Book•
4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband
21 Mar 2011-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system, including the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance.
Abstract: Based on the bestseller "3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband" and reflecting the ongoing success of LTE throughout the world, this book focuses on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system. Overview and detailed explanations are given for the latest LTE standards for radio interface architecture, the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance. Key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of the LTE/LTE-Advanced implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as GSM/EDGE, HSPA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided. This book is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals in the telecommunications industry, working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies, giving an understanding of how to utilize the new technology in order to stay ahead of the competition. The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and have been deeply involved in 3G and 4G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of LTE within 3GPP. Includes full details of the latest additions to the LTE Radio Access standards and technologies up to and including 3GPP Release 10Clear explanations of the role of the underlying technologies for LTE, including OFDM and MIMO Full coverage of LTE-Advanced, including LTE carrier aggregation, extended multi-antenna transmission, relaying functionality and heterogeneous deploymentsLTE radio interface architecture, physical layer, access procedures, MBMS, RF characteristics and system performance covered in detail
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TL;DR: This work proposes a novel mechanism, which can maximize the network social welfare (i.e., the network-wide performance), while achieving a game equilibrium among strategic mobile users, and demonstrates its superiority over the counterparts.
Abstract: In this paper, a mobile edge computing framework with multi-user computation offloading and transmission scheduling for delay-sensitive applications is studied. In the considered model, computation tasks are generated randomly at mobile users along the time. For each task, the mobile user can choose to either process it locally or offload it via the uplink transmission to the edge for cloud computing. To efficiently manage the system, the network regulator is required to employ a network-wide optimal scheme for computation offloading and transmission scheduling while guaranteeing that all mobile users would like to follow (as they may naturally behave strategically for benefiting themselves). By considering tradeoffs between local and edge computing, wireless features and noncooperative game interactions among mobile users, we formulate a mechanism design problem to jointly determine a computation offloading scheme , a transmission scheduling discipline , and a pricing rule . A queueing model is built to analytically describe the packet-level network dynamics. Based on this, we propose a novel mechanism, which can maximize the network social welfare (i.e., the network-wide performance), while achieving a game equilibrium among strategic mobile users. Theoretical and simulation results examine the performance of our proposed mechanism, and demonstrate its superiority over the counterparts.
138 citations
Cites methods from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."
...According to the 4G cellular network characteristics [52], the transmission power of each mobile user is set as 100 mW and the uplink transmission rate is determined randomly from 2 to 5 Mbps....
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TL;DR: This paper considers the uplink transmission from a UAV to cellular BSs, under spectrum sharing with the existing ground users, and proposes a centralized and decentralized ICIC schemes that achieve a near-optimal performance and draw important design insights based on practical system setups.
Abstract: The line-of-sight (LoS) air-to-ground channel brings both opportunities and challenges in cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. On one hand, the LoS channels make more cellular base stations (BSs) visible to a UAV as compared to the ground users, which leads to a higher macro-diversity gain for UAV-BS communications. On the other hand, they also render the UAV to impose/suffer more severe uplink/downlink interference to/from the BSs, thus requiring more sophisticated inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) techniques with more BSs involved. In this paper, we consider the uplink transmission from a UAV to cellular BSs, under spectrum sharing with the existing ground users. To investigate the optimal ICIC design and air-ground performance trade-off, we maximize the weighted sum-rate of the UAV and existing ground users by jointly optimizing the UAV’s uplink cell associations and power allocations over multiple resource blocks. However, this problem is non-convex and difficult to be solved optimally. We first propose a centralized ICIC design to obtain a locally optimal solution based on the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. As the centralized ICIC requires global information of the network and substantial information exchange among an excessively large number of BSs, we further propose a decentralized ICIC scheme of significantly lower complexity and signaling overhead for implementation, by dividing the cellular BSs into small-size clusters and exploiting the LoS macro-diversity for exchanging information between the UAV and cluster-head BSs only. Numerical results show that the proposed centralized and decentralized ICIC schemes both achieve a near-optimal performance, and draw important design insights based on practical system setups.
