Journal ArticleDOI
A comprehensive meta-analysis on dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and cancer risk: Level of evidence and limitations.
Giuseppe Grosso,Justyna Godos,Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós,Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós,Sumantra Ray,Sumantra Ray,Agnieszka Micek,Andrzej Pajak,Salvatore Sciacca,Nicolantonio D'Orazio,Daniele Del Rio,Daniele Del Rio,Fabio Galvano +12 more
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TLDR
Overall results may be promising but are inconclusive, and further prospective cohorts assessing dietary polyphenol exposure and studies using other methods to evaluate exposure are needed to confirm and determine consumption levels required to achieve health benefits.Abstract:
cope
To summarize available evidence on the association between dietary flavonoid as well as lignan intake and cancer risk in observational studies.
Methods and results
A systematic search on electronic databases of all English language case–control and prospective studies published up to June 2016 was performed. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by random-effects model separately by study design. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested. Out of the 143 studies included, meta-analyses of prospective studies showed isoflavones significantly associated with decreased risk of lung and stomach cancers and nearly significant breast and colorectal cancers; total flavonoids showed nonsignificant decreased risk of breast cancer. Meta-analyses of case–control studies showed: total and/or individual classes of flavonoids associated with upper aero-digestive tract, colorectal, breast, and lung cancers; isoflavones with ovarian, breast, and colorectal cancers, endometrial and lung cancers.
Conclusions
Most evidence reported in previous meta-analyses was driven by case–control studies. Overall results may be promising but are inconclusive. Further prospective cohorts assessing dietary polyphenol exposure and studies using other methods to evaluate exposure (i.e. markers of consumption, metabolism, excretion) are needed to confirm and determine consumption levels required to achieve health benefits.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids.
TL;DR: The present review focused in flavonoids, the most abundant polyphenols in the diet, to give an overview of the most recent scientific knowledge about their impact on different inflammatory diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents
TL;DR: Flavonoids have dual action regarding ROS homeostasis—they act as antioxidants under normal conditions and are potent pro-oxidants in cancer cells triggering the apoptotic pathways and downregulating pro-inflammatory signaling pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health
Alessandra Durazzo,Massimo Lucarini,Eliana B. Souto,Eliana B. Souto,Carla Cicala,Elisabetta Caiazzo,Angelo A. Izzo,Ettore Novellino,Antonello Santini +8 more
TL;DR: This review gives an updated picture of each class of phenolic compounds and their properties and the use of current existing databases of bioactive compounds including polyphenols is described as key tools for human health research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Natural Products for Prevention and Treatment of Liver Cancer
TL;DR: A review summarizes the potential prevention and treatment activities of dietary natural products and their major bioactive constituents on liver cancer, and discusses possible mechanisms of action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soy, Soy Foods and Their Role in Vegetarian Diets.
Gianluca Rizzo,Luciana Baroni +1 more
TL;DR: The characteristics of soy and soy foods are discussed, focusing on their nutrient content, including phytoestrogens and other bioactive substances that are noteworthy for vegetarians, the largest soy consumers in the Western countries.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties.
Jin Dai,Russell J. Mumper +1 more
TL;DR: The anticancer effects of phenolics in-vitro and in- vivo animal models are viewed, including recent human intervention studies, and possible mechanisms of action involving antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity as well as interference with cellular functions are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary (Poly)phenolics in Human Health: Structures, Bioavailability, and Evidence of Protective Effects Against Chronic Diseases
Daniele Del Rio,Ana Rodriguez-Mateos,Jeremy P. E. Spencer,Massimiliano Tognolini,Gina Borges,Alan Crozier +5 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that better performed in vivo intervention and in vitro mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand how (poly)phenol molecules interact with human physiological and pathological processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. II. Review of 93 intervention studies
Gary Williamson,Claudine Manach +1 more
TL;DR: It is time to rethink the design of in vitro and in vivo studies, so that these issues are carefully considered, and the length of human intervention studies should be increased, to more closely reflect the long-term dietary consumption of polyphenols.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioavailability of dietary flavonoids and phenolic compounds
TL;DR: While analysis of plasma provides valuable information on the identity and pharmacokinetic profiles of circulating metabolites after acute supplementation, it does not provide accurate quantitative assessments of uptake from the gastrointestinal tract, and urinary excretion provides a more realistic figure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flavonoids as prospective compounds for anti-cancer therapy
TL;DR: The main molecular mechanisms of action of flavonoids attributing to their potential anti-cancer activities have been discussed and the key structural features required for their activity are highlighted.
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