A comparative study of human placental and fetal liver catalase during development.
01 Feb 1985-European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology (Elsevier)-Vol. 19, Iss: 2, pp 81-88
TL;DR: Kinetic studies reveal the enzymatic decomposition of H2O2 to follow first-order kinetics at lower substrate concentrations, and then to deviate from the original linearity, demonstrating mixed- order kinetics.
About: This article is published in European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.The article was published on 1985-02-01. It has received 8 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Enzyme assay & Catalase.
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106 citations
TL;DR: This work compared the sensitivities of presumptively homologous epithelial somatic cells derived from bird and mouse kidneys to various forms of oxidative stress and found enhanced resistance of avian cells from three species to 95% oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, and gamma-radiation.
Abstract: Current mechanistic theories of aging would predict that many species of birds, given their unusually high metabolic rates, body temperatures, and blood sugar levels, should age more rapidly than mammals of comparable size. On the contrary, many avian species display unusually long life spans. This finding suggests that cells and tissues from some avian species may enjoy unusually robust and/or unique protective mechanisms against fundamental aging processes, including a relatively high resistance to oxidative stress. We therefore compared the sensitivities of presumptively homologous epithelial somatic cells derived from bird and mouse kidneys to various forms of oxidative stress. When compared to murine cells, we found enhanced resistance of avian cells from three species (budgerigars, starlings, canaries) to 95% oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, and gamma-radiation. Differential resistance to 95% oxygen was demonstrated with both replicating and quiescent cultures. Hydrogen peroxide was shown to induce DNA single-strand breaks. There were fewer breaks in avian cells than in mouse cells when similarly challenged.
97 citations
TL;DR: Results are in agreement with the proposal that the placenta exists in a physiologically low oxygen environment during the early part of gestation, and oxidative activity of the sort resulting in the generation of hydrogen peroxide would presumably be suppressed.
78 citations
TL;DR: Endothelial monocyte‐activating polypeptide was shown to be down‐regulated in preeclampsia by 2‐DE and MS, and three proteins identified by MS to be Hsp27, catalase, and glucose‐regulated protein were confirmed by Western blot analysis to be significantly up‐regulated to be involved in regulatory pathways activated by stress.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to use proteomic approaches to examine differences in protein expression in placentae from normal term and preterm preeclamptic pregnancies and to validate the data thus obtained by other independent methods. Using 2-DE we found that 80% of the proteins were present in both normal and preeclamptic placentae. However, 26 proteins in the normal term placentae were not matched in the preterm preeclamptic group. Six proteins showed increased intensity and one protein was down-regulated in preeclampsia. Four of the seven proteins that were altered in preeclampsia were further analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Identification by MS techniques revealed these proteins to be involved in regulatory pathways activated by stress. This is significant because preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder in human pregnancies that results in considerable oxidative and nitrative stress. Three proteins identified by MS to be Hsp27, catalase, and glucose-regulated protein were confirmed by Western blot analysis to be significantly up-regulated in preeclampsia. Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide was shown to be down-regulated in preeclampsia by 2-DE and MS.
16 citations
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TL;DR: It was found that acatalasic cells lacked the enzyme, even after growing for many months in a medium rich in catalase, even if the cell type is the euploid "fibroblast".
Abstract: Acatalasia, a disease due to homozygosity for a Mendelian gene, is characterized by the absence of the enzyme catalase from the tissues of the human body. Red cells from heterozygotes have enzyme activities about one-half normal. In this paper, the development of cell lines from skin biopsies on an affected homozygote, a heterozygote, and eight control patients is described. The cell type is the euploid "fibroblast."
It was found that acatalasic cells lacked the enzyme, even after growing for many months in a medium rich in catalase. The control lines all had mean catalase activities double or more that of the heterozygous line. Selection experiments, in which the growth of cells exposed for 20 minutes to varying concentrations of hydrogen peroxide was measured, did not provide a system for preferentially eliminating acatalasic cells.
Certain other experiments bearing on the enzymatic defect in this disease were performed.
49 citations
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: Kaplan et al. as mentioned in this paper measured the liver and blood cells' catalase activity and found that the liver's catalases were lower than those of the blood cells of other animals.