135 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes to apply the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique to the uplink communication from a UAV to cellular BSs, under spectrum sharing with the existing ground users, and investigates the optimal design of cooperative NOMA and air-ground performance tradeoff.
Abstract: Aerial–ground interference mitigation is a challenging issue in the emerging cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. Due to the strong line-of-sight (LoS) air-to-ground (A2G) channels, the UAV may impose/suffer more severe uplink/downlink interference to/from the cellular base stations (BSs) as compared to the ground users. To tackle this challenge, we propose in this paper to apply the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique to the uplink communication from a UAV to cellular BSs, under spectrum sharing with the existing ground users. However, for our considered system, traditional NOMA with only local interference cancellation (IC) at individual BSs, termed non-cooperative NOMA, may provide very limited gain compared to the orthogonal multiple access (OMA). This is because there are a large number of co-channel BSs due to the LoS A2G channels, and thus, the rate performance of the UAV is severely limited by the BS with the worst channel condition with the UAV. To mitigate the UAV's uplink interference without significantly compromising its achievable rate, a new cooperative NOMA scheme is proposed in this paper by exploiting the existing backhaul links among BSs. Specifically, some BSs with better channel conditions are selected to decode the UAV's signals first, and then forward the decoded signals to their backhaul-connected BSs for IC. To investigate the optimal design of cooperative NOMA and air-ground performance tradeoff, we maximize the weighted sum-rate of the UAV and ground users by jointly optimizing the UAV's rate and power allocations over multiple resource blocks as well as their associated BSs. However, this problem is difficult to be solved optimally. To obtain useful insights, we first consider two special cases with egoistic and altruistic transmission strategies of the UAV, respectively, and solve their corresponding problems optimally. Next, we consider the general case and propose an efficient suboptimal solution by applying the alternating optimization and successive convex approximation techniques. Numerical results show that the proposed cooperative NOMA scheme yields significant throughput gains than those by the traditional OMA as well as the non-cooperative NOMA benchmark.
132 citations
TL;DR: This paper begins by providing a rudimentary overview of the ROF architecture, and then elaborate on ROF techniques designed for improving the attainable system performance, and concludes by describing the ROf techniques conceived for reducing theROF system installation costs.
Abstract: Advanced cost reduction and performance improvement techniques conceived for Radio Over Fiber (ROF) communications are considered. ROF techniques are expected to form the backbone of the future fifth generation of wireless networks. The achievable link performance and the associated deployment cost constitute the most salient metrics of an ROF architecture. In this paper, we commence by providing a rudimentary overview of the ROF architecture, and then we elaborate on ROF techniques designed for improving the attainable system performance. We conclude by describing the ROF techniques conceived for reducing the ROF system installation costs.
131 citations
TL;DR: This tutorial paper addresses the physical layer security concerns and resiliency of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communications; the de facto air-interface of most modern wireless broadband standards including 3GPP Long Term Evolution and WiMAX.
Abstract: This tutorial paper addresses the physical layer security concerns and resiliency of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communications; the de facto air-interface of most modern wireless broadband standards including 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and WiMAX. The paper starts with a brief introduction to the OFDM waveform and then reviews the robustness of the existing OFDM waveform in the presence of noise, multipath fading, and interference. The paper then moves on to build comprehensive adversarial models against OFDM waveforms. Robustness of OFDM is first investigated under AWGN noise and noise-like jamming attack scenarios, then under uncorrelated yet colored interferences from modulated sources (both intentional and unintentional). Finally, the paper explores some of the more recent developments in the field of energy efficient correlated jamming attacks that can disrupt communication severely by exploiting the knowledge of the target waveform structure. Potential countermeasures against such jamming attacks are presented, in an attempt to make a robust and resilient OFDM waveform.
130 citations