A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.
01 Jul 1957-American Journal of Clinical Pathology (AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY)-Vol. 28, Iss: 1, pp 56-63
About: This article is published in American Journal of Clinical Pathology.The article was published on 1957-07-01. It has received 9424 citations till now.
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TL;DR: It is indicated that administration of fenugreek supplemented diets could significantly increase the growth performance parameters and decreased the feed conversion ratio as compared to the non-supplemented groups.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of TQ on IC-induced immunotoxicity and found that TQ supplementation ameliorated the biochemical, histopathological and immunological changes induced by IC by increasing phagocytic activity, chemokinesis, chemotaxis, immunoglobulin levels, and the hemagglutination of antibodies, as well as by decreasing hepatic enzymes and serum MDA levels.
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that thymoquinone (TQ) exerts protective effects in some models of pesticide-induced immunotoxicity. However, no data exist regarding its possible modulatory effect during imidacloprid (IC)-induced toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of TQ on IC-induced immunotoxicity. Sixty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of twenty animals each. The control group was given distilled water orally, while the IC-treated group was orally administered 0.01 LD(50 )(0.21 mg/kg body weight) of IC insecticide daily for 28 days. The animals in the third group (IC/TQ group) received the same IC dose as the IC-treated group for 28 days in addition to an intraperitoneal (I.P.) injection of TQ (1 mg/kg) once every 7 days. We found that IC induced significant increases (P < 0.05) in total leukocyte counts, total immunoglobulins (Igs) (especially IgGs), the hemagglutination of antibodies, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to the control group. In contrast, significant decreases (P < 0.05) in phagocytic activity, chemokine expression and chemotaxis were observed in the IC-treated group, as were severe histopathological lesions in the liver, spleen and thymus. Notably, TQ supplementation ameliorated the biochemical, histopathological, and immunological changes induced by IC by increasing phagocytic activity, chemokinesis, chemotaxis, immunoglobulin levels, and the hemagglutination of antibodies, as well as by decreasing hepatic enzymes and serum MDA levels. Taken together, our data reveal the benefits of TQ supplementation for ameliorating IC toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and enhancing immune efficiency.
73 citations
TL;DR: In D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced hepatitis rats, a significant increase of lipid peroxidation and decreased liver antioxidant enzyme levels are observed and Pretreatment with allicin prevented these alterations.
73 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that replacing 50% of Egyptian berseem clover with SRS in goat rations improved their productive performance without marked effects on metabolic indicators health.
Abstract: The study evaluated replacement of Egyptian berseem clover (BC, Trifolium alexandrinum) with spent rice straw (SRS) of Pleurotus ostreatus basidiomycete in diets of lactating Baladi goats. Nine lactating homo-parity Baladi goats (average BW 23.8±0.4 kg) at 7 d postpartum were used in a triplicate 3×3 Latin square design with 30 d experimental periods. Goats were fed a basal diet containing 0 (Control), 0.25 (SRS25) and 0.45 (SRS45) (w/w, DM basis) of SRS. The Control diet was berseem clover and concentrate mixture (1:1 DM basis). The SRS45 had lowered total feed intake and forages intake compared to Control. The SRS25 and SRS45 rations had the highest digestibilities of DM (p = 0.0241) and hemicellulose (p = 0.0021) compared to Control which had higher (p<0.01) digestibilities of OM (p = 0.0002) and CP (p = 0.0005) than SRS25 and SRS45. Ruminal pH and microbial protein synthesis were higher (p<0.0001) for SRS25 and SRS45 than Control, which also had the highest (p<0.0001) concentration of TVFA, total proteins, non-protein N, and ammonia-N. All values of serum constituents were within normal ranges. The Control ration had higher serum globulin (p = 0.0148), creatinine (p = 0.0150), glucose (p = 0.0002) and cholesterol (p = 0.0016). Both Control and SRS25 groups had the highest (p<0.05) milk (p = 0.0330) and energy corrected milk (p = 0.0290) yields. Fat content was higher (p = 0.0373) with SRS45 and SRS25 groups compared with Control. Replacement of BC with SRS in goat rations increased milk levels of conjugated linoleic acid and unsaturated fatty acids compared with Control. It was concluded that replacing 50% of Egyptian berseem clover with SRS in goat rations improved their productive performance without marked effects on metabolic indicators health.
73 citations
29 Jan 2001-Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes
TL;DR: The results suggest that the in vitro enzyme-activity test seems to have a potential for the assessment of pesticide and heavy metal toxicity.
Abstract: In vitro study for the determination of the toxicity of some pesticides (gly-phospate and paraquat) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the activities of serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AlP), and acid phosphatase (AcP) is described Changes in electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins were also tested Results revealed that glyphosate was effective on all enzymes except AcP Its IC50 values (the concentration of compound that inhibits 50% of the enzyme activity in 1 h at 37°C) were 7143, 750, 542, 2708, and 714 mM for AChE, LDH, AST, ALT, and AlP, respectively The inhibitory effect of paraquat varied markedly among all enzymes The IC50 values of paraquat were 3214 and 750 mM for AST and ALT, respectively It had mild effect on AChE and LDH; and no effect on the activities of AlP and AcP The effect of CdCl2 was pronounced with AChE, ALT, AlP, and AcP, and no effect on LDH and AST was
73 citations
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...The activities of serum AST and ALT were assayed by the method of Reitman and Frankel (27)....
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