A boost DC-AC converter: analysis, design, and experimentation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new voltage source inverter (VSI) referred to as a boost inverter or boost DC-AC converter, which is intended to be used in uninterruptible power supply and AC driver systems design whenever an AC voltage larger than the DC link voltage is needed.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new voltage source inverter (VSI) referred to as a boost inverter or boost DC-AC converter. The main attribute of the new inverter topology is the fact that it generates an AC output voltage larger than the DC input one, depending on the instantaneous duty cycle. This property is not found in the classical VSI, which produces an AC output instantaneous voltage always lower than the DC input one. For the purpose of optimizing the boost inverter dynamics, while ensuring correct operation in any working condition, a sliding mode controller is proposed. The main advantage of the sliding mode control over the classical control schemes is its robustness for plant parameter variations, which leads to invariant dynamics and steady-state response in the ideal case. Operation, analysis, control strategy, and experimental results are included in this paper. The new inverter is intended to be used in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and AC driver systems design whenever an AC voltage larger than the DC link voltage is needed, with no need of a second power conversion stage.
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TL;DR: An overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines is given and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is discussed.
Abstract: Renewable energy sources like wind, sun, and hydro are seen as a reliable alternative to the traditional energy sources such as oil, natural gas, or coal. Distributed power generation systems (DPGSs) based on renewable energy sources experience a large development worldwide, with Germany, Denmark, Japan, and USA as leaders in the development in this field. Due to the increasing number of DPGSs connected to the utility network, new and stricter standards in respect to power quality, safe running, and islanding protection are issued. As a consequence, the control of distributed generation systems should be improved to meet the requirements for grid interconnection. This paper gives an overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines. In addition, control structures of the grid-side converter are presented, and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is also discussed. Moreover, control strategies when running on grid faults are treated. This paper ends up with an overview of synchronization methods and a discussion about their importance in the control
4,655 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of single-phase inverters developed for small distributed power generators is presented, compared, and evaluated against the requirements of power decoupling and dual-grounding, the capabilities for grid-connected or/and stand-alone operations, and specific DG applications.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of single-phase inverters developed for small distributed power generators. The functions of inverters in distributed power generation (DG) systems include dc-ac conversion, output power quality assurance, various protection mechanisms, and system controls. Unique requirements for small distributed power generation systems include low cost, high efficiency and tolerance for an extremely wide range of input voltage variations. These requirements have driven the inverter development toward simpler topologies and structures, lower component counts, and tighter modular design. Both single-stage and multiple-stage inverters have been developed for power conversion in DG systems. Single-stage inverters offer simple structure and low cost, but suffer from a limited range of input voltage variations and are often characterized by compromised system performance. On the other hand, multiple-stage inverters accept a wide range of input voltage variations, but suffer from high cost, complicated structure and low efficiency. Various circuit topologies are presented, compared, and evaluated against the requirements of power decoupling and dual-grounding, the capabilities for grid-connected or/and stand-alone operations, and specific DG applications in this paper, along with the identification of recent development trends of single-phase inverters for distributed power generators.
899 citations
Cites background or methods from "A boost DC-AC converter: analysis, ..."
...A nonisolated boost inverter by Cáceres and Barbi [4] is shown in Fig....
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...Sliding mode control was employed to optimize inverter dynamics in [4]....
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...The mode of operation is similar to that presented in [4] and [5]....
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...up voltage, single-stage boost or buck-boost inverters were proposed in [4]–[8], [10], [15], and [18], which accomplish boosting and inverting functions in a single power stage....
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...Four-switch boost inverter by Cáceres and Barbi [4]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a high performance single-stage inverter topology for grid connected PV systems, which can not only boost the usually low photovoltaic (PV) array voltage, but can also convert the solar dc power into high quality ac power for feeding into the grid, while tracking the maximum power from the PV array.
