A comparative evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of Thymus vulgaris, Salvadora persica, Acacia nilotica, Calendula arvensis, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis: An in-vitro study.
TL;DR: 5% NaOCl showed the maximum antib bacterial activity, and herbal products demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and can be employed as an alternative to NaOOCl.
Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of Thymus vulgaris, Salvadora persica, Acacia nilotica, Calendula arvensis, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis. Methodology: Herbal extracts of T. vulgaris, S. persica, A. nilotica and C. arvensis were prepared. Tryptone soya broth was used to grow E. faecalis and agar plates were prepared. The tested solutions (Group A: 5% NaOCl, Group B: 20% T. vulgaris, Group C: 12.5% S. persica, Group D: 10% A. nilotica, Group E: 10% C. arvensis) were added to the wells made on agar media. Agar diffusion test was performed. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Bacterial zones of inhibition were recorded. Results: The data were analyzed statistically by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc comparison by Tukey's t-test. The highest zone of inhibition against E. faecalis was shown by 5% NaOCl, followed by 10% C. arvensis, 20% T. vulgaris and 10% A. nilotica showed similar comparable antibacterial activity. The least zone of inhibition was showed by S. persica. Conclusion: 5% NaOCl showed the maximum antibacterial activity, and herbal products demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and can be employed as an alternative to NaOCl.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated and compared the antibacterial activity of Allium sativum extract, aqueous ozone, diode laser, and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as root canal irrigants.
Abstract: Aim: The present study aimed to individually evaluate and compare the aerobic and anaerob?ic antibacterial activity of Allium sativum extract, aqueous ozone, diode laser, and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as root canal irrigants. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight patients were selected and randomly allocated to one of the four groups (n = 12 each) according to the irrigant to be used in each group. For each included tooth, the preirrigation and postirrigation (after irrigation with the test solution) samples were collected through sterile paper points and microbial culturing was done by swabbing on blood agar plates followed by incubation for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Statistical Analysis: Manual colony-forming units counting were done, and statistical analysis was performed. Analysis of variance (one-way) followed by post hoc test was performed as a parametric test to compare the difference between the groups for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Results: All the groups showed a statistically significant reduction in bacteria (P Conclusion: A. sativum extract, aqueous zone, diode laser, and 3% NaOCl showed significant antibacterial activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
4 citations
TL;DR: Salvadora persica herbal extract is a promising material that can be utilized as an intracanal medication, but its use requires further research.
Abstract: This study aimed to test the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of Salvadora persica (S. persica) extract, a natural product, as an intracanal medication in comparison with calcium hydroxide (Metapaste, META BIOMED, Cheongju, Korea). The pH values of both materials were tested. The biocompatibility of S. persica extract and Metapaste was determined using light microscopy and MTT assays. The antibacterial action was tested using the zone of bacterial inhibition on four common bacterial species. In addition, intracanal medication was administered using 68 extracted single-rooted teeth contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and the percentage reduction in colony count (% RCC) at 1, 3, and 7 days was measured. The extension of activity for both materials was assessed using histological sections and scanning electron microscopy. S. persica was found to be acidic in nature. Both materials showed significantly lower cell viability than the positive control cells on days 1 and 3 but not on day 7. S. persica showed better antibacterial effects against E. faecalis and S. mutans. S. persica extract showed 97.6%, 98.9%, and 99.3% RCC values at 1, 3, and 7 days, respectively, which are comparable to those of Metapaste. S. persica herbal extract is a promising material that can be utilized as an intracanal medication, but its use requires further research.
3 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an ayurvedic alternative, Triphala for rapid decontamination of guttapercha cones and it holds promising future as a medium for storage of GP cones.
Abstract: Background: -The prime target of endodontic treatment is to maintain an aseptic conditions starting right from the access opening to the obturationof root canals.Many chemicals such as, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidineetc have been tried for GP decontamination but none of these compounds have been proven as fully effective.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an ayurvedic alternative, Triphala for rapid decontamination of guttapercha cones.
Materials and Methods: A concentrated extract of triphala was used to check for the antimicrobial efficacy using the agar well diffusion method. Presence of zones’ of diffusion was identified against three common GP contaminants namely, E.coli, E.faecalis and Staph. aureus. New GP Cones, freshly taken out of the packet were then decontaminated for 1minute using triphalaand then placed in thioglycolate broth to check for the presence of turbidity.Results: The zones of inhibition on the agar plate were measured as 23mm, 21mm and 24mm respectively. The broth remained clear even after 48 hours of incubation.Conclusion: We conclude that triphala is indeed effective as a GP decontaminant and it holds promising future as a medium for storage of GP cones.
Keywords: decontamination; guttapercha cones; triphala.
1 citations
TL;DR: Salvadora persica is a tree that belongs to the salvadorecea family as discussed by the authors , which is a popular natural toothbrush that was used centuries ago in oral hygiene by Muslims in all parts of the world, especially in the Middle East.
