Showing papers in "Zoology in 2017"

TL;DR: This review examines several aspects of and gaps in the current understanding of spermatheca biology, including morphology, function, reservoir filling, development, and biochemistry.

TL;DR: The different experimental models of SCI have advantages and disadvantages for investigating the different aspects of lesion development, recovery mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions and the translation from experimental repair strategies to clinical applications needs to be investigated.

TL;DR: Investigating the distribution of serotonin, acetylcholine, catecholamines and nitric oxide in the neuroepithelial cells (NECs) of the mudskipper gill and skin epithelium revealed that NECs in the gills and the skin are innervated by catechlaminergic nerves, thus suggesting that these cells are involved in a central control of branchial functions through their relationships with the sympathetic branchial nervous system.

TL;DR: The present results for Helix pomatia show a clear difference in the number of glands compared to the related species Helix aspersa (only four mucus glands); histochemically, the glands of both species similarly produce acidic proteins as well as acidic glycosaminoglycans.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that moisture impacts sex ratios through evaporation and rainfall-based cooling is supported, highlighting the importance of examining other nest environmental factors on sex determination.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the cutting edges of Tiger Shark teeth, equipped with serrations at different scales, are linked to a diet that includes large, hard-shelled prey as well as smaller, softer prey such as fishes.

TL;DR: The results show that 12 currently recognized families of iguanas share X-specific gene content conserved from the common ancestor living in the Cretaceous period, however, the results in the genus Corytophanes indicate the loss of the ancestral differentiated sex chromosomes from the ancestor of basilisks.

TL;DR: It is shown that the higher skull shape diversity in dogs is not explained by less integrated skull modules, and the pattern of their covariation in the dog skull can be traced back to similar patterns in the wolf.

TL;DR: How moisture may change the incubation conditions inside nests by changing the temperature experienced by eggs, which affects development, growth and sex ratios is shown.

TL;DR: A subject-specific FEM of a rhesus macaque mandible was constructed, loaded and validated using in vivo data from the same animal, and the relative strain magnitudes were similar to those recorded in vivo for all strain locations.

TL;DR: In this article, the first study to comparatively assess the perception of the Ebbinghaus-Titchener circles and variations of the Delboeuf illusion in four juvenile bamboo sharks and five damselfish using identical training paradigms.

TL;DR: Exposure profiling results suggest species-specific adaptive divergence of silk use by male theridiids, and suggest spidroin genes vary between sexes and species.

TL;DR: This is the first study comparing the sexual behavior of allopatric populations of scorpions and provides new data about the degree of intraspecific geographical divergence in theSexual behavior of B. bonariensis.

TL;DR: Nonlinear regression should be preferred to the traditional method in future allometric analyses because it can fit two- and three-parameter power equations with differing assumptions about structure for error directly to untransformed data.

TL;DR: The location of the axis of rotation of the mandible was quantified using the helical axis (HA) in eight individuals from three species of non-human primates to test three hypotheses regarding the functional significance of anteroposterior condylar translation - an AoR located inferior to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) - during chewing.

TL;DR: The research presented here highlights the importance of more naturalistic models of mammalian feeding, and underscores the need for a better understanding of the processes of both morphological and behavioral maturation that follow weaning.

TL;DR: Though the distribution patterns reported here should be useful for the at-sea conservation of this endangered species, future research should focus on performing year-round tracking to map the species' distribution during the non-breeding period and gathering multi-year tracking information to understand the effect of inter-annual environmental stochasticity on the foraging choices and trophic habits of the species.

TL;DR: Assessment of physiological divergence in two sympatric lacertid lizards suggests that physiological mechanisms, ecological preferences and morphology probably allow these two species to overlap in their distribution while selecting different microhabitats and thus decreasing possible competition between them.

TL;DR: In this paper, the complete repertoire of histone-coding genes in the Hydra magnipapillata genome was identified based on their copy numbers, gene structure and other characteristic features.

TL;DR: Whether the visual component of a multimodal signal could attract attention at a distance, increasing the effectiveness of transmission and reception of the information in chemical cues, is discussed.

TL;DR: Investigation of survival and reproduction at different levels of food availability in 10 lineages of H. oligactis derived from a single Hungarian population showed that survival is conserved at the expense of reproduction in this population when food is low, suggesting that patterns of reproduction and survival are influenced by resource availability.

TL;DR: The morphology of the reproductive organs of two species of the beetle genus Cassida, with a special focus on the male structures, was scrutinised in detail during copulation and at rest using different microscopy techniques and found that the hyper-elongated structure of the intromittent organ, called flagellum, is part of the male ejaculatory duct.

TL;DR: Magnetic resonance imaging may open up extensive possibilities to study evolutionary and ecological questions by utilizing the immense wealth of natural historical collections without any destruction of the items.

TL;DR: It is proposed that turtles with specialized digestive tracts may have an advantage in black water rivers where plant chemical defences are more common, and flags areas where more studies are needed.

TL;DR: Varying osteogenic responses in masticatory elements suggest that physiological adaptation, and corresponding variation in skeletal performance, may reside differentially at one level of bony architecture, potentially affecting the accuracy of behavioral and in silico reconstructions.

TL;DR: Stable isotope signatures of carbon and nitrogen from scale tissue, red blood cells, and blood plasma are used to assess the diet of wild plains hog-nosed snakes in Illinois and developed Bayesian mixing models predicted that H. nasicus shifted from a juvenile diet predominantly composed of six-lined racerunners and their eggs to an adult diet predominantly of eggs of the aquatic turtles.

TL;DR: It is shown that soaring birds have higher Haversian bone densities than birds with a flapping style of flight, probably linked to the fact that the furculae of soaring birds provide less protraction force and more depression force than furcula of birds showing other kinds of flight.

TL;DR: Findings reveal that specialized morphology increases aquatic feeding performance in a fully aquatic newt.

TL;DR: A comparative analysis showed that almost all features of oogenesis in G. postclitellochaeta are similar to that in other representatives of EnchyTraeidae (mainly Enchytraeus albidus), suggesting evolutionary conservation of the process across this family.

TL;DR: It is suggested that this "wringer", operated by bill and tongue movements, helps to move nectar towards the throat.