Showing papers in "Water Science and Technology in 1983"

TL;DR: In this article, six different conversion processes are identified in the degradation of particulate organic material (biopolymers) to methane, and the kinetic data are applied to the design of an anaerobic digester for raw domestic sludge.

TL;DR: A review of anaerobic treatment of wastewater in fixed film reactors is presented, with emphasis laid on kinetic parameters like growth constants, substrate removal rates and growth yields.

TL;DR: A model of the anaerobic digestion process is presented which attempts to explain the complex patterns of volatile acid production in the an aerobic digestion process using mathematical expressions derived from the known redox potential of the NAD/NADH couple.

TL;DR: The influence of the sludge loading rate, the addition of a small amount of granular sludge to the seed sludge and the effect of the NH4+- and Ca2+-concentration in the influent on the pelletization-process of anaerobic methanogenic sludge in UASB-reactors were studied.

TL;DR: A review of the development of the biological excess removal of phosphorus in the activated sludge process, from 1959 when it was first observed to the present, is given in this paper.

TL;DR: It was concluded that enhanced biological phosphorus removal by activated sludge is dependent on the enrichment of certain Acinetobacter spp in the system.

TL;DR: Investigations were conducted using four different media in large laboratory-scale anaerobic filters to show the importance of media type, size, and shape on waste treatment performance, finding that solids retention characteristic seems to be as closely related to media shape and void size as to unit surface area.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors contribute to the assesment of a (more) optimal design and operation of a high-rate anaerobic waste water treatment process by making use of available information of modern Anaerobic Waste Water Treatment processes, such as the upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket process and recently introduced Attached Film processes.

TL;DR: The average influent wastewater characteristics such as the COD concentration, the TKN/COD ratio, the rapidly biodegradable COD concentrations, the maximum specific growth rate of the nitrifiers at 20°C attainable in the wastewater, and the maximum and minimum temperatures are shown to govern the design of, and effluent quality from single sludge activated sludge processes for both biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In order to elucidate the sources and causes of off-flavours in natural waters, an integration of sensory, chemical and biological research is needed, and criteria for establishing the odour production by organisms are presented.

TL;DR: The analyses of the water taken in the lake as well as of the laboratory cultures of the blue-green algae led to the conclusion that 2-methylisoborneol is produced by Phormidiumtenue, whereas geosmin by Anabaenamacrospora.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of anaerobic treatment using granular biological fluidized bed treatment for a number of industrial wastes were presented. But the results were limited to 3 to 38 kg COD/m 3-day.

TL;DR: The closed-loop stripping analysis (CLSA) method of Grob, in combination with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), has been used in the determination of five earthy-musty-smelling compounds.

TL;DR: In this article, anaerobic methane fermentation has significant potential for treatment of industrial wastewaters, but application of the process has been limited, due in part to the belief that the process cannot tolerate chronic and transient toxicity inherent in many industrial wastes.

TL;DR: It is suggested that Acinetobacter species may not be the only bacterium to remove phosphate from an activated sludge system, but that other groups of bacteria also do so under suitable environmental conditions.

TL;DR: A new process is proposed that protects the anaerobic reactor from the nitrate in the effluent; tests indicate that this process can give excess P removal for TKN/COD ratios up to 0,14 mgN/mgCOD.

TL;DR: The ability to degrade the chlorine compounds could be transferred from one reactor to another by transferring the liquid but no degradation occurred before addition of solids in the reactor as mentioned in this paper, and the degradation of pentachlorophenol was most active when softwood bark was used as the solid material It was less active on unglazed pottery, and inactive on glass (beads or fibre), cellulosic fibre, clay and ion exchange resin.

TL;DR: A review of the fate on enteric viruses and phages through each major unit process used in wastewater and potable water treatment is given.

TL;DR: There is evidence that several other blue-green algal metabolites contribute to aquatic taste and odour problems, among them is β-cyclocitral which has a distinctive tobacco flavour.

TL;DR: Experimental conditions and criteria enabling one to distinguish between algal excretion products and contaminants, or pollution products, are put forward.

TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the biological and chemical P-assimilation removal mechanisms is presented, with a focus on the biological P-removal in biological sludge and the chemical Passimilation in chemical sludge.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe three years operating experience with two full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge plants and discuss factors affecting biological phosphorus removal and possible process improvements suggested.

TL;DR: In this article, anaerobic stationary fixed film (SFL) and an upflow sludge bed reactor were used to treat dairy wastes at high loading rates and high COD removal efficiencies.

TL;DR: The isolation, structure proof and chemical syntheses of three volatile, highly odorous metabolites of actinomycetes are presented as well as their relation to odor problems in natural waters.

TL;DR: A serious problem in pond culture of fish is the absorption of compounds from the aquatic environment which impart disagreeable flavor in the fish, and Aquarium studies with mono-species cultures of geosmin-producing algae indicate that channel catfish can absorb off-flavor compounds exclusive of the digestive tract.

TL;DR: In this article, the whole field of utilisation of sewage sludge for the production of agricultural crops is surveyed, and special attention is given to the development of a long-term strategy for utilising sewage sludges as fertilisers for agricultural crops.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the expanded/fluidized bed represents a more efficient design for anaerobic fermentation reactions.

TL;DR: A review of the available information from case and outbreak reports and the results of prospective and retrospective studies revealed that the potential for the spread of viral diseases by the use of fecally contaminated drinking and recreational water has only been realized for infectious hepatitis and viral gastroenteritis.

TL;DR: Two Oscillatoria strains have been isolated from three different water supply systems in California that have experienced taste and odor problems in their drinking water and yielded 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) at 60–150 µg/l, both of which had been identified in the sediment samples from which the organisms were isolated.