Abstract: This paper proposes a high performance, single-stage inverter topology for grid connected PV systems. The proposed configuration can not only boost the usually low photovoltaic (PV) array voltage, but can also convert the solar dc power into high quality ac power for feeding into the grid, while tracking the maximum power from the PV array. Total harmonic distortion of the current, fed into the grid, is restricted as per the IEEE-519 standard. The proposed topology has several desirable features such as better utilization of the PV array, higher efficiency, low cost and compact size. Further, due to the very nature of the proposed topology, the PV array appears as a floating source to the grid, thereby enhancing the overall safety of the system. A survey of the existing topologies, suitable for single-stage, grid connected PV applications, is carried out and a detailed comparison with the proposed topology is presented. A complete steady-state analysis, including the design procedure and expressions for peak device stresses, is included. Necessary condition on the modulation index "M" for sinusoidal pulsewidth modulated control of the proposed inverter topology has also been derived for discontinuous conduction mode operation. All the analytical, simulation and experimental results are presented.
636 citations
Cites background from "A boost DC-AC converter: analysis, ..."
...Caceres and Barbi [20] have proposed an elegant single-stage boost cum inverter topology [Fig....
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...(a)–(g): Schematic circuit diagrams of the various existing single-stage topologies [15]–[18], [20]–[22], [25] and (h) proposed scheme....
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...There are some other configurations [20]–[22] which are not originally intended for PV applications, but can be considered for grid connected PV applications....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a flyback-type utility interactive inverter circuit topology was proposed for photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems when its lifetime under high atmospheric temperature is taken into account.
Abstract: In recent years, interest in natural energy has grown in response to increased concern for the environment. Many kinds of inverter circuits and their control schemes for photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems have been studied. A conventional system employs a PV array in which many PV modules are connected in series to obtain sufficient dc input voltage for generating ac utility line voltage from an inverter circuit. However, the total power generated from the PV array is sometimes decreased remarkably when only a few modules are partially covered by shadows, thereby decreasing inherent current generation, and preventing the generation current from attaining its maximum value on the array. To overcome this drawback, an ac module strategy has been proposed. In this system, a low-power dc-ac utility interactive inverter is individually mounted on each PV module and operates so as to generate the maximum power from its corresponding PV module. Especially in the case of a single-phase utility interactive inverter, an electrolytic capacitor of large capacitance has been connected on the dc input bus in order to decouple the power pulsation caused by single-phase power generation to the utility line. However, especially during the summer season, the ac module inverters have to operate under a very high atmospheric temperature, and hence the lifetime of the inverter is shortened, because the electrolytic capacitor has a drastically shortened life when used in a high-temperature environment. Of course, we may be able to use film capacitors instead of the electrolytic capacitors if we can pay for the extreme large volume of the inverter. However, this is not a realistic solution for ac module systems. This paper proposes a novel flyback-type utility interactive inverter circuit topology suitable for ac module systems when its lifetime under high atmospheric temperature is taken into account. A most distinctive feature of the proposed system is that the decoupling of power pulsation is executed by an additional circuit that enables employment of film capacitors with small capacitance not only for the dc input line but also for the decoupling circuit, and hence the additional circuit is expected to extend the lifetime of the inverter. The proposed inverter circuit also enables realization of small volume, lightweight, and stable ac current injection into the utility line. A control method suitable for the proposed inverter is also proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed inverter is verified thorough P-SIM simulation and experiments on a 100-W prototype
493 citations
Cites background from "A boost DC-AC converter: analysis, ..."
...Also note that the voltage, , must have a positive value, , in order to generate the sufficient magnetizing current, , during stage II; hence, the amplitude of must be smaller than (20) In view of the fact that the proposed inverter must operate under the discontinuous current mode, the sum of the…...
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TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review of step-up single-phase non-isolated inverters suitable for ac-module applications is presented, where the selected solutions are designed and simulated complying with the benchmark obtaining passive and semiconductor components ratings.