Abstract: JoelH.KaplanandJamesN.GrovesLifeSciencesBranch,CorporateResearchandDevelopmentCenter,GeneralElectricCompany,Schenectady,NewYork12301SUMMARYLiverandbloodcellcatalaseactivityinmicewithandwithouttumorsofvarioussizesandoriginswasmeasured.Animalsbearingtumors>1.5cminsizeshoweddepressionofleukocyteand/orlivercatalaseactivitywhencomparedwithtumor-freeanimals,butthiseffectwasnotsignificantinmicewithsmallertumors.Nodepression oferythrocytecatalaseactivitywasobserved.INTRODUCTIONOneoftheearliestreportsonthesystemiceffectsoftumorswasmadebyBrahn(2),whofoundthatthelivercatalaseactivityofhumanbeingswithcanceroftherectum,stomach,pancreas,andintestinewasverymuchlowerthannormal.Thissystemicphenomenon laterwasstudiedextensivelybyGreensteinetal.(4-8)withtheuseofalargenumberandvarietyoftumor-bearingmiceandrats.However,noeffectofagrowingtumoronerythrocytecatalasewasobserved(6).Theseinvestigators(6,8)postulatedtheexistenceofatoxicmaterialfromthetumorwhichmightberesponsibleforloweringlivercatalaseactivity.Inlaterwork,NakaharaandFukuoka(15)isolatedamaterialfromhumancancermaterialwhichtheyreferredtoastoxohormone.Thismaterial,wheninjectedintomice,broughtaboutaloweringinthelivercatalaseactivity;itdidnotaffectlivercatalaseinvitro(14).Morerecentstudieshaveshownthatthebehaviorofleukocytecatalaseissimilartothatofliver,ratherthantothatoferythrocytecatalase.RechciglandEvans(17)reportedthatarelatively specific inhibitor ofcatalase activity,3-amino-l,2,4-triazole,inhibitedcatalaseinliver,kidneyandleukocytesbutnotinerythrocytes.Invitroexperimentswithtumorextracts,whichareknowntodepressthecatalaseactivityofliverbutnotoferythrocytes.alsohavebeenshowntoinactivateleukocytecatalase(3).Wethereforeaskedwhethertumorsinvivohaveaneffectonleukocytecatalaseactivitysimilartotheireffectonlivercatalaseactivity.Consequently,wehavemadeastudyofbothliverandbloodcellcatalaseactivityofinbredmicebearingbothspontaneousandtransplantedtumors.MATERIALSANDMETHODSAnimalsandTumors.Inbredstrainsoffemalemicewereusedthroughout.Thestrainsandtumorsusedwere:(a)C3H/HeJ,bearingeitherspontaneousmammarytumorortransplantedlymphosarcoma6C3HED;(b)DBA/1J,bearingtransplantedpleomorphicsarcomaS37;and(c)A/J,bearingtransplantedspindle-cellsarcomaSal.Tumor-freeanimalsofeachstrainwereusedascontrols.AllmicewerehousedandsacrificedatTheJacksonLaboratory,BarHarbor,Maine.Blood and LiverSamples. Bloodsamples fromC02-anesthetizedmicewereobtainedbycardiacpunctureanddilutedin1.5volumes 0.9%NaClsolutionand1%heparin.Bloodwasstoredandshippedat4°.Liverswereexcisedfromeachanimal,quicklyfrozeninliquidnitrogen,andshippedinDryIce.IsolationofBloodCellFractions.Ficoll(PharmaciaFineChemicals,Inc.,Piscataway,N.J.),asucrosepolymerwithamolecularweightofabout400,000,wasdialyzedtoremovetheNaCl.Ficollwasmadeupasa15%(w/w)aqueoussolutionandwasdialyzedagainstdistilledwaterfor3daysat3°.Thedialyzedpreparationwasfilteredthrougha0.45-^mMilliporefilterandthenwassubjectedtoconcentrationbylyophiliza-tion.Toobtainthedesiredconcentrations,wedissolvedtheconcentratedFicollintheappropriatevolumeofSeligmann'sbalancedsaltsolution.1Totalleukocyteswereisolatedfrombloodsamplesreceived24hraftersacrificeofanimals.To2.0mlofeachbloodsamplewereadded150p\ofal%saponinsolutioncontaining0.05MKH2P04in0.9%NaClsolution,pH7.5.Thesaponin-treatedbloodwasincubatedfor2minat37°tolysetheerythrocytes.Theresultinghemolysateofeachsamplewaslayeredontopof8mlofa13%(w/w)Ficollsolutionandcentrifugedat4°inaLourdesModel1201swingingbucketrotor(LourdesInstrumentCo.,OldBethpage,N.Y.)for34minat413Xg.Aftercentrifugation,theleukocytescouldbefoundatthebottomofthetube.Leftbehind,ontopofthe13%(w/w)Ficollsolution,wereplatelets,red-cellghosts,plasma,andproteins-hemoglobin beinginthemajority.Thepelletedleukocyteswerewashedin3volumesofSeligmann'sbalancedsaltsolutionandcentrifugedat250Xgfor30min.Theywereresuspendedin7.0mlof0.05MKH2P04.in0.9%NaClsolution, pH7.5,andwereuseddirectlyformeasurementofcatalaseactivity.CellswerecountedwithaNeubauerhemocytometer.Therecoveryoftotalleukocyteswas12±2%which,althoughlow,yieldedamorethanadequatenumberofcellsfordetermination ofcatalaseactivity.Weisolatederythrocytesbywashingwholebloodin100volumesof0.05MKH2P04in0.9%NaClsolution,pH7.5.ReceivedNovember11,1971ÂiacceptedMarch6,1972.'Comprisedof7.65gNaCl,0.20gKC1,1.50gNaCH3CO2,0.05gNaH7PO4,0.10gKH2PO4,0.70gNaHCO3,lgglucose,0.003gascorbicacid,andtwice-distilledwaterto1000ml(pHofthesolution,7.3).1190 CANCERRESEARCHVOL.32
43 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Animals bearing tumors showed depression of leukocyte and/or liver catalase activity when compared with tumor-free animals, but this effect was not significant in mice with smaller tumors.
Abstract: Summary Liver and blood cell catalase activity in mice with and without tumors of various sizes and origins was measured. Animals bearing tumors ⩾1.5 cm in size showed depression of leukocyte and/or liver catalase activity when compared with tumor-free animals, but this effect was not significant in mice with smaller tumors. No depression of erythrocyte catalase activity was observed.
42 citations
TL;DR: The comparative efficiency of a number of solubilization procedures was studied, and blending with 0.05 per cent Triton X-100 was demonstrated as the most efficient means of releasing paniculate catalase activity.
38 citations
37 citations