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Showing papers in "Vision Research in 2006"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A forced-choice saccade task is shown that when two scenes are simultaneously flashed in the left and right hemifields, human participants can reliably make saccades to the side containing an animal in as little as 120 ms.

586 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that efficiency for letter identification is independent of duration, overall contrast, and eccentricity, and only weakly dependent on size, suggesting that letters are identified by a similar computation across this wide range of viewing conditions.

398 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The shape of the anterior corneal surface provides no definitive basis for knowing the asphericity of the posterior surface and the results show the effective refractive index is 1.329, which is lower than values commonly used.

365 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An adaptive norm-based coding model of face identity is proposed, observing a larger aftereffect for opposite than non-opposite adapt-test pairs that are matched on perceptual contrast (dissimilarity).

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Observers found that scene-constrained targets were detected faster and with fewer eye movements, interpreted as evidence for a rapid top-down biasing of search behavior by scene context to the target-consistent regions of a scene.

295 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings suggest that whereas sustained attention operates strictly via contrast gain, transient attention may be better described by a mixture of response gain and contrast gain.

251 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that eye movements are frequently large enough that there will be little correlation in the contrast or luminance on a receptive field from one fixation to the next, and thus rapid contrast and luminance gain control are essential.

247 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that training substantially improved visual acuity and contrast-sensitivity functions in the amblyopic eyes of all the observers in Groups I and II, although no significant performance improvement was observed in Group III.

234 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a free-space autorefractor was used to measure the peripheral refraction of emmetropic and myopic subjects along horizontal and vertical visual fields for 116 subjects and a 43 subject subset, respectively.

230 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that dynamic visual cues play a dominant causal role in attracting attention, while some static visual cuesplay a weaker causal role, while other static cues are not causal at all, and may instead reflect top-down causes.

229 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The guinea pig provides a fast mammalian model of FD myopia and corneal curvature regulation and the myopia rapidly abated once the diffusers were removed due to inhibition of elongation and choroidal thickening.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the search for realistic objects is guided primarily by top-down control, with implications for saliency map models of visual search.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the faster the local motion signal, the more it biases judgments of global motion direction, and proposed that local and global motion signals are summed non-linearly for this stimulus because as local motion speed increases, moving luminance blobs are visible for less time, affording less time to inhibit inappropriate component motion signals.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Top-down search, guided by the contents of WM, can modulate selection even when salient bottom-up cues are present, and is demonstrated even on search for a pop-out target.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A Bayesian system identification technique was used to determine which image characteristics predict where people fixate when viewing natural images and it was found that rather than centre surround inhibition, the weightings simply averaged over an area of about 2 degrees.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that models of saccade behaviour must account not only for task but also for saccace length and that long and short saccades are targeted differently.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown clearly that cuttlefish must be color blind, as they showed non-disruptive coloration on the checkerboards whose color intensities were matched to the Sepia visual system, suggesting that the substrates appeared to their eyes as uniform backgrounds.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Novel experiments are reported which show that the face pop-out effect can be replicated, but under controlled conditions there is no asymmetry between faces and other objects (cars); and search becomes inefficient when Fourier amplitude information is made irrelevant, and only phase information can be used to detect faces.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Measurements showed that lens dimensions and the anterior radius of curvature increase linearly throughout adult life while posterior curvature remains constant, which provides additional support for the Helmholtz theory of accommodation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Behavioral results combined with computational simulations provided insights into the nature of the internal noise that is relevant to perceptual switching, as well as provided novel dynamic constraints on computational models designed to capture the neural mechanisms underlying perceptual switching

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The centred model predicts increase in spherical aberration in myopia and predicts the relative change in mean sphere in the periphery between the horizontal and vertical meridians that has been observed in a recent experimental study.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings demonstrate that all movement-relevant locations are selected in parallel rather than serially in time, and that selection involves spatially distinct, non-contiguous foci of visual attention.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that both discrimination thresholds and learning depend on the number of trials used during training, with more trials producing higher discrimination thresholds due to suppressive processes related to adaptation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that attention increases apparent saturation, but does not change apparent hue, notwithstanding the fact that it improves orientation discrimination for both saturation and hue stimuli.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: How to assess the validity of perceptive fields as predictors of human responses is discussed, and by deriving a novel expression for the maximum trial-by-trial predictability attainable by any model for any psychophysical task is discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both exogenous and endogenous attention can influence initial dominance of binocular rivalry, effectively boosting the stimulus strength of the attended rival stimulus.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although accommodative amplitude and pinhole (open loop) accommodation were significantly different in myopes than in non-myopes, these functions were unrelated to myopia progression.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The difference in the stability of the accommodative behavior between individuals with different refractive states suggests a possible relationship between variability in accommodation and the development of myopia.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In an experiment synthetic faces were used in which the position of the iris and the angle of head rotation were varied, and the results illustrate how cues of iris location and head orientation interact to determine perceived gaze direction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of a series of experiments confirm the robust influence of cognitive/linguistic processing on fixation times in reading, and again confirm the importance of preprocessing the word to the right of fixation for fluent reading.