WMU journal of maritime affairs 

About: WMU journal of maritime affairs is an academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Public international law & Port (computer networking). It has an ISSN identifier of 1651-436X. Over the lifetime, 428 publications have been published receiving 4736 citations. The journal is also known as: World Maritime University journal of maritime affairs & World Maritime University journal of maritime affairs (Online).

CO2 emission statistics for the world commercial fleet

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of the world commercial fleet. The analysis is based on the Lloyds-Fairplay world ship database for 2007 and produces various emissions statistics of the following major ship types: bulk carriers, crude oil tankers, container vessels, product/chemical carriers, LNG carriers, LPG carriers, reefer vessels, Ro-Ro vessels and general cargo ships. A separate analysis is carried out for small vessels under 400 GRT and for passenger vessels. The main outputs from this analysis for each ship type-size bracket are the emitted grams of CO2 per tonne-km and an estimate of the total CO2 produced in a year. The methodology for estimating these statistics is described, and a comparison with other studies is made.

From Titanic to Costa Concordia—a century of lessons not learned

Abstract: The recent foundering of the Costa Concordia in January 2012 demonstrated that accidents can occur even with ships that are considered masterpieces of modern technology and despite more than 100 years of regulatory and technological progress in maritime safety. The purpose of this paper is, however, not to speculate about the concrete causes of the Costa Concordia accident, but rather to consider some human and organizational factors that were present in the Costa Concordia accident as well as in the foundering of the Titanic a century ago, and which can be found in many other maritime accidents over the years. The paper argues that these factors do not work in isolation but in combination and often together with other underlying factors. The paper critically reviews the focus of maritime accident investigations and points out that these factors do not receive sufficient attention. It is argued that the widespread confidence in the efficacy of new or improved technical regulations, that characterizes the recommendations from most maritime accident investigations, has led to a lack of awareness of complex interactions of factors and components in socio-technical systems. If maritime safety is to be sustainably improved, a systemic focus must be adopted in future accident investigations.

Market-based measures for greenhouse gas emissions from ships: a review

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review several distinct proposals for market-based measures (MBMs) that are under consideration by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus far, some ten distinct MBM proposals have been submitted to the IMO. The paper discusses the general concept of an MBM, the mechanisms used by MBMs, and attempts to discuss the pros and cons of the submitted proposals, according to some specific criteria.

The impact of low sulphur fuel requirements in shipping on the competitiveness of roro shipping in Northern Europe

Abstract: Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention aims for a reduction in sulphur oxide emissions from ships. The limits applicable at sea in Emission Control Areas (ECAs) were reduced from 1.5% to 1% in 2010 and are planned to be further reduced to 0.1%, effective from 1 January 2015. This paper analyses the impact of the International Maritime Organization’s Tier II/III standards introduced by Annex VI amendments adopted in October 2008 on costs and prices of roro (roll on/roll off) traffic in the ECAs in North Europe and on the competitiveness of roro shipping in the ECAs compared to trucking. We demonstrate that the new Annex VI agreement may be quite costly for the participants in the shipping industry and will result in higher freight rates. Based on a detailed price analysis on modal competition between the roro/truck option and the ‘truck only’ option on thirty origin–destination routes linked to the ECAs, we conclude that the use of low sulphur fuel is expected to increase the transport prices particularly on the origin–destination relations with a medium or long short sea section. The paper also presents the results of a survey among leading short sea operators in the ECAs in view of providing more insight on expected modal shifts and price elasticity in the short sea market.