MRSA genotypes are capable of infecting a wide spectrum of small and exotic animals, especially in clinical facilities.

TL;DR: Data indicate that divergent viruses that did not cross-react serologically did not provide complete cross-protection when used in inactivated vaccines against heterologous challenge and may have enhanced disease.

TL;DR: Blood samples collected from Eurasian badgers, white-tailed deer, brushtail possums, and wild boar were collected for evaluation of antibody responses to M. bovis infection by a lateral-flow rapid test (RT) and multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA), suggesting that a rapid TB assay such as the RT may provide a useful screening tool for certain wildlife species that may be implicated in the maintenance and transmission of M. Bovis infections.

TL;DR: This is the first description of HEV infection in Spanish wild boar and the results obtained may suggest a possible role ofWild boar as a HEV reservoir for both domestic animals and humans.

TL;DR: Evaluation of the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal colonization is necessary to understand the apparent emergence of these strains and to develop appropriate control strategies.

TL;DR: This is the first study characterizing HEV infection in naturally infected pigs with chronological virus detection and its relationship with tissue lesions throughout the productive life of the animals.

TL;DR: A novel colonization mechanism by escaping rapid mucosal clearance through short-term epithelial invasion and evasion, combined with fast replication in the mucus is suggested.

TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to determine whether some frequently used short- (SCFA) and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are able to alter virulence gene expression and to decrease Salmonella Typhimurium colonization and shedding in pigs using well established and controlled in vitro and in vivo assays.

TL;DR: The multiplex real-time RT-PCR was able to detect the viral RNA in the whole blood samples of experimentally infected pigs as early as 2 days post-infection, 3 to 4 days prior to the onset of clinical signs in co-housed pigs, and completely correct differentiation of wild-type viruses from C-strain vaccine in China.

TL;DR: Investigation of the underlying immunological mechanisms of the action of probiotics against colonization of the chicken intestine by Salmonella enterica subsp.

TL;DR: The genetic diversity of 283 Mycobacterial strains isolated from cattle, goat, red deer and wild boar from six different geographical regions of Portugal was investigated by spoligotyping, revealing 29 different patterns.

TL;DR: This review will examine known virulence genes (real and putative) identified to date and the mechanisms that contribute to the intracellular survival of Brucella and its ability to establish chronic infection.

TL;DR: The prevalence of MRSA colonization among equine veterinary personnel found in this study was high compared to that of other studies of the general population, and this is the first study to demonstrate a statistically significant association between hand hygiene practices and a measurable clinical outcome in veterinary medicine.

TL;DR: The data suggest the introduction of three distinct H5N1 variants into the wild bird population of Germany and the source of these viruses and the exact time of introduction remain obscure.