Book•
3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband
31 Jul 2007-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by threeGPP with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE.
Abstract: This very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by 3GPP, with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE. The key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of HSPA and LTE implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as TD SCDMA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided.This is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies who need to know how to utilize the new technology to stay ahead of the competition.The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and are deeply involved in 3G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of both HSPA and LTE within 3GPP. * Gives the first explanation of the radio access technologies and key international standards for moving to the next stage of 3G evolution: fully operational mobile broadband* Describes the new technologies selected by the 3GPP to realise High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) for mobile broadband * Gives both higher-level overviews and detailed explanations of HSPA and LTE as specified by 3GPP
Citations
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14 Jun 2009
TL;DR: It is found that a limited amount of feedback information can provide a relatively good performance of the novel optimal multiuser scheduler proposed and its performance is evaluated.
Abstract: The problem of allocating resources for user transmissions on the downlink of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular communication system is studied. A novel optimal multiuser scheduler is proposed and its performance is evaluated. Numerical results show that the system performance improves with increasing correlation among OFDMA sub-carriers. It is found that a limited amount of feedback information can provide a relatively good performance. A sub-optimal scheduler with a lower computational complexity is also proposed, and shown to provide good performance. The sub-optimal scheme is especially attractive when the number of users is large, as the complexity of the optimal scheme may be unacceptably high in many practical situations.
58 citations
Cites background from "3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mob..."
...The smallest resource unit that a scheduler can assign to a user is a Scheduling Block (SB), which consists of two consecutive RBs, spanning a sub-frame time duration of 1 ms [4], [5]....
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...In addition, each SB can be allocated to at most one user [4]....
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...Furthermore, each sub-frame consists of 8 reference symbols [4]....
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...For example, on the downlink in LTE systems, sub-carriers are grouped into resource blocks (RBs) of 12 adjacent sub-carriers with an inter sub-carrier spacing of 15 kHz [4], [5]....
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...= NU = N and that the normal cyclic prefix configuration is used [4]....
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TL;DR: This paper provides a practical downlink transmission approach for single-cell full-dimension multiple-input-multiple-output (FD-MIMO) systems with large-scale uniform planar antenna array at the base station with assumption of only statistical channel state information at the BS.
Abstract: In this paper, we provide a practical downlink transmission approach for single-cell full-dimension multiple-input–multiple-output (FD-MIMO) systems with large-scale uniform planar antenna array at the base station (BS). Under the assumption of only statistical channel state information (CSI) at the BS, we derive the optimal beamforming vector of each user by maximizing a lower bound on the average signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio. Some main guidelines for user scheduling are also derived under this criterion. Based on these results, a low-complexity 3-D beamforming space-division multiple-access (SDMA) transmission algorithm exploiting only the statistical CSI of each user is proposed. Furthermore, the ergodic sum rate of the proposed algorithm is analyzed, and a closed-form expression, as well as a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximation and a high-SNR approximation, are derived. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of achievable sum rate, and the analytical results on its achievable sum rate are validated.
58 citations
Cites background from "3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mob..."
...MULTIPLE-INPUT multiple-output (MIMO) has been widely recognized as an effective means of improving capacity and reliability in wireless communications [1]; it has attracted great interest [2] and found application in many wireless standards [3]....
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TL;DR: The results show that the averaging area of a few square-centimeters may be a good candidate for the spatial-average power density, and provide valuable input to the ongoing revision and updating of relevant safety standards and guidelines.
Abstract: The crowdedness of current cellular bands and the demand for higher transmission speed prompt the use of the millimeter-wave spectrum for the next-generation mobile communication. In the millimeter-wave frequencies, the dosimetric quantity for human exposure to electromagnetic fields changes from the specific absorption rate to incident power density. In this paper, we used 28-GHz beam-steering patch arrays, a dipole antenna, and plane waves to investigate the temperature elevation in a multi-layer model of human head and its correlation with power density metrics. The power density averaged over one square-centimeter in free space and the peak temperature elevation in tissue at 28 GHz have good correlation. The peak temperature elevation indicated by the power density averaged one square-centimeter also agrees well with the peak temperature elevation induced by the plane waves. The results show that the averaging area of a few square-centimeters may be a good candidate for the spatial-average power density. The findings provide valuable input to the ongoing revision and updating of relevant safety standards and guidelines.
57 citations
Cites methods from "3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mob..."
...In this study, we assume the continuous wave signals to give a conservative estimate of 1T , while in practice, considering the precoding methods and likely Time Division Duplexing (TDD), the steady state may take a longer period to reach, and a very high-date uplink rarely happens in practice [51], [52]....
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TL;DR: This study empirically investigates the determinants of essential IPRs for wireless communication standards using the patent database and focuses on the inventors’ involvement in technical standardization by identifying and collecting their patent applications.
56 citations
30 Nov 2009
TL;DR: An optimized algorithm and a corresponding re-configurable architecture for computing Zadoff-Chu (ZC) complex sequence elements based on the CORDIC algorithm are proposed and demonstrate that the proposed architecture is capable of achieving detection error rates for LTE PRACH that are close to ideal rates achieved using floating-point precision.
Abstract: An optimized algorithm and a corresponding re-configurable architecture for computing Zadoff-Chu (ZC) complex sequence elements based on the CORDIC algorithm are proposed The algorithm computes ZC-sequence elements both in time domain and frequency domain using a simple duality relationship Algorithm transforms are employed to compute the elements recursively and eliminate multipliers with non-constant terms The algorithm is applied in a searcher block for detecting the physical random access channel (PRACH) in LTE PHY layer The PRACH transmits a preamble constructed from ZC sequences to establish initial access along with uplink synchronization with the base station A reconfigurable hardware architecture was implemented to generate these preambles on the fly with high accuracy based on the proposed algorithm, eliminating the need for storing a large number of long complex ZC sequence elements Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture is capable of achieving detection error rates for LTE PRACH that are close to ideal rates achieved using floating-point precision
55 citations
Cites methods from "3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mob..."
...In the cyclic extension method, a ZC sequence of length N , where N is largest prime smaller than or equal to M , is cyclically extended to length M ....
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