A Diallel Selective Mating System for Cereal Breeding1
About: This article is published in Crop Science.The article was published on 1970-11-01. It has received 214 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diallel cross & Mating system.
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TL;DR: The MAGIC populations serve a dual purpose: permanent mapping populations for precise QTL mapping and for direct and indirect use in variety development and for studying the interactions of genome introgressions and chromosomal recombination.
Abstract: Background
This article describes the development of Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross populations (MAGIC) in rice and discusses potential applications for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and for rice varietal development. We have developed 4 multi-parent populations: indica MAGIC (8 indica parents); MAGIC plus (8 indica parents with two additional rounds of 8-way F1 inter-crossing); japonica MAGIC (8 japonica parents); and Global MAGIC (16 parents – 8 indica and 8 japonica). The parents used in creating these populations are improved varieties with desirable traits for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, yield, and grain quality. The purpose is to fine map QTLs for multiple traits and to directly and indirectly use the highly recombined lines in breeding programs. These MAGIC populations provide a useful germplasm resource with diverse allelic combinations to be exploited by the rice community.
317 citations
Cites background from "A Diallel Selective Mating System f..."
...More complex crossing schemes involving 6- way, 8-way crosses or diallel selective mating for use in breeding of self - pollinated crops were proposed many years ago (Allard 1960; Jensen 1970) but have seldom been used in plant breeding programs....
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...More complex crossing schemes involving 6way, 8-way crosses or diallel selective mating for use in breeding of self - pollinated crops were proposed many years ago (Allard 1960; Jensen 1970) but have seldom been used in plant breeding programs....
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TL;DR: Gene manipulation in plants improvement, Gene manipulation in plant improvement, and so on.
Abstract: Gene manipulation in plant improvement , Gene manipulation in plant improvement , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
273 citations
TL;DR: The application of conventional breeding, tissue culture and DNA-based markers that are used for accelerating the development of blast resistant rice cultivars are outlined and update information will be helpful guidance for rice breeders to develop durable blastresistant rice variety through marker assisted selection.
Abstract: Blast disease caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae is the most severe diseases of rice. Using classical plant breeding techniques, breeders have developed a number of blast resistant cultivars adapted to different rice growing regions worldwide. However, the rice industry remains threatened by blast disease due to the instability of blast fungus. Recent advances in rice genomics provide additional tools for plant breeders to improve rice production systems that would be environmentally friendly. This article outlines the application of conventional breeding, tissue culture and DNA-based markers that are used for accelerating the development of blast resistant rice cultivars. The best way for controlling the disease is to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative genes in resistant variety. Through conventional and molecular breeding many blast-resistant varieties have been developed. Conventional breeding for disease resistance is tedious, time consuming and mostly dependent on environment as compare to molecular breeding particularly marker assisted selection, which is easier, highly efficient and precise. For effective management of blast disease, breeding work should be focused on utilizing the broad spectrum of resistance genes and pyramiding genes and quantitative trait loci. Marker assisted selection provides potential solution to some of the problems that conventional breeding cannot resolve. In recent years, blast resistant genes have introgressed into Luhui 17, G46B, Zhenshan 97B, Jin 23B, CO39, IR50, Pusa1602 and Pusa1603 lines through marker assisted selection. Introduction of exotic genes for resistance induced the occurrence of new races of blast fungus, therefore breeding work should be concentrated in local resistance genes. This review focuses on the conventional breeding to the latest molecular progress in blast disease resistance in rice. This update information will be helpful guidance for rice breeders to develop durable blast resistant rice variety through marker assisted selection.
203 citations
Cites background from "A Diallel Selective Mating System f..."
...For these two traits, diallel selective mating system is suitable [30, 31]....
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TL;DR: This chapter discusses the nature of the disease or insect, its distribution, genetic variability of the pathogen, host resistance, genetics of resistance, and breeding for resistance in developing rice that is resistant to diseases and insects.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the progress made in developing rice that is resistant to diseases and insects. Among cereal crops, rice is the host of the largest number of diseases and insect pests. These cause serious yield loss annually. The magnitude of loss caused by diseases and insects, increases as the level of rice production per unit area increases. The chapter discusses the nature of the disease or insect, its distribution, genetic variability of the pathogen, host resistance, genetics of resistance, and breeding for resistance. Fungal diseases attack the plant foliage, stems, roots, leaf sheath, or inflorescence, and grains. Four fungal diseases: blast, sheath blight, brown spot, and narrow brown leaf spot; two bacterial diseases: bacterial blight and bacterial streak; and five virus diseases: tungro, grassy stunt, stripe, dwarf, and hoja blanca have been discussed in the chapter. To minimize yield loss from disease and insect attacks, varieties with multiple resistances to most major diseases and insects are required. Also, a systematic international survey of races or biotypes of major diseases and insects should be carried out with the use of differential varieties.
167 citations
TL;DR: The mlo gene for resistance to powdery mildew in barley offers an intriguing case of highly effective monogenic resistance that appears to be durable, as well as a mixed record of success in breeding for late blight resistance in potato.
Abstract: Durable resistance to disease is a common component of plant defense systems in natural ecosystems and can be found in virtually all cultivated species. Agricultural production practices increase crop vulnerability to most diseases, so higher levels of resistance than occur in natural ecosystems may be needed. Monogenic resistance to highly specialized pathogens is often highly effective when first developed but is generally race‐specific and nondurable, especially when characterized by hypersensitive host reactions. Partial resistance conditioned by several to many genes with additive effects is usually durable, particularly when it involves morphological or developmental changes in the plant. Exceptions to the general rule of nondurable monogenic resistance and durable polygenic resistance are presented. Recurrent selection is commonly used to develop cultivars with durable resistance, but durable resistance has also been achieved through pedigree breeding in small grains. Success in accumulating polygenic durable resistance to multiple diseases of maize and to leaf rust and stripe rust of wheat are described as the mixed record of success in breeding for late blight resistance in potato. The mlo gene for resistance to powdery mildew in barley offers an intriguing case of highly effective monogenic resistance that appears to be durable. Modern molecular genetic approaches offer promise not only for marker‐assisted selection of partial resistance genes but also for creation of novel forms of resistance to plant diseases. Nevertheless, traditional breeding and field tests will still have an essential role in developing commercial cultivars.
106 citations