Abstract: Salvadora persica is a tree that belongs to the salvadorecea family. It is also known as Miswak, which is a popular natural toothbrush that was used centuries ago in oral hygiene by Muslims in all parts of the world, especially in the Middle East. Numerous researchers highlighted the biological activity of this plant in medicine, dentistry, and pharmacology. The purpose of this article is to narratively review the biological properties of Salvadora persica. In addition, it expresses variant applications of this herb in different dental specialties. Materials and Methods. The search of the literature was based on PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar using keywords: Salvadora persica, S. persica, Miswak, Dentistry, and Dental. All relevant articles were reviewed to check if they would fit within the scope of this review, and then, the information was extracted. Results. Multiple biological effects of S. persica have been reported including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and even antiulcer effects. Dental effects were discussed and presented. Conclusion. The wide biological range of Salvadora persica's effects is promising for dental and nondental fields and allows for an expanded clinical application that has otherwise not been discussed in the literature.
1 citations
TL;DR: NaOCl is still the irrigant of choice and has superior antibacterial effect than that of Turmeric and Thyme needs more investigation and additives to increase their efficacy.
Abstract: Objectives: To assess the antimicrobial effect of turmeric and thyme as root canal irrigants on Enterococcus Faecalis bacteria lives in primary teeth root canals. Subjects and methods: This study was carried out with informed consent, on fifty-four children suffering from non-vital primary molars indicated to pulpectomy and selected from Outpatient clinic of pedodontics and oral health department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University. Children ′ s teeth (54) were divided into three equal groups (18 eac): Group A: Molars roots of this group were irrigated with Turmeric solution. Group B: Molars roots of this group were irrigated with Thyme solution. Group C: Molars roots of this group were irrigated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution (control group). Microbiological culturing and counting of Enterococcus Faecalis were done after The collection at baseline and post-treatment samples for each group. Results: NaOCl group had the highest antibacterial efficacy (83.4%) against E. faecalis, followed by Turmeric extract group (56.7%), then Thyme oil group (55.6%). Conclusion: NaOCl is still the irrigant of choice and has superior antibacterial effect than that of Turmeric and Thyme needs more investigation and additives to increase their efficacy.
References
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TL;DR: Within the parameters of this study, both 1% NaOCl and 6%NaOCl were more efficient in eliminating E. faecalis biofilm than the other solutions tested.
287 citations
"A comparative evaluation of the ant..." refers background in this paper
...of the pulpal spaces, which might act as possible sources of infection or reinfection.[8] Hence, chemomechanical...
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TL;DR: Triphala, green tea polyphenols and MTAD showed statistically significant antibacterial activity and the use of herbal alternatives as a root canal irrigant might prove to be advantageous considering the several undesirable characteristics of NaOCl.
226 citations
"A comparative evaluation of the ant..." refers background in this paper
...[3] It has the ability to from biofilm, which renders it resistant against antimicrobial agents.[3,11] Hence, E....
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...faecalis, a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, is the most common Enterococcus species cultured from nonhealing endodontic cases.[11] It is the most frequently isolated microorganism in failed root canal cases....
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TL;DR: In this article, the antimicrobial efficacy of 5.25% NaOCl, BioPure MTAD (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN), and Tetraclean (Ogna Laboratori Farmaceutici, Milano, Italy) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm generated on cellulose nitrate membrane filters was compared.
142 citations
"A comparative evaluation of the ant..." refers background in this paper
...pulpal and periradicular diseases and are associated with endodontic treatment failures.[7] Endodontic treatment...
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TL;DR: Investigation of the antibacterial effects of oregano and thyme essential oils on some food-borne bacteria found EOs exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial effects of oregano and thyme essential oils (EOs) on some food-borne bacteria. GC-MS analysis of EOs was performed in order to determine their composition and phenols were predominant constituents. The investigation of the antibacterial effects of EOs was performed on Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Staphylococcus aureus , methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus , and MICs were determined by broth microdilution method. EOs exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms.
95 citations
"A comparative evaluation of the ant..." refers background in this paper
...[16] They have the ability to disintegrate the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, releasing lipopolysaccharides and increasing the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane to ATP....
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...[16] They have the ability to disintegrate the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, releasing lipopolysaccharides and increasing the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane to ATP.[17,18] Its extracts have phenols and tannins, which affect the enzymatic system of bacteria, especially those that are needed for plasmid replication....
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TL;DR: Both 1% NaOCl irrigation and the intracanal medications were effective in eliminating E. faecalis and C. albicans inoculated in root canals.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the action of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with an intracanal medication against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-six human single-rooted teeth with single root canals were used. The canals were contaminated with C. albicans and E. faecalis for 21 days and were then instrumented with 1% NaOCl. The roots were divided into 3 groups (n=12) according to the intracanal medication applied: calcium hydroxide paste, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and 2% CHX gel associated with calcium hydroxide. The following collections were made from the root canals: a) initial sample (IS): 21 days after contamination (control), b) S1: after instrumentation, c) S2: 14 days after intracanal medication placement; S3: 7 days after intracanal medication removal. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Both 1% NaOCl irrigation and the intracanal medications were effective in eliminating E. faecalis and C. albicans inoculated in root canals.
57 citations
"A comparative evaluation of the ant..." refers background in this paper
...Routinely used irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine have effective antimicrobial action.[4] However, they have certain disadvantages such as tissue toxicity, unpleasant taste, and odor, corrosion of instruments, inability to remove the smear layer, reduction in the elastic modulus, and flexural strength of dentin....
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...[4] However, they have certain disadvantages such as tissue toxicity, unpleasant taste, and odor, corrosion of instruments, inability to remove the smear layer, reduction in the elastic modulus, and flexural strength of dentin.[4] The use of phytomedicines extracted from natural plants provides several advantages over conventional synthetic drugs....
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