Book•
4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband
21 Mar 2011-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system, including the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance.
Abstract: Based on the bestseller "3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband" and reflecting the ongoing success of LTE throughout the world, this book focuses on LTE with full updates including LTE-Advanced to provide a complete picture of the LTE system. Overview and detailed explanations are given for the latest LTE standards for radio interface architecture, the physical layer, access procedures, broadcast, relaying, spectrum and RF characteristics, and system performance. Key technologies presented include multi-carrier transmission, advanced single-carrier transmission, advanced receivers, OFDM, MIMO and adaptive antenna solutions, advanced radio resource management and protocols, and different radio network architectures. Their role and use in the context of mobile broadband access in general is explained. Both a high-level overview and more detailed step-by-step explanations of the LTE/LTE-Advanced implementation are given. An overview of other related systems such as GSM/EDGE, HSPA, CDMA2000, and WIMAX is also provided. This book is a 'must-have' resource for engineers and other professionals in the telecommunications industry, working with cellular or wireless broadband technologies, giving an understanding of how to utilize the new technology in order to stay ahead of the competition. The authors of the book all work at Ericsson Research and have been deeply involved in 3G and 4G development and standardisation since the early days of 3G research. They are leading experts in the field and are today still actively contributing to the standardisation of LTE within 3GPP. Includes full details of the latest additions to the LTE Radio Access standards and technologies up to and including 3GPP Release 10Clear explanations of the role of the underlying technologies for LTE, including OFDM and MIMO Full coverage of LTE-Advanced, including LTE carrier aggregation, extended multi-antenna transmission, relaying functionality and heterogeneous deploymentsLTE radio interface architecture, physical layer, access procedures, MBMS, RF characteristics and system performance covered in detail
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a traffic-aware spatio-temporal model to analyze the RACH success probability, where both the preamble transmission outage and the collision events of each coverage enhancement (CE) group jointly determine the traffic evolution and the Rach success probability.
Abstract: NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a new 3GPP radio access technology designed to provide better coverage for Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) networks. To provide reliable connections with extended coverage, a repetition transmission scheme and up to three Coverage Enhancement (CE) groups are introduced into NB-IoT during both Random Access CHannel (RACH) procedure and data transmission procedure, where each CE group is configured with different repetition values and transmission resources. To characterize the RACH performance of the NB-IoT network with three CE groups, this paper develops a novel traffic-aware spatio-temporal model to analyze the RACH success probability, where both the preamble transmission outage and the collision events of each CE group jointly determine the traffic evolution and the RACH success probability. Based on this analytical model, we derive the analytical expression for the RACH success probability of a randomly chosen IoT device in each CE group over multiple time slots with different RACH schemes, including baseline, back-off (BO), access class barring (ACB), and hybrid ACB and BO schemes (ACB&BO). Our results have shown that the RACH success probabilities of the devices in three CE groups outperform that of a single CE group network but not for all the groups, which is affected by the choice of the categorizing parameters.This mathematical model and analytical framework can be applied to evaluate the performance of multiple group users of other networks with spatial separations.
13 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: It is shown that DFT-s-OFDM is more robust against PN under 5GNR Release 15 assumptions, specifically regarding the supported phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) designs, and it is demonstrated that the existing 5G NR Release 15 solutions can be extended to support deployments at 60 GHz bands with the enhanced PTRS structures.
Abstract: In this article, the first considerations for the 5G New Radio (NR) physical layer evolution to support beyond 52.6GHz communications are provided. In addition, the performance of both OFDM based and DFT-s-OFDM based networks are evaluated with special emphasis on the phase noise (PN) induced distortion. It is shown that DFT-s-OFDM is more robust against PN under 5G NR Release 15 assumptions, namely regarding the supported phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) designs, since it enables more effective PN mitigation directly in the time domain. To further improve the PN compensation capabilities, the PTRS design for DFT-s-OFDM is revised, while for the OFDM waveform a novel block PTRS structure is introduced, providing similar link performance as DFT-s-OFDM with enhanced PTRS design. We demonstrate that the existing 5G NR Release 15 solutions can be extended to support efficient mobile communications at 60GHz carrier frequency with the enhanced PTRS structures. In addition, DFT-s-OFDM based downlink for user data could be considered for beyond 52.6GHz communications to further improve system power efficiency and performance with higher order modulation and coding schemes. Finally, network link budget and cell size considerations are provided, showing that at certain bands with specific transmit power regulation, the cell size can eventually be downlink limited.
