Showing papers in "Veterinary Microbiology in 2012"

TL;DR: Investigations indicate that the newest type CPV-2c is becoming prevalent in different geographic regions and is often associated to severe disease in adult dogs and also in dogs that have completed the vaccination protocols, and continuous surveillance will help assess whether there is a real need to update currently available vaccines and diagnostic tests.

TL;DR: Results suggest that both the external placental fluid and the umbilical cord could be suitable sample materials for the confirmation of an infection with Schmallenberg virus in malformed newborns, at least in lambs.

TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the microbiological studies that have been conducted with IPEC-J2 cells and a reference guide of key cellular and immune markers that have be identified in this cell line that may prove to be useful in future studies are provided.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that M. hyopneumoniae, PRRSV and SIV H1N1 are the major pathogens involved in pneumonia-like gross lesions even though PCV2 may play a role.

TL;DR: Administration of mixed Bacillus probiotics significantly improved growth and survival of PL shrimp, increased beneficial bacteria in shrimp and culture water and enhanced water quality for the levels of pH, ammonia and nitrite of culture water.

TL;DR: Evaluated the relationship between bacterial species-specific virulence factors present in the uterus at 3 different stages of lactation and the incidence of metritis and clinical endometritis in dairy cows found A. pyogenes cbpA was detected in only 5 samples and therefore was not subjected to further analysis.

TL;DR: The bee diseases American and European foulbrood and nosemosis can be treated with anti-infectious agents, but in the EU and the USA the use of these agents in beekeeping is strictly regulated due to the lack of tolerance for residues of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics in honey.

TL;DR: It is speculated that these newly identified perturbations in the composition of caecal microflora may play a role in the development and manifestation of necrotic enteritis.

TL;DR: An overview of how and when stress influences the outcome of bacterial infections in animals is provided.

TL;DR: Data suggested that the prevalent strains of tilapia streptococci in China have shifted from the former (before 2008) dominant strains of S. iniae to the current (2009-2011) dominant StrPTococcus agalactiae.

TL;DR: The use of metagenomic pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for the investigation of postpartum dairy cows' uterine bacterial diversity was used and prevalence was significantly (P<0.05) higher in samples derived from cows that had a higher uterine lavage sample score.

TL;DR: Although no significant difference was observed between isolates from free range and indoor commercial meat chickens, the zoonotic potential of poultry E. coli is re emphasised and the presence of a limited number of virulence genes is assessed.

TL;DR: This strain, identified as Vagococcus fluvialis, showed good protection against Vibrio anguillarum 975-1 in vivo in the experimental challenge, showing a relative percent survival higher than positive control group, and is considered to be a good candidate for use as a future probiotic in aquaculture.

TL;DR: The presence of a lineage 2 strain in regions where the lineage 1 strain is still circulating, creates a new scenario with unpredictable consequences and comprehensive investigations on the occurrence, ecology, and epidemiology of these different WNV strains circulating in Italy become the highest priority.

TL;DR: It is shown that a live vaccine that is antigenically adapted to match the genotype VII NL/93 outbreak strain does not provide increased protection compared to a classic genotype II live vaccine, suggesting poor flock immunity due to inadequate vaccination practices that may be responsible for outbreaks and spreading of virulent NDV field strains.

TL;DR: Large genetic diversity of porcine and bovine rotavirus strains across Europe is demonstrated, and it is suggested that livestock herds may serve as potential reservoirs for human infections.

TL;DR: There could be an airborne transmission of MRSA within pig herds indicating a potential contamination of the environment of barns, and MRSA prevalences in pigs as well as in various environmental samples were significantly higher in fattening farms than in breeding farms.

TL;DR: The finding of MRSA CC30 (spa t1333) suggest possible spread of the SCCmec cassette normally associated with ST398 into another S. aureus lineage common in pigs, and the presence of mecA was confirmed by PCR and the MRSA isolates were spa typed.

TL;DR: Differences in the ruminal bacterial community and host Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression of beef cattle with different susceptibility to acidosis and host gene expression changes that may be useful in the prevention of ruminal acidosis are determined.

TL;DR: The combined use of highly specific and sensitive molecular assays facilitated the detection of atypical serovars of C. psittaci, as well as other species of Chlamydia, such as C. pecorum and C. abortus, which raises the question of their epidemiological importance and possible role as pathogens.

TL;DR: A Bayesian approach was formulated to estimate for the first time sensitivity and specificity of the tests currently used in Spain, and results support the potential use of the IFN-γ assay as an ancillary technique for routine BT diagnosis.

TL;DR: PCR-DGGE may be considered as a useful tool for the entanglement of animal skin microbiota, in casu the teat apices of dairy cows, with variations between quarters with a different clinical status.

TL;DR: Results may suggest that either different MRSA subtypes associated with humans or animals have been imported into the respective farm or that one MRSA CC398 strain has undergone diversification, reflected by more or less expanded changes in PFGE patterns, spa type or resistance pattern, during colonization of different hosts on the same farm.

TL;DR: A multiplex PCR was developed to distinguish O157 and the 'top six' non-O157 serogroups (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) and evaluate the applicability of themultiplex PCR to detect the seven serog groups of E. coli in cattle feces.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that external noxious stimuli allow D. nodosus to break down the epidermal barrier creating a suitable environment for the secondary invaders, Treponema species, which gradually take over the infection site.

TL;DR: Nares of healthy sheep could be a reservoir of PVL-positive community-associated-MRSA and also of TSST-positive S. aureus isolates, with potential implications in public health.

TL;DR: It is shown that a high proportion of persistently infected animals shed virus into the environment for at least 70 days, representing a possible risk for transmission and that should be considered in future epidemiological analysis of ASF.

TL;DR: The complete genome or the genome region containing the two fiber genes of two reference strains and one field isolate representing both serotypes of Fowl adenovirus C were sequenced and provided insights about the evolution of fiber genes in avian adnoviruses and their genetic relationships.

TL;DR: This review and survey of recent findings will argue that the germfree mouse model can produce its greatest potential benefits in the study of the metabolism and immunity of the host.

TL;DR: It is suggested that husbandry, antimicrobial usage and hygiene may play a significant role on a farm with regards to the epidemiology of CTX-M-15 and this may offer a practical opportunity to reduce further dissemination through good practice and hygiene around calving.