A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases.
01 Jul 1957-American Journal of Clinical Pathology (AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY)-Vol. 28, Iss: 1, pp 56-63
About: This article is published in American Journal of Clinical Pathology.The article was published on 1957-07-01. It has received 9424 citations till now.
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TL;DR: It is postulated that the lysosomal enzymes detected in the serum of both species of molluscs had been released from certain hemolymph cells and may play a role in destroying certain invading organisms.
Abstract: 1. 1. The activities of lysozyme, acid and alkaline phosphatases, β-glucuronidase, amylase, lipase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in the whole hemolymph and 4000 g pellets and supernatants of Crassostrea virginica and Mercenaria mercenaria were assayed. All of these enzymes, except for amylase, occurred in whole hemolymph as well as in the fractions of both species of molluscs. 2. 2. Amylase only occurred in the whole hemolymph and serum of C. virginica. Since this mollusc possesses a crystalline style, the amylase is believed to have originated from this structure. 3. 3. It is postulated that the lysosomal enzymes detected in the serum of both species of molluscs had been released from certain hemolymph cells and may play a role in destroying certain invading organisms.
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TL;DR: Results suggest that the protein isolate of P. niruri could be used as an effective hepatoprotector against CCl(4) induced liver damage and somehow helps stimulating repair mechanism present in liver.
99 citations
Cites methods from "A colorimetric method for the deter..."
...Serum GPT and ALP were measured by the methods of Reitman and Frankel (1957) and Kind and King (1954), respectively....
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TL;DR: The methanol extract of Swertia chirata was evaluated for antihepatotoxic activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in experimental rats and was found to be active and on fractionation into butanol soluble and chloroform soluble fractions, the activity was traced and found more profound in the chloro Form soluble fraction.
Abstract: The methanol extract of Swertia chirata was evaluated for antihepatotoxic activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver toxicity in experimental rats. The extract was found to be active and on fractionation into butanol soluble and chloroform soluble fractions, the activity was traced and found more profound in the chloroform soluble fraction. The butanol soluble bitter rich fraction showed marginal activity. The results based on biochemical estimations have been expressed statistically and are additionally supported by histopathological examination of the liver of experimental rats and pentobarbitone induced sleep time studies in mice.
98 citations
TL;DR: Slow growing chicks gained 13.3 g/d during 1-56 d of age required a choline level of 1172 mg/kg feed, which derived from native one, was adequate when dietary 0.072% betaine was added, and significantly decreased relative weight of abdominal fat linearly.
Abstract: The response of slow growing chicks to different dietary levels of choline and\or betaine was investigated during the starter-grower period from 1 to 56 d of age. Therefore, a basal all-mash corn-soybean meal diet was formulated to contain 872 mg of choline based on native one. This diet was supplemented with 0, 300 and 600 mg of choline, from feed grade choline chloride (50%), which is equal to 872, 1172 and 1472 mg total choline/kg feed. Each choline level was supplemented with, 0.0, 0.072 and 0.144% betaine. Thus there were nine experimental diets; each diet was fed to 45 chicks divided equally among 5 replicates of nine unsexed chicks each. Irrespective of betaine addition, choline supplementation at 300 mg/kg diet significantly increased BWG by 3.2% and insignificantly improved FCR by 3.3% compared to unsupplemented basal diet (872 mg choline/kg diet). Choline supplementation at either medium or hig h level significantly increased blood serum albumin, while response to SRBC's was linearly (P<0.05) increased with increasing choline supplementation. Furthermore, choline at only 1172 mg/kg diet significantly decreased relative weight of abdominal fat, while increasing choline level to 1472 mg/kg diet did not affect relative weight of abdominal fat. Irrespective of choline supplementation, betaine addition at either 0.072 or 0.144% significantly improved BWG by 4.4 and 4.8%, and FCR by 4.2 and 6.1% compared to the basal diet, respectively. Betaine addition at 0.072 and 0.144% significantly increased serum total protein, albumen, and secondary response to SRBC's, while primary responses to SRBC's was linearly increased (P<0.05) with increasing betaine addition. Betaine significantly decreased relative weight of abdominal fat linearly. Results indicated that betaine addition at 0.072% to 872, 1172 or 1472 mg choline- containing diet increased BWG by 3.9, 4.1 and 5.1% and improved FCR by 4.1, 4.3 and 4.8% compared to their respective controls, respectively. Also, betaine addition at 0.144% to 872, 1172 and 1472 mg/kg diet increased BWG by 5.0, 4.9 and 4.4% and improved FCR by 4.8, 4.3 and 4.1% compared to their respective controls, respectively. Betaine addition at 0.072 or 0.144% to the basal diet containing 872 mg choline resulted in similar BWG and FCR, serum total protein, albumen and primary response to SRBC's of those fed diet containing 1172 or 1472 mg choline. In conclusion, slow growing chicks gained 13.3 g/d during 1-56 d of age required a choline level of 1172 mg/kg feed. However, choline level of 872 mg choline, which derived from native one, was adequate when dietary 0.072% betaine was added. Key word: Choline, betaine, growth performance, antibody response, meat quality
98 citations
Cites methods from "A colorimetric method for the deter..."
...The activities (µ/L) of liver enzymes e.g. alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes were assayed by the method of Reitman and Frankel (1957)....
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cephaloridine is most nephrotoxic to rabbits, intermediate in toxicity to rats, and least toxic to mice, confirming previous histopathological findings and suggesting a relationship between glutathione depletion and cep Khaloridine toxicity.
98 citations