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4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system, including the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance.
Abstract: Based on the bestseller "3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband" and reflecting the ongoing success of LTE throughout the world, this book focuses on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system. Overview and detailed explanations are given for the latest LTE standards for radio interface architecture, the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance. Key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of the LTE/LTE-Advanced implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as GSM/EDGE, HSPA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided. This book is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals in the telecommunications industry, working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies, giving an understanding of how to utilize the new technology in order to stay ahead of the competition. The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and have been deeply involved in 3G and 4G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of LTE within 3GPP. Includes full details of the latest additions to the LTE Radio Access standards and technologies up to and including 3GPP Release 10Clear explanations of the role of the underlying technologies for LTE, including OFDM and MIMO Full coverage of LTE-Advanced, including LTE carrier aggregation, extended multi-antenna transmission, relaying functionality and heterogeneous deploymentsLTE radio interface architecture, physical layer, access procedures, MBMS, RF characteristics and system performance covered in detail
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A GCCA-based method is put forth that leverages selective BS cooperation to recover the cell-edge user signal subspace even at low SNR, and it is shown that using the closest three BS is always the best choice.
Abstract: Improving the uplink quality of service for users located around the boundaries between cells is a key challenge in cellular systems. Existing approaches relying on power control throttle the rates of cell-center users, while multi-user detection requires accurate channel estimates for the cell-edge users, which is another challenge due to their low received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Utilizing the fact that cell-edge user signals are weak but common (received at roughly equal power) at different base stations (BSs), this paper establishes a connection between cell-edge user detection and generalized canonical correlation analysis (GCCA). It puts forth a GCCA-based method that leverages selective BS cooperation to recover the cell-edge user signal subspace even at low SNR. The cell-edge user signals can then be extracted from the resulting mixture via algebraic signal processing techniques. The paper includes theoretical analysis showing why GCCA recovers the correct subspace containing the cell-edge user signals under mild conditions. The proposed method can also identify the number of cell-edge users in the system, i.e., the common subspace dimension. Simulations reveal significant performance improvement relative to various multiuser detection techniques. Cell-edge detection performance is further studied as a function of how many / which BSs are selected, and it is shown that using the closest three BS is always the best choice.

6 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...PROVIDING high data rates to users located at the boundaries between cellular coverage areas constitutes a major concern in the current 4G system [1] and the emerging 5G networks [2]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2016
TL;DR: The results show that power ramping can speed up access at small to moderate loads, but that it is actually detrimental at moderate to high loads, with the ability to cause abrupt onset of saturation.
Abstract: Power ramping is one of the mechanisms proposed to help alleviate congestion during random access in LTE cells. We evaluate its performance taking into account preamble SINR considerations as well as Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) deficiency. Our results show that power ramping can speed up access at small to moderate loads, but that it is actually detrimental at moderate to high loads, with the ability to cause abrupt onset of saturation.

6 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...3, which corresponds to 10log N = −5dB [3]....

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  • ...1λ; as they use an exclusive set of Nh preambles and deploy a contention-free random access procedure [3], [13], they will not collide with new call requests in the first handshake step....

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  • ...In case of a new call, random access requires that the UE undergoes the four step handshake [3] on PRACH, which is one of the several physical channels used in LTE/LTE-A cells....

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  • ...SINR is usually expressed as the ratio of bit energy and spectral density of noise power, Eb N0 ; in case of preamble detection, SINR threshold is expressed as ratio of the energy of the entire preamble sequence and spectral density of noise power, Ep N0 [13], [3]....

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  • ...Random access in Long Term Evolution/Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE/LTE-A) cells is necessary in a number of scenarios, in particular for initial access by a terminal (User Equipment or UE) that is not yet connected [3], [13]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 May 2012
TL;DR: This paper presents MoCCA - a cellular cloud architecture for building mobile clouds using small-footprint micro-servers running on cell phones based on GSM standard and includes performance results to validate the assumptions that a mobile cellular cloud can indeed be in the realm of possibilities.
Abstract: This paper presents MoCCA — a cellular cloud architecture for building mobile clouds using small-footprint micro-servers running on cell phones. We provide details of this architecture which is based on GSM standard, discuss several challenges, and include performance results to validate the assumptions that a mobile cellular cloud can indeed be in the realm of possibilities.

6 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...At the present time GSM/Edge systems provide a bandwidth of 384 Kbps which increases to 2 Mbps for UMTS/DECT systems....

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  • ...PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MoCCA is a GSM based cloud whose performance we evaluate here but it can act as a reference when cloud architectures based on 3G and 4G networks that support application bandwidths in excess of 20 Mbps are evaluated....

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  • ...Emerging 4 G systems such as LTE are planned to have downlink bandwidth of 84 – 168 Mbps [24]....

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11 Dec 2013

6 citations


Cites background or methods from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...Each subcarrier is modulated at low symbol rate with conventional modulation scheme, like QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM [6]....

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  • ...Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) was chosen to be the LTE uplink transmission scheme from mobile terminals to eNB [6]....

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  • ...10 changing the uplink transmission scheme was due to problems in transmission power that OFDMA causes to mobile terminals [6]....

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  • ...The high PAPR of OFDMA requires linear power amplifiers to avoid inordinate intermodulation twist....

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  • ...The OFDMA signal introduces very pronounced envelope fluctuations which lead to a high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) [6, 7]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A scheduling algorithm is proposed that allows the user of interactive videos to perform VCR-like actions other than the usual playback with less problems, and shows that the simple controller is very effective and outperforms the other schedulers in all the analyzed scenarios.

5 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...“3G” (Shimoe and Sano, 2012) and “4G” (Dahlman et al., 2011) broadband packetswitched networks, and the widespread technologically enhanced terminals (smartphones, tablets, etc....

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  • ...Today, last (third and fourth) generation cellular networks, i.e. “3G” (Shimoe and Sano, 2012) and “4G” (Dahlman et al., 2011) broadband packetswitched networks, and the widespread technologically enhanced terminals (smartphones, tablets, etc.) allow the development of a wide range of broadband…...

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  • ...3G networks and the more advanced 4G network, also known as Long Term Evolution (LTE) network (Dahlman et al., 2011), can perform high-quality 3D video streaming....

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