Book•
3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband
31 Jul 2007-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by threeGPP with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE.
Abstract: This very up-to-date and practical book, written by engineers working closely in 3GPP, gives insight into the newest technologies and standards adopted by 3GPP, with detailed explanations of the specific solutions chosen and their implementation in HSPA and LTE. The key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of HSPA and LTE implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as TD SCDMA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided.This is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies who need to know how to utilize the new technology to stay ahead of the competition.The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and are deeply involved in 3G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of both HSPA and LTE within 3GPP. * Gives the first explanation of the radio access technologies and key international standards for moving to the next stage of 3G evolution: fully operational mobile broadband* Describes the new technologies selected by the 3GPP to realise High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) for mobile broadband * Gives both higher-level overviews and detailed explanations of HSPA and LTE as specified by 3GPP
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TL;DR: A content-aware (CA) priority marking and layer dropping scheme is proposed, which is lightweight both in terms of architecture and computation and very close to the performance obtained with the computation and signaling-intensive QoE optimization schemes.
Abstract: The increasing popularity of mobile video streaming applications has led to a high volume of video traffic in mobile networks. As the base station, for instance, the eNB in LTE networks, has limited physical resources, it can be overloaded by this traffic. This problem can be addressed by using Scalable Video Coding (SVC), which allows the eNB to drop layers of the video streams to dynamically adapt the bitrate. The impact of bitrate adaptation on the Quality of Experience (QoE) for the users depends on the content characteristics of videos. As the current mobile network architectures do not support the eNB in obtaining video content information, QoE optimization schemes with explicit signaling of content information have been proposed. These schemes, however, require the eNB or a specific optimization module to process the video content on the fly in order to extract the required information. This increases the computation and signaling overhead significantly, raising the OPEX for mobile operators. To address this issue, in this article, a content-aware (CA) priority marking and layer dropping scheme is proposed. The CA priority indicates a transmission order for the layers of all transmitted videos across all users, resulting from a comparison of their utility versus rate characteristics. The CA priority values can be determined at the P-GW on the fly, allowing mobile operators to control the priority marking process. Alternatively, they can be determined offline at the video servers, avoiding real-time computation in the core network. The eNB can perform content-aware SVC layer dropping using only the priority values. No additional content processing is required. The proposed scheme is lightweight both in terms of architecture and computation. The improvement in QoE is substantial and very close to the performance obtained with the computation and signaling-intensive QoE optimization schemes.
13 citations
25 Jul 2018
TL;DR: This paper is the first in the literature that studied the deployment of drone base station without apriori user distribution information and outperforms the random search algorithm and the attractive search algorithm regarding the maximum number of severed users under the Deployment of drone-BSs they found with a time limit.
Abstract: Drone base stations can provide cellular networks in areas that have lost coverage due to disasters. To serve the maximum number of users in the disaster area without apriori user distribution information, we proposed a ‘sweep and search’ algorithm to find the optimal deployment of drone base stations. The algorithm involves polygon area decomposition, coverage control and collision avoidance. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first in the literature that studied the deployment of drone base station without apriori user distribution information. Simulations are presented showing that the proposed algorithm outperforms the random search algorithm and the attractive search algorithm regarding the maximum number of severed users under the deployment of drone-BSs they found with a time limit.
13 citations
Cites background from "3G Evolution : HSPA and LTE for Mob..."
...ain no holes. Among different generations of cellular networks including GSM/3G/LTE, one of the common functions of cellular BSs is to persistently broadcast system information on the forward channel [6, 7, 8]. Mobile stations (MSs) carried by network users consist of cell phones and other cellular module equipped devices. In the disaster area, MSs have not been covered by any operational base station will...
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01 Dec 2011
TL;DR: The paper refines the clustering step, by the introduction of cluster smoothing, outlier removal and cluster splitting, thereby reducing both the sizes and the irregularity of the clusters of positions, which improves the accuracy of the computed fingerprinted polygons of the generalized radio map.
