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4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system, including the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance.
Abstract: Based on the bestseller "3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband" and reflecting the ongoing success of LTE throughout the world, this book focuses on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system. Overview and detailed explanations are given for the latest LTE standards for radio interface architecture, the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance. Key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of the LTE/LTE-Advanced implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as GSM/EDGE, HSPA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided. This book is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals in the telecommunications industry, working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies, giving an understanding of how to utilize the new technology in order to stay ahead of the competition. The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and have been deeply involved in 3G and 4G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of LTE within 3GPP. Includes full details of the latest additions to the LTE Radio Access standards and technologies up to and including 3GPP Release 10Clear explanations of the role of the underlying technologies for LTE, including OFDM and MIMO Full coverage of LTE-Advanced, including LTE carrier aggregation, extended multi-antenna transmission, relaying functionality and heterogeneous deploymentsLTE radio interface architecture, physical layer, access procedures, MBMS, RF characteristics and system performance covered in detail
Citations
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01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The enhancement of LTE spectrum flexibility through carrier aggregation, further extension of multi-antenna transmission and provision of improvements in the area of inter-cell interference coordination in heterogeneous network deployments are presented.
Abstract: The initial release of LTE provided extensive support for deployment in spectrum allocations of various characteristics, with bandwidth ranging roughly from 1.3 MHz up to 20 MHz in both paired and unpaired bands. In LTE release 10 the transmission bandwidth can be further extended by means of so-called Carrier Aggregation (CA), where multiple component carriers are aggregated and jointly used for transmission to/from a single terminal. There are up to five component carriers, possibly each of different bandwidth, which can be aggregated, allowing for transmission bandwidth up to 100 MHz backwards compatibility where, each component carrier (CC) uses the release-8 structure. Hence, to a release-8/9 terminal, each CC will appear as an LTE release-8 carrier, while a carrieraggregation capable terminal can exploit the total aggregated bandwidth, enabling higher data rates. In general case, a different number of component carriers can be aggregated for the downlink and uplink. Therefore, this paper highlights the carrier aggregation which supports the inter-band aggregation contiguous component carriers, intra-band aggregation non-contiguous component carriers and inter-band aggregation. This paper also presents the enhancement of LTE spectrum flexibility through carrier aggregation, further extension of multi-antenna transmission and provision of improvements in the area of inter-cell interference coordination in heterogeneous network deployments.

28 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...Each CC can also be accessed by an LTE terminal from an earlier releases that is, component carriers are backwards compatible [2]....

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  • ...The special subframe configuration can be different for different components carriers though, as long as the resulting downlink–uplink switch time is sufficiently large [2]....

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  • ...Definitions for Intra-Band Carrier Aggregation RF parameters, for an example with two aggregated carriers [2]...

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  • ...Different Types of Carrier Aggegation [2]...

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  • ...Examples of Carrier Aggregation (‘P’ denotes the primary component carrier)[2]...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work adopts successive convex approximation framework to find multicast beamformers directly by considering a multiple-input single-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing framework and extends multicasting beamformer design problem with an additional constraint on the number of active elements.
Abstract: We study the problem of designing transmit beamformers for a multigroup multicasting by considering a multiple-input single-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing framework. The design objective involves either minimizing the total transmit power for certain guaranteed quality of service or maximizing the minimum achievable rate among the users for a given transmit power budget. The problem of interest can be formulated as a nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) for which the prevailing semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is inefficient for at least two reasons. At first, the relaxed problem cannot be reformulated as a semidefinite programming. Second, even if the relaxed problem is solved, the so-called randomization procedure should be used to generate a feasible solution to the original QCQP, which is difficult to derive for the considered problem. To overcome these shortcomings, we adopt successive convex approximation framework to find multicast beamformers directly. The proposed method not only avoids the need of randomization search, but also incurs less computational complexity compared to an SDR approach. In addition, we also extend multicasting beamformer design problem with an additional constraint on the number of active elements, which is particularly relevant when the number of antennas is larger than that of radio frequency chains. Numerical results are used to demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed methods over the existing solutions.

28 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...Current wireless standards such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) provide dedicated subframes to deliver multicast contents in addition to regular unicast transmissions due to immense data requirements from on-demand multicast services [1]–[3]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on the research model, both the Korean government and governments of other countries can be expected to further advance smart tourism in the future by implementing policy and institutional supports that aim to enable 4G LTE network-based M2V to realize a technological access system.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to facilitate market access by Internet of things (IoT) mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) (`M2V' hereinafter) for the purpose of providing the IoT services required to implement more advanced smart tourism in the tourism sector, which is heavily influenced not only by the Internet but also by information and communications technology (ICT) in the era of fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) networks. The study produced the following results. It established a 4G LTE network-based technological access system, which is commercially offered all over the world, and suggested business models featuring diverse interworking between network and system through M2V access to 4G LTE, as well as the resulting wholesale price calculation model according to bandwidth. Based on the research model, both the Korean government and governments of other countries can be expected to further advance smart tourism in the future by implementing policy and institutional supports that aim to enable 4G LTE network-based M2V to realize a technological access system, and by inducing M2V to make inroads into the tourism industry based on diversified business models.

28 citations


Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."

  • ...As the size of devices became smaller, eventually reaching one-eighth the size of first-generation devices, devices became more portable and gained in popularity based on reduced fees [11, 44]....

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  • ...Since the third generation of the Internet, continuous and innovative development has been attained to initiate the era of 4G LTE in the 2010s, where transmission speeds are 50 times faster than 3G, up to 1Gbps is realized at a time of discontinuance and 100Mbps is realized at a time of transportation, and this technology is currently marketed and provided all over the world [11]....

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Yu Liu1, Lexi Xu1, Yue Chen1, Yifeng Fan1, Bingyu Xu1, Jingwen Nie1 
01 Sep 2016
TL;DR: A novel interference based power control mechanism is proposed to estimate the interference generated by UEs to other cells to effectively improve the throughput for UEs with high pathloss and reduce the interference from other UE with low pathloss.
Abstract: In LTE cellular networks, the pathloss impacts the performance of the uplink channel power control. Therefore, power control algorithms can achieve good performance on the location where user equipment (UE) is not power limited. The baseline parameter setting of the fractional pathloss power control is valid for some scenarios, however, it is a challenging issue to improve the cell edge throughput in the complex environment, especially the mix of indoor and outdoor UE scenario. This paper proposes a novel interference based power control mechanism. The key is to estimate the interference generated by UEs to other cells. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively improve the throughput for UEs with high pathloss. In addition, the proposed mechanism can also reduce the interference from other UEs with low pathloss.

28 citations

Patent
05 Nov 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method performed in a UE (4) for requesting a connection set up with a network node (2) based on a set of classifying parameters and based on these parameters determines at least one class to which it belongs.
Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to handling of connection setups. More particularly, they relate to a method performed in a UE (4) for requesting a connection set up with a network node (2). The UE (4) receives a signal comprising a set of classifying parameters and based on these parameters determines at least one class to which it belongs to. The UE (4) also receives a PRACH preamble scheme associated with said class to be used by the UE (4) during a connection setup request. The method further controls the timing of transmitting at least one request, signal for requesting a connection setup with the network node (2) according to the received PRACH preamble scheme. Embodiments herein also relate to a method performed in a network node (2), and to a network node (2) and to a UE (4).

28 citations