A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.

doi:10.1093/AJCP/28.1.56

Journal Article•DOI•

A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.

Stanley Reitman¹, Sam Frankel¹•Institutions (1)

01 Jul 1957-American Journal of Clinical Pathology (AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY)-Vol. 28, Iss: 1, pp 56-63

About: This article is published in American Journal of Clinical Pathology.The article was published on 1957-07-01. It has received 9424 citations till now.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Hepatoprotective effect of water extract from Chrysanthemum indicum L. flower.

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Sang Chul Jeong¹, Sang-Min Kim¹, Yong Tae Jeong¹, Chi Hyun Song¹•Institutions (1)

Daegu University¹

04 Apr 2013-Chinese Medicine

TL;DR: HCIF inhibited bioactivation of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity and downregulates CYP2E1 expression in vitro and in vivo, and significantly reduced the levels of GOT and LDH in this in vivo study.

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Abstract: Chrysanthemum indicum L. flower (CIF) has been widely used as tea in Korea. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the hot water extract of CIF (HCIF) in in vitro and in vivo systems. Hepatoprotective activities were evaluated at 250 to 1000 μg/mL concentrations by an in vitro assay using normal human hepatocytes (Chang cell) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) against CCl4-induced cytotoxicity. Cytochrome P450 2E1, which is a key indicator of hepatic injury, was detected by western blot analysis using rabbit polyclonal anti-human CYP2E1 antibody. An in vivo hepatoprotective activity assay was performed at 1000 to 4000 μg/mL concentrations on CCl4-induced acute toxicity in rats, and the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined by standard enzyme assays. The hepatoprotective effects of HCIF significantly reduced the levels of GOT (60.1%, P = 0.000) and GPT (64.5%, P = 0.000) compared with the vehicle control group (CCl4 alone). The survival rates of HepG2 and Chang cells were significantly improved compared with the control group [82.1% (P = 0.034) and 62.3% (P = 0.002), respectively]. HCIF [50 mg/kg body weight (BW)] treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of GOT (49.5%, P = 0.00), GPT (55.5%, P = 0.00), ALP (30.8%, P = 0.000) and LDH (45.6%, P = 0.000) compared with the control group in this in vivo study. The expression level of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein was also significantly decreased at the same concentration (50 mg/kg BW; P = 0.018). HCIF inhibited bioactivation of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity and downregulates CYP2E1 expression in vitro and in vivo.

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52 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Effect of feed availability on susceptibility of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) to environmental zinc toxicity: Growth performance, biochemical response, and zinc bioaccumulation

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Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab

01 Nov 2016-Aquaculture

TL;DR: It is concluded that the feed availability adversely affected Znoxicity where feed availability to appropriate ration could minimize the deleterious effect of Zn toxicity on Nile tilapia performance and health, and vice versa.

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52 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Induction of oxidative stress in liver and kidney of rats exposed to Nigerian bonny light crude oil.

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Isaac A. Adedara¹, Roy Teberen¹, Azubike P. Ebokaiwe¹, Theresa Ehwerhemuepha¹, Ebenezer O. Farombi¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (1)

University of Ibadan¹

01 Jun 2012-Environmental Toxicology

TL;DR: It is suggested that BLCO elicits disruption of antioxidant status and concomitant elevation of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation differentially in liver and kidney of rats.

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Abstract: The local population of Niger-Delta in the Southern part of Nigeria have used bonny light crude oil (BLCO) as a remedy for various ailments and are exposed to some extent to this widespread environmental contaminant or its metabolites through the food chain. BLCO's hepatorenal toxicity was studied using oxidative stress indices to elucidate the precise nature and mechanism of action. BLCO was orally administered at concentrations of 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg⁻¹ to adult male rats for 7 days. After exposure, kidney weight was unaffected, but liver weight decreased significantly at 800 mg kg⁻¹ only compared with control. BLCO exposure resulted in dose-dependent elevation of serum aminotransferases, total bilirubin, urea, and creatinine. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased significantly, whereas γ-glutamyltransferase activity and the level of glutathione increased significantly in BLCO-treated animals compared with control in both liver and kidney of rat. Renal activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase markedly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in BLCO-exposed rats. In addition, the levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation significantly increased, dose dependently, in liver and kidney of BLCO-treated rats compared with control. BLCO-treated rats showed marked degeneration of kidney evident in cortical hemorrhages, tubular necrosis, protein casts, and cellular infiltration. However, no treatment-related liver histopathology was observed. The results suggested that BLCO elicits disruption of antioxidant status and concomitant elevation of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation differentially in liver and kidney of rats. The hepatorenal toxicity of BLCO could be due to induction of oxidative stress in liver and kidney.

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52 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Diagnostic value of serum-creatine-kinase in a coronary-care unit

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AlistairF. Smith

22 Jul 1967-The Lancet

TL;DR: Serum-creatine-kinase proved a more index of myocardial damage than either of the other two enzymes; no patient with proven myocardIAL infarction had a peak S.C.K. level of less than 72 I.U.T. per litre.

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52 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Dose-dependent hepatoprotective effect of emodin against acetaminophen-induced acute damage in rats.

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Monika Bhadauria¹•Institutions (1)

Jiwaji University¹

01 Nov 2010-Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology

TL;DR: It is concluded that emodin at a dose of 30 mg/kg (po) possesses optimum hepatoprotective ability against acetaminophen-induced toxicity.

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52 citations

Cites methods from "A colorimetric method for the deter..."

...A significant increase in leakage of AST, ALT, SALP and LDH was noticed in circulation after APAP administration (Pr0....
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...Serum was used for the estimation of aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) (Reitman and Frankel, 1957), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) (Reitman and Frankel, 1957), alkaline phosphatase (SALP; Halk et al., 1954), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; Wroblewski and La Due, 1955) and serum protein contents (Lowry…...
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...Serum was used for the estimation of aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) (Reitman and Frankel, 1957), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) (Reitman and Frankel, 1957), alkaline phosphatase (SALP; Halk et al., 1954), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; Wroblewski and La Due, 1955) and serum protein contents (Lowry et al., 1951)....
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...: E-m monika journal homepage: www.elsevier.de/etp Dose-dependent hepatoprotective effect of emodin against acetaminopheninduced acute damage in rats Monika Bhadauria Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474011, India a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 11 March 2008 Accepted 21 August 2009 Keywords: Acetaminophen Emodin Lipid peroxidation Reduced glutathione Liver marker enzymes 93/$ - see front matter & 2009 Elsevier Gmb 016/j.etp.2009.08.006 viations: ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase; A osphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferae; SAL Pase, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartare am ome P450; GSH, glutathione; LDH, lactate de ation; LFTs, liver function tests; MDA, malond inoneimine; ANOVA, one way analysis of var TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substanc +91751 2442750 (O), +919406587756 (M); f ail addresses: bhadauria_monika@rediffmail.c bhadauria@rediffmail.com. a b s t r a c t Protective effect of emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl anthraquinone), an active compound of Ventilago madraspatana Gaertn., was evaluated against acetaminophen-induced biochemical and histological alterations in rats....
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...Increased level of serum ALT, AST, SALP and LDH indicated deterioration in the hepatic architecture and functions due to toxic effects of APAP....
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A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.

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