A comparative study of the behavioral deficits following lesions of various parts of the zebra finch song system: implications for vocal learning.
Citations
8,163 citations
Cites background or methods from "A comparative study of the behavior..."
...The variability of syllable ordering in a song was quantified using the stereotypy score of Scharff and Nottebohm [13], excluding the variability in the number of introductory notes and in the end syllable of a song bout....
[...]
...of a loss of neurotrophic input from LMAN [12,13]....
[...]
1,531 citations
1,519 citations
1,512 citations
922 citations
References
834 citations
"A comparative study of the behavior..." refers background in this paper
...Early LMAN-lesioned and early deafened juveniles As reported previously, lesions of LMAN or deafening in juvenile male zebra finches (Price, 1979; Bottjer et al., 1984) resulted in severe disturbance of song acquisition (Fig....
[...]
...In addition, the adult song developed by both types of birds differed in the number of notes included in the songsignificantly fewer for LMAN-lesioned birds (cf. Bottjer et al., 1984) than for Area X-lesioned birds, who had on average the same amount of notes in their repertoire as intact birds....
[...]
...This was true even when the lesion targeted on Area X also encroached on LMAN (cf. Bottjer et al., 1984)....
[...]
...Those birds were not discarded from the analysis since LMAN is not essential for song production in adult zebra finches (Bottjer et al., 1984)....
[...]
...Earlier reports have described the effects of early LMAN (Bottjer et al., 1984) and Area X (Sohrabji et al., 1990) lesions and of deafening (Price, 1979) on song development in the zebra finch....
[...]
542 citations
494 citations
"A comparative study of the behavior..." refers background or result in this paper
...Deafening (Price, 1979) or lesions of LMAN (Bottjer et al....
[...]
...Section of syringeal nerves Both frequency modulation and temporal patterning are learned in intact song (Price, 1979)....
[...]
...It is, however, difficult to compare data from these two studies because Price (1979) pooled data from birds deafened between 16 and 43 d, and it is likely that deafening over such a wide range of ages produced more heterogeneous effects than the ones observed in our birds that were all deafened…...
[...]
...Both frequency modulation and temporal patterning are learned in intact song (Price, 1979)....
[...]
...…(17 out of 22) had patterns of frequency modulations similar to those found in subsong of intact animals, where sounds are noisier and frequency modulations are less well defined (cf. Price, 1979). and interval duration and duration variability values that differed from those of intact adult birds....
[...]
450 citations
431 citations