Showing papers in "World Development in 2001"

TL;DR: The authors examines the relative merits of statistical, comparative, and case study approaches to studying the commons and concludes that careful research design and sample selection, construction of causal mechanisms, and a shift toward comparative and statistical rather than single-case analyses are necessary for a coherent, empirically-relevant theory of the commons.

TL;DR: In this article, a typology describes the evolution of groups through three stages, and indicates what kinds of policy support are needed to safeguard and spread achievements in watershed, irrigation, microfinance, forest, and integrated pest management.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a typology of participation, spells out the gender equity and efficiency implications of such exclusions, and analyzes what underlies them, and outlines a conceptual framework to help analyze the process of gender exclusion and how it might be alleviated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the reasons why recent evaluations of the empowerment potential of credit programs for rural women in Bangladesh have arrived at very conflicting conclusions and argue that the primary source of the conflict lies in the very different understandings of intra-household power relations which these studies draw on.

TL;DR: The evidence is compelling that the poor in developing countries do typically share in the gains from rising aggregate affluence and in the losses from aggregate contraction as mentioned in this paper. But how much do poor people share in growth? Do they gain more in some settings than others? Do some gain while others lose? Does pro-poor growth mean more or less aggregate growth?

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate this argument in the light of the evolution in the structural characteristics of FDI and empirically test the hypothesis that the level of human capital in host countries may affect the geographical distribution of the FDI inflows.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of evidence provided some surprising departures from traditional images of non-farm activities of Latin American rural households and showed that rural nonfarm employment (RNFE) and incomes averaged 40% of rural incomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the two-way causal links between poverty alleviation and natural tropical forests and found that there are few synergies between natural forests and national poverty reduction, which may explain why the loss of tropical forests is ongoing.

TL;DR: The authors analyzes the determinants of access to off-farm sources of income across households and finds that education plays a major role in accessing better remunerated non-agricultural employment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present evidence from a study of 18 forest user groups in Nepal that heterogeneity is not a strong predictor of the level of collective activity and that heterogeneity can be overcome by good institutional design when the interests of those controlling collective-choice mechanisms are benefited.

TL;DR: In this paper, a case study of the export-oriented blue jeans industry in Torreon, Mexico, the authors discuss the role of US buyers in promoting full-package apparel production.

TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between deforestation and income across 66 countries of Latin America, Africa and Asia is examined, and strong evidence of an environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) relationship between income and deforestation for all three continents.

TL;DR: The authors assesses the best-known index, The Global Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum, and finds deficiencies at several levels: its definitions are too broad, the approach biased and the methodology flawed.

TL;DR: This article developed a model of efficient aid in which flows respond to policy improvements that create a better environment for poverty reduction and effective aid, and investigated scenarios of policy reform and efficient aid that point the way to how the world can cut poverty in half in every major region.

TL;DR: In this paper, a post-print version of this article is published in World Development, 2001 Elsevier, Inc. http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.html

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address two issues: How does gender affect technology adoption among African farmers? How does the introduction of new technologies affect women's well-being? Three conclusions come out of an extensive and critical review of the literature.

TL;DR: This paper proposed a theoretically grounded dynamic poverty typology that distinguishes stochastic from structural poverty transitions, and estimated that significant numbers of the South African poor are potentially trapped in a structural poverty trap and lack the means to escape poverty over time.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that there has been substantial growth over the past decade in household employment outside of own-farming, and that 51% of the net income of rural households comes from these off-farm activities, and thus they certainly cannot be considered as “marginal.

TL;DR: In this paper, a sample of 283 cotton farmers in Northern China was surveyed in December 1999 and found that farmers that used cotton engineered to produce the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin substantially reduced the use of pesticide without reducing the output/ha or quality of cotton.

TL;DR: In rural and urban East Africa, socioeconomic change has left men with a patriarchal ideology bereft of its legitimizing activities as discussed by the authors, which affects men's social value, identity and self-esteem.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extend GCC analysis to traditional primary commodities, where international traders exercise the driving role, and suggest a new agenda for their upgrading in developing country (DC) producers based upon public action.

TL;DR: In this article, the conceptual basis for existing and emergent institutional patterns in the context of partnership approaches to technology development is explored, drawing examples from recent studies of private enterprise activity in India smallholder horticulture, and suggesting that agricultural innovation as a process involves a wider range of organizational types than the conventional policy focus on public sector research organizations would tend to suggest.

TL;DR: The authors argued that the deep divisions one sees can be located in differences in the level of aggregation adopted, the time horizon considered, and assumptions made on market structure and power, and that mutual understanding could be advanced by further exploration of these differences, and the adoption by both sides of the approach of dialogue rather than negotiation.

TL;DR: In this paper, an evaluation of the targeting method used by Health Education and Nutrition Program (PROGRESA) of Mexico to identify beneficiary households was conducted, and it was found that the PROGRESA selection method is more effective in identifying the extremely poor localities or households but less so when it comes to distinguishing among localities and households in the middle of the scale.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures in developed countries on developing country exports of agricultural and food products is explored, and problems that developing countries face in meeting SPS requirements and how these relate to the nature of SPS measures and the compliance resources available to government and the supply chain.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the impact of NAFTA on the prices of basic crops in Mexico and found that the multiplier among ejido sector recipients is in the range 1.5-2.6.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a revised version of a paper of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) of Canada for the World Bank Conference on "Poverty, Environment, growth linkages" held in Washington, DC, USA, March 1999.

TL;DR: In this article, the determinants of backward vertical linkages established by multinational firms in host economies through an analysis of the local content ratio of 272 Japanese electronics manufacturing affiliates in 24 countries were examined.

TL;DR: This article reviewed the current land-tenure situation in southern Para and tried to identify policy changes that would reduce its environmental impact, and found that these issues are likely to spread to increasingly broader sections of Amazonia.