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Journal ArticleDOI

A classification of hand preference by association analysis.

Marian Annett1
01 Aug 1970-British Journal of Psychology (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd)-Vol. 61, Iss: 3, pp 303-321
TL;DR: An association analysis was made of the responses of young adults to a hand-preference questionnaire and it is believed to demonstrate that hand preference is distributed continuously and not discretely.
Abstract: An association analysis was made of the responses of young adults to a hand-preference questionnaire. Many patterns of preference were distinguished and there were no marked differences between adjacent classes. These findings are believed to demonstrate that hand preference is distributed continuously and not discretely. When it is necessary to classify handedness, the preference continuum can be divided at several levels of discrimination. A second study of hand preference and manual speed showed that it is possible to order the main preference groups for asymmetry of manual skill. Some of the problems of studies of laterality are examined as possible consequences of the treatment of a continuous distribution as if it were discrete.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis is that slowed growth within certain zones of the left hemisphere is likely to result in enlargement of other cortical regions, in particular, the homologous contralateral area, but also adjacent unfaffected regions.
Abstract: Part two of this three-part series commences with anomalous dominance and special talents. Part one appears in a previous issue of theArchives. 1 ANOMALOUS DOMINANCE AND SPECIAL TALENTS According to our hypothesis, slowed growth within certain zones of the left hemisphere is likely to result in enlargement of other cortical regions, in particular, the homologous contralateral area, but also adjacent unfaffected regions. The influences that favor anomalous dominance may thus favor talents associated with superior development of certain regions either in the right hemisphere or in adjacent parts of the left hemisphere. Even with excessive retardation of growth and the resultant migration abnormalities and learning disorders (LD), high talents may exist as a result of compensatory enlargement of other cortical regions. Several types of data are in concordance with these conclusions. Several studies have claimed that the average level of spatial talents is higher in male subiects. 2 Hier

1,888 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was a significant main effect of sex on brain morphology, even after accounting for the larger global volumes of grey and white matter in males.

1,195 citations


Cites methods or result from "A classification of hand preference..."

  • ..., 1998), Annett’s handedness questionnaire (Annett, 1970), or the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971)....

    [...]

  • ...…time constraints made it impractical to administer a comprehensive handedness/footedness questionnaire, such as the Waterloo Handedness and Footedness Questionnaire (e.g., Elias et al., 1998), Annett’s handedness questionnaire (Annett, 1970), or the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971)....

    [...]

  • ...Finally recent studies corroborate and extend older reports of a larger Broca’s area (areas 44 and 45 of Brodmann) in the left hemisphere (Amunts et al., 1999; Annett, 1970; Falzi et al., 1982; Foundas et al., 1996; Geschwind and Galaburda, 1985a)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article presents a tentative theoretical framework for the study of asymmetry in the context of human bimanual action and suggests that the kinematic chain model may help in understanding the adaptive advantage of human manual specialization.
Abstract: This article presents a tentative theoretical framework for the study of asymmetry in the context of human bimanual action. It is emphasized that in man most skilled manual activities involve two hands playing different roles, a fact that has been often overlooked in the experimental study of human manual lateralization. As an alternative to the current concepts of manual preference and manual superiority-whose relevance is limited to the particular case of unimanual actions-the more general concept of lateral preference is proposed to denote preference for one of the two possible ways of assigning two roles to two hands. A simple model describing man's favored intermanual division of labor in the model are the following. 1) The two hands represent two motors, that is, decomplexity is ignored in the suggested approach. 2) In man, the two manual motors cooperate with one another as if they were assembled in series, thereby forming a kinematic chain: In a right-hander allowed to follow his or her lateral preferences, motion produced by the right hand tends to articulate with motion produced by the left. It is suggested that the kinematic chain model may help in understanding the adaptive advantage of human manual specialization.

967 citations


Cites background from "A classification of hand preference..."

  • ...In the longer, 12-item questionnaire later designed by the same author (Annett, 1970), there are 7 bimanual items (dealing cards, unscrewing a jar, shoveling, sweeping, threading a needle, striking a match, and using scissors), 2 items that cannot be classified in this respect for lack of a…...

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  • ...In the longer, 12-item questionnaire later designed by the same author (Annett, 1970), there are 7 bimanual items (dealing cards, unscrewing a jar, shoveling, sweeping, threading a needle, striking a match, and using scissors), 2 items that cannot be classified in this respect for lack of a sufficiently precise evocation of the task context (hammering and using a racket), and only 3 arguably unimanual items (writing, throwing, and using a toothbrush)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Correlations of metabolic increases in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial temporal lobe, and cerebellum with self-reports of craving suggest that a distributed neural network, which integrates emotional and cognitive aspects of memory, links environmental cues with cocaine craving.
Abstract: Evidence accumulated over more than 45 years has indicated that environmental stimuli can induce craving for drugs of abuse in individuals who have addictive disorders. However, the brain mechanisms that subserve such craving have not been elucidated. Here a positron emission tomographic study shows increased glucose metabolism in cortical and limbic regions implicated in several forms of memory when human volunteers who abuse cocaine are exposed to drug-related stimuli. Correlations of metabolic increases in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial temporal lobe (amygdala), and cerebellum with self-reports of craving suggest that a distributed neural network, which integrates emotional and cognitive aspects of memory, links environmental cues with cocaine craving.

900 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of correlations between syndrome scores and rCBF revealed that each syndrome was associated with a specific pattern of perfusion in paralimbic and association cortex, and in related subcortical nuclei, suggesting that the abnormalities of brain function underlying each of the three syndromes are not confined to single loci, but involve distributed neuronal networks.
Abstract: Positron emission tomography was used to study the relationship between rCBF and symptom profiles in 30 schizophrenic patients. Factor analysis confirmed that the symptoms segregated into three syndromes--psychomotor poverty, disorganisation, and reality distortion--described previously. Analysis of the correlations between syndrome scores and rCBF revealed that each syndrome was associated with a specific pattern of perfusion in paralimbic and association cortex, and in related subcortical nuclei. The study confirmed predictions that psychomotor poverty and disorganisation are associated with altered perfusion at different loci in the pre-frontal cortex, and reality distortion with altered perfusion in the medial temporal lobe. The perfusion patterns suggest that the abnormalities of brain function underlying each of the three syndromes are not confined to single loci, but involve distributed neuronal networks.

870 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1937

229 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors made an inquiry by means of a questionnaire which included a "handedness inventory" into the prevalence of left-handedness among musicians, and the difficulties, if any, which lefthanders experienced in acquiring executant skills.
Abstract: An inquiry by means of a questionnaire which included a ‘handedness inventory’ was made into the prevalence of left-handedness among musicians, and the difficulties, if any, which lefthanders experienced in acquiring executant skills. It was found that left-handedness is neither less nor more common in the group of musicians studied than in a population of psychology undergraduates, and that left-handedness did not in general occasion any special difficulty. The left-handers adapted successfully to the ‘right-handedness’ of their instruments, the only substantial connexion in which left-handed practices were retained being in conducting. It is suggested on the basis of these findings that ‘right-handedness’ is less a matter of superior inherent ‘dexterity’ or the capacity for agility, precision and speed in the right hand than of closer, more immediate, availability of the right hand as the instrument of the individual's conceptions and intentions. It is further suggested that the especial function of the dominant cerebral hemisphere is to mediate between the executive intentions of the individual and his physical means of expressing them, whether through manual or vocal channels.

115 citations