A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.
01 Jul 1957-American Journal of Clinical Pathology (AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY)-Vol. 28, Iss: 1, pp 56-63
About: This article is published in American Journal of Clinical Pathology.The article was published on 1957-07-01. It has received 9424 citations till now.
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TL;DR: There is a need for a simple and accurate method for the measurement of these transaminases of the serum, particularly in cardiovascular and hepatic diseases.
Abstract: WITH the growing emphasis on the study of glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases of the serum, both in the diagnosis and the prognosis of a large number of pathological conditions, particularly in cardiovascular and hepatic diseases, a need for a simple and accurate method for the measurement of these transaminases is apparent.
69 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that Avns exhibit antineoplastic activity and possess antioxidant properties that enhance the antioxidant defence system, thus reducing the oxidative stress caused by Ehrlich solid tumors.
Abstract: Interest is growing in finding natural sources of effective antitumor agents that generate fewer side effects than conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Avenanthramides (Avns) are such compounds; these phenolic molecules naturally occur in oats and have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects making them worthy of further research. The aim of this study is to characterise Avns' curative ability and antineoplastic activity on solid-form Ehrlich tumors. For the study, 75 female mice were randomly and equally allocated to five groups (group 1-control, group 2-DMSO, group 3-positive control receiving Avns, group 4-mice with Ehrlich solid tumor, and group 5-Ehrlich solid tumor treated with Avns). Mice with Ehrlich solid tumors exhibit increased tumor volume; elevated expression of AFP, ALT, AST, Bcl2, CEA, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, MDA, PCNA, potassium, triglycerides, TNF-α, and NF-κB; and a concomitant decline in catalase, GSH, P53, and SOD. In the mice with Ehrlich tumors who received Avns, there appeared to be improvement in NF-κB TNF-α, tumor markers (AFP and CEA), electrolytes, liver and kidney function enzymes, and lipid profiles; reduced MDA level; improved antioxidant parameters; normalised liver protein, P53, and PCNA; and reduced Bcl2 expression. Pathological examination of tumor lesions also indicated improvement. These results suggest that Avns exhibit antineoplastic activity and possess antioxidant properties that enhance the antioxidant defence system, thus reducing the oxidative stress caused by Ehrlich solid tumors.
69 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the fatty infiltration of the liver associated with MTX treatment occurs because of a disturbance in choline metabolism is consistent with the hypothesis that choline deficiency and treatment with methotrexate are related.
Abstract: Choline deficiency and treatment with methotrexate (MTX) both are associated with fatty infiltration of the liver. Choline, methionine, and folate metabolism are interrelated and converge at the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. MTX perturbs folate metabolism, and it is possible that it also influences choline metabolism. We fed rats a choline deficient diet for 2 weeks and/or treated them with methotrexate (MTX; 0.1 mg/kg daily). Choline deficiency lowered hepatic concentrations of choline (to 43% control), phosphocholine (PCho; to 18% control), glycerophosphocholine (GroPCho; to 46% control), betaine (to 30% control), phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho; to 62% control), methionine (to 80% control), and S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet; to 57% control), while S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) and triacylglycerol concentrations increased (to 126% and 319% control, respectively). MTX treatment alone lowered hepatic concentrations of PCho (to 48% control), GroPCho (to 69% control), betaine (to 55% control), and AdoMet (to 75% control). The addition of MTX treatment to choline deficiency resulted in a larger decrease in AdoMet concentrations (to 75% control) and larger increases in AdoHcy and triacylglycerol concentrations (to 150% and 500% control, respectively) than was observed in choline deficiency alone. Livers from MTX-treated animals used radiolabeled choline to make the same metabolites as did livers from controls (most of the label was converted to PCho and betaine). In choline deficient animals, most of the labeled choline was converted to PtdCho. Therefore, MTX depleted hepatic PCho, GroPCho, and betaine by a mechanism that was different from that of choline deficiency. MTX increased the extent of fatty infiltration of the liver in choline deficient rats, and choline deficiency and MTX treatment damaged hepatocytes as measured by leakage of alanine aminotransferase activity. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the fatty infiltration of the liver associated with MTX treatment occurs because of a disturbance in choline metabolism.
69 citations
TL;DR: A factorial design with three levels of dissolved oxygen tested the interaction between oxygen and stocking density on juvenile tilapia performance, suggesting that stress was maximized under LDO conditions and/or at high density.
Abstract: A factorial design with three levels of dissolved oxygen (DO)—low 1.0–1.5 mg/l (LDO), medium 2.5–3.0 mg/l (MDO), and normal 6.0–6.5 mg/l (NDO)—and two stocking densities—0.2 g/l (SD1) and 0.4 g/l (SD2)—tested the interaction between oxygen and stocking density on juvenile tilapia performance. After the feeding trial, fish were intraperitoneally injected by pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, and fish mortality was observed for 10 days post challenge. Highest growth was observed in the NDO-SD1 group. Reduction in DO concentration from 6.5 to 3.0 or 1.5 mg/L caused a reduction in fish growth and feed intake, which increased significantly by increasing fish density. Crude protein and total lipid in whole-fish body decreased significantly at LDO, while total lipid content decreased also at high SD. Glucose, activities of aspartate amninotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and uric acid in fish sera increased significantly, while total protein and total lipid decreased significantly at...
69 citations
Cites methods from "A colorimetric method for the deter..."
...Activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined colorimetrically according to Reitman and Frankel (1957)....
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TL;DR: Findings suggest that A. marmelos bark extract has the therapeutic potential in STZ-induced hyperglycemia; hence it can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
69 citations