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive review of step-up single-phase non-isolated inverters suitable for ac-module applications. In order to compare the most feasible solutions of the reviewed topologies, a benchmark is set. This benchmark is based on a typical ac-module application considering the requirements for the solar panels and the grid. The selected solutions are designed and simulated complying with the benchmark obtaining passive and semiconductor components ratings in order to perform a comparison in terms of size and cost. A discussion of the analyzed topologies regarding the obtained ratings as well as ground currents is presented. Recommendations for topological solutions complying with the application benchmark are provided.
475 citations
Cites background from "A boost DC-AC converter: analysis, ..."
...The boost dc–ac converter introduced in [41] (see Fig....
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References
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20 Jun 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, a general-purpose sliding-mode controller is described, which can be applied to most DC-DC power converter topologies and provides extreme robustness and speed of response against supply, load, and parameter variations.
Abstract: A general-purpose sliding-mode controller is described, which can be applied to most DC-DC power converter topologies. It has the same circuit complexity as standard current-mode controllers, but provides extreme robustness and speed of response against supply, load, and parameter variations. Moreover, contrary to other sliding-mode techniques, the proposed solution features constant switching frequency in the steady state, synchronization to external triggers, and absence of steady-state errors in the output voltage. >
260 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach to the design of sliding-mode controllers for Cuk converters is presented, which is valid for both complete state feedback (fourth-order controller) and reduced state feedback(secondorder controller), according to the proposed design criteria, both control techniques ensure excellent static and dynamic performances.
Abstract: A novel approach to the design of sliding-mode controllers for Cuk converters is presented, which is valid for both complete state feedback (fourth-order controller) and reduced state feedback (second-order controller). According to the proposed design criteria, both control techniques ensure excellent static and dynamic performances, also resulting in simple control implementation and minimum size of energy transfer capacitor. Experimental results are reported, and compared with those obtained with other popular control techniques. >
133 citations
06 Nov 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new voltage source inverter referred to as a boost inverter or boost DC-AC converter, which is intended to be used in UPS design, whenever an AC voltage larger than the DC link voltage is needed.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new voltage source inverter referred to as a boost inverter or boost DC-AC converter The main attribute of the new inverter topology is the fact that it generates an AC output voltage larger than the DC input one, depending on the instantaneous duty-cycle This property is not found in the classical voltage source inverter which produces an AC output instantaneous voltage always lower than the DC input voltage Operation, analysis, modulation, control strategy and experimental results are included in this paper The new inverter is intended to be used in UPS design, whenever an AC voltage larger than the DC link voltage is needed, with no need of a second power conversion stage
111 citations
05 Sep 1994
TL;DR: In this article, a sliding mode controller for a single phase inverter used in UPS applications is presented, where the use of a reduced order observer eliminates the requirement of the load current measurement and improves the noise immunity.
Abstract: This paper deals with a sliding mode controller for a single phase inverter used in UPS applications. The proposed system provides overload and short circuit protection. It can operate in constant or variable frequency. The use of a reduced order observer eliminates the requirement of the load current measurement and improves the noise immunity. Experimental results obtained in laboratory are presented and they confirm the simulation and theoretical analysis. >
60 citations
23 Feb 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach to the design of sliding mode controllers for Cuk power converters is presented, which is valid for both complete status feedback (fourth-order controller) and reduced status feedback, and the proposed design criteria ensure excellent static and dynamic performances, also resulting in simple control implementation and minimum size of the energy transfer capacitor.
Abstract: A novel approach to the design of sliding mode controllers for Cuk power converters is presented, which is valid for both complete status feedback (fourth-order controller) and reduced status feedback (second-order controller). According to the proposed design criteria, both control techniques ensure excellent static and dynamic performances, also resulting in simple control implementation and minimum size of the energy transfer capacitor. Experimental results are reported, and compared with those obtained with other popular control techniques. The proposed approach has three main advantages: control implementation is very simple; large-signal stability, nonoscillatory response of all state variables, and short settling time are ensured in any operating condition; and the transfer capacitor can become very small, since decoupling of input and output stages is not required. >
42 citations