Abstract: This paper presents new algorithms for generation of generalized radio maps for fingerprinting positioning in the long term evolution (LTE) cellular system. The algorithms use collected high precision positions of opportunity tagged with measured radio properties like cell ID (CID), received signal strengths (RSS), timing advance (TA) and angle of arrival (AoA) information. The high precision positions are obtained from assisted GPS (A-GPS) or observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning. All A-GPS and OTDOA measurements with the same tag (fingerprint) are then saved in separate clusters of high precision positions. In this way fingerprinted clusters covering the cellular network are created automatically. Finally, a polygon is computed to describe the boundary of each cluster, resulting in an adaptive self-learning positioning system. The paper refines the clustering step, by the introduction of cluster smoothing, outlier removal and cluster splitting, thereby reducing both the sizes and the irregularity of the clusters of positions. This improves the accuracy of the computed fingerprinted polygons of the generalized radio map. Algorithms for merging of the resulting multiple polygons (per fingerprint) are then presented, rendering one single polygon corresponding to the radio fingerprint. When used for positioning in LTE, the radio fingerprint is measured and the corresponding single polygon is looked up and reported to the end user.
13 citations
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: This PhD thesis focuses on system level analysis of Multi-Component Carrier (CC) management for Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced, where cases where multiple CCs are aggregated to form a larger bandwidth are studied.
Abstract: This PhD thesis focuses on system level analysis of Multi-Component Carrier (CC) management for Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced. Cases where multiple CCs are aggregated to form a larger bandwidth are studied. The analysis is performed for both local area and wide area networks. In local area, Time Division Duplexing (TDD) is chosen as the duplexing mode in this study. The performance with different network time synchronization levels is compared, and it is observed that achieving time synchronization significantly improves the uplink performance without penalizing much of the downlink transmission. Next the technique of frequency reuse is investigated. As compared to reuse-1, using different frequency channels in neighboring cells reduces the interference to offer large performance gain. To avoid the frequency planning, several decentralized algorithms are developed for interference reduction. Compared to the case of reuse-1, they achieve a gain of 50∼500% in cell edge user throughput, with small or no loss in average cell throughput. For the wide area network, effort is devoted to the downlink of LTE-Advanced. Such a system is assumed to be backwards compatible to LTE release 8, i.e., some users can access all CCs (LTE-Advanced users), whereas some are restricted to operate within a single CC (release 8 users). First, load balancing across the multiple CCs is analyzed. Several known approaches are studied and the best one is identified. A cross-CC packet scheduler is afterwards proposed. It improves the cell edge user throughput by up to 90% over the independent scheduling with full buffer transmission and 40% with finite buffer transmission, depending primarily on the ratio of LTE-Advanced users. Meanwhile, there is no loss in the average cell throughput. The channel aware packet scheduling and link adaptation require feedback of Chan-
13 citations
17 Dec 2010
TL;DR: The new ICIC method based on region in OFDM downlink cellular systems has better performance than original one in improving users' throughput and can drastically improve the adjustment accuracy of ICIC.
Abstract: Inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is one of the key technologies in the multi-cell radio resource management of mobile systems. It plays a vital role in mitigating strong inter cell interference and guaranteeing proper quality of services for in-progress sessions. Because heterogeneous deployment is adopted in LTE-Advanced, and interference problem becomes serious. In this paper, we propose an ICIC method based on region in OFDM downlink cellular systems. Through dividing the border of cells into several segments, and marking by identities, when serious inter-cell interference occurs, the serving cell transfer the region information with the coordination information. The neighbor cell can judge whether it has exerted interference on the serving cell and perform ICIC action if it is yes. It can drastically improve the adjustment accuracy of ICIC. By simulating our method in the system simulation platform of LTE-Advanced, we can see the new method has better performance than original one in improving users' throughput.
13 citations
Additional excerpts
...The receiving cell may take such information into account when setting its scheduling policy [9]....
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