13 citations
Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."
...age of the system. It is well known that orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal has larger peak-to-average-power ratio than discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) [5], especially at lower modulation orders, which emphasizes the importance of supporting DFT-s-OFDM in downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) for beyond 52.6GHz communications. The DFT-s-OFDM considered here cor...
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TL;DR: A dynamic access control (DAC) mechanism is proposed for the GP-based cellular massive IoT system, which dynamically adjusts RA-attempting probability by considering not only the number of available preambles but also the numberof available PUSCH resources.
Abstract: In cellular Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems, system overload may occur during a random access (RA) procedure under a limited number of preamble resources and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resources especially when there exist massive IoT devices in a cell. In order to resolve the system overload, the commercial system like 3GPP LTE adopted a group paging (GP)-based uplink access technique, but it has been known that the performance of the GP-based technique drastically degrades as the number of devices increases. In this paper, we first propose a dynamic access control (DAC) mechanism for the GP-based cellular massive IoT system, which dynamically adjusts RA-attempting probability by considering not only the number of available preambles but also the number of available PUSCH resources. We also intelligently combine the proposed DAC mechanism with an early preamble collision detection technique to further improve the RA performance of the cellular IoT system. Through extensive computer simulations, we show that the proposed DAC mechanism outperforms the conventional access control mechanisms, which consider only the number of available preamble resources, in terms of GP completion time, PUSCH resource efficiency, transmission efficiency, and energy efficiency.
13 citations
Cites background from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."
..., eNodeB in 3GPP LTE systems [3] and narrowband IoT systems [4], [5]....
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TL;DR: A novel tree-enumeration strategy is proposed such that the MIMO detection and decoding of convolutional codes can be conducted in single stage using a tree-searching engine and can be configured to support different combinations of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes as well as encoder code rates, and thus can be more practically deployed to real-world MIMo wireless systems.
Abstract: This paper presents an algorithm and a VLSI architecture of a configurable joint detection and decoding (CJDD) scheme for multi-input multioutput (MIMO) wireless communication systems with convolutional codes. A novel tree-enumeration strategy is proposed such that the MIMO detection and decoding of convolutional codes can be conducted in single stage using a tree-searching engine. Moreover, this design can be configured to support different combinations of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes as well as encoder code rates, and thus can be more practically deployed to real-world MIMO wireless systems. A formal outline of the proposed algorithm will be given and simulation results for 16-QAM and 64-QAM with rate-1/2 and rate-1/3 codes will be presented showing that, compared with the conventional separate scheme, the CJDD algorithm can greatly improve bit error rate (BER) performance with different system settings. In addition, the VLSI architecture and implementation of the CJDD approach will be illustrated. The architectures and circuits are designed to support configurability and flexibility while maintaining high efficiency and low complexity. The postlayout experimental results for 16-QAM and 64-QAM with rate-1/2 and rate-1/3 codes show that, compared with the previous configurable design, this architecture can achieve reduced or comparable complexity with improved BER performance.
13 citations
Cites methods from "4G: LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Bro..."
..., Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) [12], demand an employment of different kinds of modulation schemes and encoder code rates, such as using 64-QAM with rate-1/3 codes, restricting to only one specific system...
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...Since most of the operating wireless systems, e.g., LTE/LTE-A [12] or 802.11n/ac [17], demand a capability of changing modulation schemes and encoder code rates according to transmission environment, such a limitation to the specific system configuration greatly hinders the applicability of JDD algorithm to a practical MIMO communication system....
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...Since most of operating wireless systems, e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) [12], demand an employment of different kinds of modulation schemes and encoder code rates, such as using 64-QAM with rate-1/3 codes, restricting to only one specific system 1063-8210 © 2015 IEEE....
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30 Sep 2013
TL;DR: In this article, small and medium-sized UAVs are used in military missions, and will in the future find many new application areas such as surveillance for exploration and security.
Abstract: Small and medium sized Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are today used in military missions, and will in the future find many new application areas such as surveillance for exploration and security. ...
12 citations