A carbon-free lithium-ion solid dispersion redox couple with low viscosity for redox flow batteries
TL;DR: In this article, a new type of nonaqueous redox couple without carbon additives for flow batteries is proposed and the target anolyte chemistry is demonstrated and the so-called "Solid Dispersion Redox Couple" incorporates solid electroactive materials dispersed in organic lithium-ion battery electrolyte as its flowing suspension.
About: This article is published in Journal of Power Sources.The article was published on 2016-08-15 and is currently open access. It has received 40 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Flow battery & Lithium-ion battery.
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01 Feb 2018
142 citations
12 May 2017-Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. B. Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a decoupling of the power and energy in a flow battery, similar to the operation of fuel cells, to provide the flexibility of independently designing the power output unit and energy storage unit, which can provide cost and time advantages.
Abstract: Energy storage is increasingly important for a diversity of applications. Batteries can be used to store solar or wind energy providing power when the Sun is not shining or wind speed is insufficient to meet power demands. For large scale energy storage, solutions that are both economically and environmentally friendly are limited. Flow batteries are a type of battery technology which is not as well-known as the types of batteries used for consumer electronics, but they provide potential opportunities for large scale energy storage. These batteries have electrochemical recharging capabilities without emissions as is the case for other rechargeable battery technologies; however, with flow batteries, the power and energy are decoupled which is more similar to the operation of fuel cells. This decoupling provides the flexibility of independently designing the power output unit and energy storage unit, which can provide cost and time advantages and simplify future upgrades to the battery systems. One major ch...
59 citations
TL;DR: How monitoring and operation strategies are commonly implemented as online tools to optimize the electrolyte performance and recover lost battery capacity as well as how their automation is realized via battery management systems (BMSs) are discussed.
Abstract: Flow batteries (FBs) currently are one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies for energy grids with a large share of renewable electricity generation Among the main technological challenges for the economic operation of a large-scale battery technology is its calendar lifetime, which ideally has to cover a few decades without significant loss of performance This requirement can only be met if the key parameters representing the performance losses of the system are continuously monitored and optimized during the operation Nearly all performance parameters of a FB are related to the two electrolytes as the electrochemical storage media and we therefore focus on them in this review We first survey the literature on the available characterization methods for the key FB electrolyte parameters Based on these, we comprehensively review the currently available approaches for assessing the most important electrolyte state variables: the state-of-charge (SOC) and the state-of-health (SOH) We furthermore discuss how monitoring and operation strategies are commonly implemented as online tools to optimize the electrolyte performance and recover lost battery capacity as well as how their automation is realized via battery management systems (BMSs) Our key findings on the current state of this research field are finally highlighted and the potential for further progress is identified
38 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an in situ method, neutron imaging, is applied to Li-ion full cells to track the lithiation/delithiation processes in the electrodes during discharge.
38 citations
16 Aug 2016
TL;DR: In this article, a template-based process was used to produce sub-micrometer sized LCO particles, which were easily dispersed into individual particles through a low energy mechanical method.
Abstract: One attribute that has limited performance for some lithium-ion battery active material systems is large particle size. While many methods have been reported in the literature for producing high-performance sub-micrometer sized battery particles, often these procedures are difficult to adapt to large battery electrode powder production and/or the processing is relatively expensive compared to traditional methods. We report a highly scalable process to produce high performance sub-micrometer battery active material using an initial demonstration cathode chemistry, LiCoO2 (LCO). We adopted a template-based process which took advantage of a cobalt oxalate precursor material with a rod morphology. Lithiation of the precursor via calcination produced loosely connected sub-micrometer sized LCO particles which were easily dispersed into individual particles through a low energy mechanical method. The sub-micrometer sized LCO particulates exhibited excellent electrochemical performance as lithium-ion battery cathode active materials, including high discharge capacity, rate capability, and coulombic efficiency.
29 citations
References
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TL;DR: The battery systems reviewed here include sodium-sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox-flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium-ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
Abstract: The increasing interest in energy storage for the grid can be attributed to multiple factors, including the capital costs of managing peak demands, the investments needed for grid reliability, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Although existing energy storage is dominated by pumped hydroelectric, there is the recognition that battery systems can offer a number of high-value opportunities, provided that lower costs can be obtained. The battery systems reviewed here include sodium-sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox-flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium-ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
11,144 citations
TL;DR: This review describes some recent developments in the discovery of nanoelectrolytes and nanoeLECTrodes for lithium batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors and the advantages and disadvantages of the nanoscale in materials design for such devices.
Abstract: New materials hold the key to fundamental advances in energy conversion and storage, both of which are vital in order to meet the challenge of global warming and the finite nature of fossil fuels. Nanomaterials in particular offer unique properties or combinations of properties as electrodes and electrolytes in a range of energy devices. This review describes some recent developments in the discovery of nanoelectrolytes and nanoelectrodes for lithium batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. The advantages and disadvantages of the nanoscale in materials design for such devices are highlighted.
8,157 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the components of RFBs with a focus on understanding the underlying physical processes are examined and various transport and kinetic phenomena are discussed along with the most common redox couples.
Abstract: Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are enjoying a renaissance due to their ability to store large amounts of electrical energy relatively cheaply and efficiently. In this review, we examine the components of RFBs with a focus on understanding the underlying physical processes. The various transport and kinetic phenomena are discussed along with the most common redox couples.
1,661 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of conduction phenomena in all components of a Li-ion cell incorporating theoretical, experimental, and simulation studies is presented in this paper, where the critical results, issues and challenges with respect to ionic and electronic conduction in the cathode, anode and electrolyte are discussed.
1,394 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared redox flow systems in the light of characteristics such as open circuit potential, power density, energy efficiency, and charge-discharge behavior, and highlighted areas for further research.
1,054 citations